近年来,越来越多的研究证据提示肠道菌群与慢性心力衰竭病理生理过程可能存在相互作用。本文主要从肠道病原菌及内毒素移位、肠道细菌相关代谢产物、利用基因测序技术揭示肠道菌群紊乱以及影响肠道菌群的干预手段4个角度综述肠道菌群与...近年来,越来越多的研究证据提示肠道菌群与慢性心力衰竭病理生理过程可能存在相互作用。本文主要从肠道病原菌及内毒素移位、肠道细菌相关代谢产物、利用基因测序技术揭示肠道菌群紊乱以及影响肠道菌群的干预手段4个角度综述肠道菌群与慢性心力衰竭的相关研究进展,具体包括如下几个方面。首先,慢性心力衰竭患者可能存在"肠道内病原菌增加-肠壁血流减低、形态改变并通透性增加-内毒素移位并刺激机体炎症反应-患者死亡风险增加"这样一病理过程。其次,肠道细菌相关代谢物如氧化三甲胺、硫酸对甲酚、硫酸吲哚酚、氨以及胆汁酸与慢性心力衰竭存在关系。再次,近两年基于16S r DNA及宏基因组测序技术的研究更为直接与全面地解释了慢性心力衰竭患者存在显著的肠道菌群紊乱。最后,肠道菌群的干预手段如抗生素、益生菌以及饮食,可能影响慢性心力衰竭的严重程度或与其预后存在关联。展开更多
Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and deaths.Alcohol is known to influence nutritional status at ma...Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and deaths.Alcohol is known to influence nutritional status at many levels including nutrient intake,absorption,utilization,and excretion,and can lead to many nutritional disturbances and deficiencies.Nutrients can dramatically affect gene expression and alcohol-induced nutrient imbalance may be a major contributor to pathogenic gene expression in alcohol-induced liver disease(ALD).There is growing interest regarding epigenetic changes,including histone modifications that regulate gene expression during disease pathogenesis.Notably,modifications of core histones in the nucleosome regulate chromatin structure and DNA methylation,and control gene transcription.This review highlights the role of nutrient disturbances brought about during alcohol metabolism and their impact on epigenetic histone modifications that may contribute to ALD.The review is focused on four critical metabolites,namely,acetate,S-adenosylmethionine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and zinc that are particularly relevant to alcohol metabolism and ALD.展开更多
To investigate the status of mineral metabolism in people residing in huge regional centers of north-western and north-eastern parts of Russia by AES-IBP （atom-emission spectrometry with inductively bonded argon pla...To investigate the status of mineral metabolism in people residing in huge regional centers of north-western and north-eastern parts of Russia by AES-IBP （atom-emission spectrometry with inductively bonded argon plasma）, the content of 25 elements in hair samples of surveyed people was examined. The results of the study carried out in Russia＇s north could testify to significant deformation found in the elderly people bodies＇ element profiles. The pronounced deficit in such essential elements as Ca, Cr, Mg can be considered the common north-related profile typical for the elderly people from European and Asian north. In addition, age-related formation of all the elements＇ deficit due to their risen spending at pathologies as well as the increased need in such elements as Zn, Se, Cr, Cu, Mn. The age-related excess of arsenic proved to be typical for Magadan residents. In Anadyr, the age-related excess of lead was found, in Petrozavodsk mercury, and in Arkhangelsk--boron and aluminium.展开更多
The sponge-associated fungus Nectria sp.HLS206,which belongs to the order of Hypocreales,was isolated from the marine sponge Gelliodes carnosa collected from the South China Sea.The secondary metabolites of the fungus...The sponge-associated fungus Nectria sp.HLS206,which belongs to the order of Hypocreales,was isolated from the marine sponge Gelliodes carnosa collected from the South China Sea.The secondary metabolites of the fungus were isolated.From the solid cultures,five compounds were purified,which are chalmicrin（1）,hypocrealesate（2）,fucosterol（3）,stigmasterol（4） and β-sitosterol（5）.The structures of the 5 compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS,1D and 2D NMR spectra（COSY,HMQC and HMBC）.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first time compound 1 was isolated from the order of Hypocreales,and the spectral data of compound 2 are also firstly reported.展开更多
文摘近年来,越来越多的研究证据提示肠道菌群与慢性心力衰竭病理生理过程可能存在相互作用。本文主要从肠道病原菌及内毒素移位、肠道细菌相关代谢产物、利用基因测序技术揭示肠道菌群紊乱以及影响肠道菌群的干预手段4个角度综述肠道菌群与慢性心力衰竭的相关研究进展,具体包括如下几个方面。首先,慢性心力衰竭患者可能存在"肠道内病原菌增加-肠壁血流减低、形态改变并通透性增加-内毒素移位并刺激机体炎症反应-患者死亡风险增加"这样一病理过程。其次,肠道细菌相关代谢物如氧化三甲胺、硫酸对甲酚、硫酸吲哚酚、氨以及胆汁酸与慢性心力衰竭存在关系。再次,近两年基于16S r DNA及宏基因组测序技术的研究更为直接与全面地解释了慢性心力衰竭患者存在显著的肠道菌群紊乱。最后,肠道菌群的干预手段如抗生素、益生菌以及饮食,可能影响慢性心力衰竭的严重程度或与其预后存在关联。
基金Supported by The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism grants AA014371 (to Joshi-Barve S),AA015970 (to McClain CJ), and Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH
文摘Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and deaths.Alcohol is known to influence nutritional status at many levels including nutrient intake,absorption,utilization,and excretion,and can lead to many nutritional disturbances and deficiencies.Nutrients can dramatically affect gene expression and alcohol-induced nutrient imbalance may be a major contributor to pathogenic gene expression in alcohol-induced liver disease(ALD).There is growing interest regarding epigenetic changes,including histone modifications that regulate gene expression during disease pathogenesis.Notably,modifications of core histones in the nucleosome regulate chromatin structure and DNA methylation,and control gene transcription.This review highlights the role of nutrient disturbances brought about during alcohol metabolism and their impact on epigenetic histone modifications that may contribute to ALD.The review is focused on four critical metabolites,namely,acetate,S-adenosylmethionine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and zinc that are particularly relevant to alcohol metabolism and ALD.
文摘To investigate the status of mineral metabolism in people residing in huge regional centers of north-western and north-eastern parts of Russia by AES-IBP （atom-emission spectrometry with inductively bonded argon plasma）, the content of 25 elements in hair samples of surveyed people was examined. The results of the study carried out in Russia＇s north could testify to significant deformation found in the elderly people bodies＇ element profiles. The pronounced deficit in such essential elements as Ca, Cr, Mg can be considered the common north-related profile typical for the elderly people from European and Asian north. In addition, age-related formation of all the elements＇ deficit due to their risen spending at pathologies as well as the increased need in such elements as Zn, Se, Cr, Cu, Mn. The age-related excess of arsenic proved to be typical for Magadan residents. In Anadyr, the age-related excess of lead was found, in Petrozavodsk mercury, and in Arkhangelsk--boron and aluminium.
基金National Science and Technology Project of China(Grant No.2009ZX09301-003-4-1)
文摘The sponge-associated fungus Nectria sp.HLS206,which belongs to the order of Hypocreales,was isolated from the marine sponge Gelliodes carnosa collected from the South China Sea.The secondary metabolites of the fungus were isolated.From the solid cultures,five compounds were purified,which are chalmicrin（1）,hypocrealesate（2）,fucosterol（3）,stigmasterol（4） and β-sitosterol（5）.The structures of the 5 compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS,1D and 2D NMR spectra（COSY,HMQC and HMBC）.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first time compound 1 was isolated from the order of Hypocreales,and the spectral data of compound 2 are also firstly reported.
