原子力显微镜相位象的理论和应用

文章讨论了原子力显微镜在轻敲模式下相位象的两类主要理论,简谐近似理论和能量理论;介绍了相位象在软材料如聚合物等表面分析研究上的应用,以及目前相位象研究的新问题。

纯相位图象的实值编码

一种用于纯相位图象加密的实值编码方法 ,待编码的纯相位图象与一个随机相位掩膜一起作傅立叶变换 ,取其实部作为编码图象。已编码的图象和随机相位掩膜的傅立叶变换相加作傅立叶反变换 ,记录反变换的光强分布 ,再通过图象灰度变换可以恢复图象。该编译码方法简单 ,编码图象是一个实值图象 。

一个新的基于分段常数水平集方法的多相位图像分割模型

在Mum ford-Shah模型和Yoon Mo Jung等提出的分割模型的基础上,利用分段常数水平集方法,提出了一个新的多相位分割模型。新模型输出一个多相位的分布图象,并可以容易地提取每个单独的相位,有一定的抗噪音能力。利用最速下降算法求解总变差最小化问题。引进了一个函数确定模型中的参数值,加速了算法的收敛速度。数值试验表明新模型有很好的分割效果且能准确地处理含T-交汇的图象。

Shear mechanical properties and frictional sliding responses of rough joint surfaces under dynamic normal displacement conditions

A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic frictional characteristics in rock joints under high normal load and strong confinement is essential for ensuring the safety of deep engineering construction and mitigating geological disasters.This study conducted shear experiments on rough rock joints under displacement-controlled dynamic normal loads,investigating the shear behaviors of joints across varying initial normal loads,normal loading frequencies,and normal loading amplitudes.Experimental results showed that the peak/valley shear force values increased with initial normal loads and normal loading frequencies but showed an initial increase followed by a decrease with normal loading amplitudes.Dynamic normal loading can either increase or decrease shear strength,while this study demonstrates that higher frequencies lead to enhanced friction.Increased initial normal loading and normal loading frequency result in a gradual decrease in joint roughness coefficient(JRC)values of joint surfaces after shearing.Positive correlations existed between frictional energy dissipation and peak shear forces,while post-shear joint surface roughness exhibited a negative correlation with peak shear forces through linear regression analysis.This study contributes to a better understanding of the sliding responses and shear mechanical characteristics of rock joints under dynamic disturbances.

Identification of Phase and Sex-related ISSR Markers of Red Alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis

Six ISSR primers are employed to display the polymorphism of different phases and sexes of red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and two of them, P1 and P3, amplified distinct band patterns. The ISSR pattern amplified by primer P1 of the female gametophyte is identical to that of tetrasporophyte, but distinct from that of male gametophyte. Of the bands produced by primer P3, one is specific to female gametophyte. Three morphologically similar fronds can be easily identified using ISSR technique. Two specific markers, SM1 andSF3, related to male gametophyte and female gametophyte, are cloned and sequenced. The homologous sequences of SM1 are found to encode a hypothetical protein. There is no homologous sequence of SF3 that can be found in GenBank.

Determination of isothermal section of Ag-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1 023 K

The isothermal section of Ag-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1023 K was determined by diffusion triple and electron probe microanalysis. The results indicate that four binary intermetallic phases of AgTi, AgTi2, AgZr and AgZr2 are found in Ag-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1 023 K. AgZr2 and AgTi2 form a continuous solid solution, namely Ag(Ti,Zr)2. Four three-phase regions: AgTi +AgZr + Ag, AgTi +AgZr + Ag (Ti, Zr)2, α-Zr +β(Ti, Zr) + Ag (Ti, Zr) 2 and α-Ti +β(Ti, Zr) + Ag (Ti, Zr)2 exist in the isothermal section. No ternary compound is observed.

Numerical Convergence of the Sinc Discrete Variable Representation for Solving Molecular Vibrational States with a Conical Intersection in Adiabatic Representation

Within the Born-Oppenheimer(BO)approximation,nuclear motions of a molecule are often envisioned to occur on an adiabatic potential energy surface(PES).However,this single PES picture should be reconsidered if a conical intersection(CI)is present,although the energy is well below the CI.The presence of the CI results in two additional terms in the nuclear Hamiltonian in the adiabatic presentation,i.e.,the diagonal BO correction(DBOC)and the geometric phase(GP),which are divergent at the CI.At the same time,there are cusps in the adiabatic PESs.Thus usually it is regarded that there is numerical difficulty in a quantum dynamics calculation for treating CI in the adiabatic representation.A popular numerical method in nuclear quantum dynamics calculations is the Sinc discrete variable representation(DVR)method.We examine the numerical accuracy of the Sinc DVR method for solving the Schrodinger equation of a two dimensional model of two electronic states with a CI in both the adiabatic and diabatic representation.The results suggest that the Sinc DVR method is capable of giving reliable results in the adiabatic representation with usual density of the grid points,without special treatment of the divergence of the DBOC and the GP.The numerical uncertainty is not worse than that after the introduction of an arbitrary vector potential for accounting the GP,whose accurate form usually is not easy to obtain.

Analysis of Contact Melting Driven by Surface Heat Flux Around a Cylinder

The contact melting of phase change material around a moving horizontal cylindrical heat source, which descended under its own weight, is investigated in this article. A melting model under constant surface heat flux is established. The analytical results for thickness and pressure distributions inside melt layer and steady melting velocity are obtained by using contact melting theory. The melting law is discussed, and compared with that of contact melting driven by temperature difference. It is found that quasi-steady melting velocity is determined by heat flux of heat source, and the variation of heat source density has less effect on melting velocity.