The advent of the Intemet has witnessed a revolution in the business world. One typical example is the emergence of the B2B website. The present paper looks at the B2B website, a conventionalized digital text, in term...The advent of the Intemet has witnessed a revolution in the business world. One typical example is the emergence of the B2B website. The present paper looks at the B2B website, a conventionalized digital text, in terms of its communicative purposes, move features as well as linguistic specialties, with the aim of presenting the generic structure of the B2B website and its principal linguistic features contributing to the realization of its communicative purposes. It is demonstrated that the B2B website is one instance of the promotional genres and it has a lot in common with advertisement English and ＂netsneak＂ in the aspect of lexico-grammatical features.展开更多
Some of the characteristics of post-modernism, such as opposition centers, denial of holism, identity, differences and uncertainties, have had a great impact on the view of education. Because the purpose of education ...Some of the characteristics of post-modernism, such as opposition centers, denial of holism, identity, differences and uncertainties, have had a great impact on the view of education. Because the purpose of education is the starting point and end-result of education, which is related to the general orientation of education development, we have to re-examine the concept of modem educational purpose in the post-modernism thought. The author holds that compared with the modem education view, the educational purpose view of the post-modem period shows the following characteristics： Maintaining the diversification and difference of individuahty, paying attention to cultivating social consciousness and critical ability, learning to understand and respect ecological harmony.展开更多
The correct individuation of the best final destination for MSW cannot ignore the option of thermal treatment, taking into account both the possibility of energy recovery and the capacity of the thermal process to des...The correct individuation of the best final destination for MSW cannot ignore the option of thermal treatment, taking into account both the possibility of energy recovery and the capacity of the thermal process to destroy an important part of the pollutants that are originally present in the waste itself. In order to realize this operation, it is possible to use conventional incineration systems, but also to consider new innovative processes and technologies; among them, production of RDF （refuse derived fuel） is quite often used in process plants, and gasification of waste seems to be a promising solution. The aim of the present paper is a critical analysis of the above-mentioned solutions, not only from the operational point of view but also on the basis of the status of the art of practical applications and in consideration of the most significant results for the Italian and European situation. For the application of these technologies a specific Italian case has been considered： it consists of the correct individuation of waste management modality for final destination of wastes produced in a city located in Piedmont （north of Italy）. The results of the analysis highlight the environmental and economic convenience, for the specific considered case, of the direct combustion in incineration plant of the all amount of the wastes produced. From the considered specific example some more general conclusions can be drawn.展开更多
Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare rel...Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare related to an achievement of an endaccording to two thoroughly different ontological and logical grounds. Secondly, it is to bring the irreducibility of the teleological to non-teleological into organic development to unprecedented light so as to show how the ontological predominance of the finality over the material necessity may be adequately expressed by a logical implication, if it is appropriately stated and well distinct from other similar logical connectives such as the material implication and the biconditional if-and-only-if.展开更多
The skiing economy is a typical experience economy,so understanding the experience of ski tourists is essential to the development of the destination.To enrich the tourism experience research in the emerging ski marke...The skiing economy is a typical experience economy,so understanding the experience of ski tourists is essential to the development of the destination.To enrich the tourism experience research in the emerging ski market,this paper studies the 7118 online reviews of beginner skiers by selecting the main ski resorts in China as a case study.The content analysis method and sentiment analysis based on the domain lexicon and custom rules are combined to explore the perception characteristics of the beginners from the two aspects of experience dimension and experience satisfaction.Three main results were found.(1)The five main dimensions that affect the ski tourism experience of beginners are interaction perception,price perception,reputation perception,risk perception and functional perception.(2)For beginners,skiing is the primary purpose of tourism instead of being the critical factor of the positive reviews.They pay more attention to the pleasure produced by interpersonal interactions.(3)From 2014/2015 ski season to 2010/2021 ski season,the positive sentiment of beginners had no obvious change,while the negative sentiment showed a continuous downward trend,and the negative sentiment was mainly distributed among reviews on price,low temperature and service.This paper not only expands the research perspective of ski tourism,but also provides managerial inspiration for ski destinations interested in attracting beginners from the emerging ski markets.展开更多
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, the global tourism industry is facing enormous challenges. There is an urgent need to explore an effective path for tourism to recover and revitalize. With the normalizati...As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, the global tourism industry is facing enormous challenges. There is an urgent need to explore an effective path for tourism to recover and revitalize. With the normalization of the epidemic, tourism destinations will pay more attention to the prevention, warning, and coping strategies of the epidemic, and this focus will also be evident in the study of tourism destination resilience in the post-epidemic period. Some studies on the epidemic and the resilience of tourism are currently underway, but few of them are integrated with research on the resilience of tourism destinations in the post-epidemic period, although no systematic research ideas or methods have been found. Based on resilience theory, this paper summarizes the general research ideas and develops an epidemic resilience model suitable for urban tourism destinations. The present study also proposes a set of research methods based on the index system to analyze the resilience and its spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of tourism destinations in the post-epidemic period. The methodology can be divided into three stages: Firstly, construct the conceptual model and evaluation system for tourism destination resilience;Secondly, select case sites for empirical analysis, measure the resilience of tourism destinations, and analyze the characteristics of spatiotemporal differences and subsequent factors of influence;And finally, establish an adaptive management mechanism for tourism destinations to use in response to the epidemic and in guiding the formulation of post-epidemic recovery policies.展开更多
French insurance is part of a public-private partnership with the French State to compensate flood-related damages, and there is growing concern among insurers about damaging climatic events. To promote preventive act...French insurance is part of a public-private partnership with the French State to compensate flood-related damages, and there is growing concern among insurers about damaging climatic events. To promote preventive actions as well as to take them into account in flood risk assessment, insurers have recently expressed the need to develop a rating system of preventive actions. This study identified Action Programs for Flood Prevention (Programme d’Action pour la Prévention des Inondations—PAPI) as the key French public policy instrument: they provide an overview of the diversity of actions that are conducted locally at the relevant risk basin scale. A database of all intended actions in the 145 launched PAPIs was constructed and the actions were coded (88 codes). The analysis consisted of two steps: (1) We conducted an expert valuation using the Analytic Network Process and the Analytic Hierarchy Process, aiming at creating an experimental national rating system. The results show the importance of implementing an integrated strategy that particularly emphasizes land use planning and urban planning. This appears even sounder as individual actions show relatively limited effectiveness. (2) The ratings of actions were applied to each PAPI according to their implemented actions. The resulting scores for individual PAPIs, as local risk coping capacity indicators, show great variance ranging from 8 to 324 points. This confirms the need to take prevention into account in flood risk assessment.展开更多
文摘The advent of the Intemet has witnessed a revolution in the business world. One typical example is the emergence of the B2B website. The present paper looks at the B2B website, a conventionalized digital text, in terms of its communicative purposes, move features as well as linguistic specialties, with the aim of presenting the generic structure of the B2B website and its principal linguistic features contributing to the realization of its communicative purposes. It is demonstrated that the B2B website is one instance of the promotional genres and it has a lot in common with advertisement English and ＂netsneak＂ in the aspect of lexico-grammatical features.
文摘Some of the characteristics of post-modernism, such as opposition centers, denial of holism, identity, differences and uncertainties, have had a great impact on the view of education. Because the purpose of education is the starting point and end-result of education, which is related to the general orientation of education development, we have to re-examine the concept of modem educational purpose in the post-modernism thought. The author holds that compared with the modem education view, the educational purpose view of the post-modem period shows the following characteristics： Maintaining the diversification and difference of individuahty, paying attention to cultivating social consciousness and critical ability, learning to understand and respect ecological harmony.
文摘The correct individuation of the best final destination for MSW cannot ignore the option of thermal treatment, taking into account both the possibility of energy recovery and the capacity of the thermal process to destroy an important part of the pollutants that are originally present in the waste itself. In order to realize this operation, it is possible to use conventional incineration systems, but also to consider new innovative processes and technologies; among them, production of RDF （refuse derived fuel） is quite often used in process plants, and gasification of waste seems to be a promising solution. The aim of the present paper is a critical analysis of the above-mentioned solutions, not only from the operational point of view but also on the basis of the status of the art of practical applications and in consideration of the most significant results for the Italian and European situation. For the application of these technologies a specific Italian case has been considered： it consists of the correct individuation of waste management modality for final destination of wastes produced in a city located in Piedmont （north of Italy）. The results of the analysis highlight the environmental and economic convenience, for the specific considered case, of the direct combustion in incineration plant of the all amount of the wastes produced. From the considered specific example some more general conclusions can be drawn.
文摘Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare related to an achievement of an endaccording to two thoroughly different ontological and logical grounds. Secondly, it is to bring the irreducibility of the teleological to non-teleological into organic development to unprecedented light so as to show how the ontological predominance of the finality over the material necessity may be adequately expressed by a logical implication, if it is appropriately stated and well distinct from other similar logical connectives such as the material implication and the biconditional if-and-only-if.
基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019JBWB002)The Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(20ZDA067)The General Project of Humanities and Social Sciences Research of National Level(17BTY057).
文摘The skiing economy is a typical experience economy,so understanding the experience of ski tourists is essential to the development of the destination.To enrich the tourism experience research in the emerging ski market,this paper studies the 7118 online reviews of beginner skiers by selecting the main ski resorts in China as a case study.The content analysis method and sentiment analysis based on the domain lexicon and custom rules are combined to explore the perception characteristics of the beginners from the two aspects of experience dimension and experience satisfaction.Three main results were found.(1)The five main dimensions that affect the ski tourism experience of beginners are interaction perception,price perception,reputation perception,risk perception and functional perception.(2)For beginners,skiing is the primary purpose of tourism instead of being the critical factor of the positive reviews.They pay more attention to the pleasure produced by interpersonal interactions.(3)From 2014/2015 ski season to 2010/2021 ski season,the positive sentiment of beginners had no obvious change,while the negative sentiment showed a continuous downward trend,and the negative sentiment was mainly distributed among reviews on price,low temperature and service.This paper not only expands the research perspective of ski tourism,but also provides managerial inspiration for ski destinations interested in attracting beginners from the emerging ski markets.
基金The Major Project of Beijing Social Science Foundation (19ZDA11)。
文摘As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, the global tourism industry is facing enormous challenges. There is an urgent need to explore an effective path for tourism to recover and revitalize. With the normalization of the epidemic, tourism destinations will pay more attention to the prevention, warning, and coping strategies of the epidemic, and this focus will also be evident in the study of tourism destination resilience in the post-epidemic period. Some studies on the epidemic and the resilience of tourism are currently underway, but few of them are integrated with research on the resilience of tourism destinations in the post-epidemic period, although no systematic research ideas or methods have been found. Based on resilience theory, this paper summarizes the general research ideas and develops an epidemic resilience model suitable for urban tourism destinations. The present study also proposes a set of research methods based on the index system to analyze the resilience and its spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of tourism destinations in the post-epidemic period. The methodology can be divided into three stages: Firstly, construct the conceptual model and evaluation system for tourism destination resilience;Secondly, select case sites for empirical analysis, measure the resilience of tourism destinations, and analyze the characteristics of spatiotemporal differences and subsequent factors of influence;And finally, establish an adaptive management mechanism for tourism destinations to use in response to the epidemic and in guiding the formulation of post-epidemic recovery policies.
文摘French insurance is part of a public-private partnership with the French State to compensate flood-related damages, and there is growing concern among insurers about damaging climatic events. To promote preventive actions as well as to take them into account in flood risk assessment, insurers have recently expressed the need to develop a rating system of preventive actions. This study identified Action Programs for Flood Prevention (Programme d’Action pour la Prévention des Inondations—PAPI) as the key French public policy instrument: they provide an overview of the diversity of actions that are conducted locally at the relevant risk basin scale. A database of all intended actions in the 145 launched PAPIs was constructed and the actions were coded (88 codes). The analysis consisted of two steps: (1) We conducted an expert valuation using the Analytic Network Process and the Analytic Hierarchy Process, aiming at creating an experimental national rating system. The results show the importance of implementing an integrated strategy that particularly emphasizes land use planning and urban planning. This appears even sounder as individual actions show relatively limited effectiveness. (2) The ratings of actions were applied to each PAPI according to their implemented actions. The resulting scores for individual PAPIs, as local risk coping capacity indicators, show great variance ranging from 8 to 324 points. This confirms the need to take prevention into account in flood risk assessment.
