This paper sets out to describe the notion of context, especially the context value from the perspective of the Relevance Theory (RT) to see that they are something essential in communication and then relates them to ...This paper sets out to describe the notion of context, especially the context value from the perspective of the Relevance Theory (RT) to see that they are something essential in communication and then relates them to listening processes. Some longer conversations from the latest TEM4 are analysed to see if they are better in testing listening abilities. Implications are drawn for teaching listening with the idea of context values and relevance awareness.展开更多
Objective： To compare the effect differences of electroacupuncture（EA） at Jiajǐ（夹脊 EX-B2） and conventional acupoints for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation（LIDH） and the factors influenced the effect duri...Objective： To compare the effect differences of electroacupuncture（EA） at Jiajǐ（夹脊 EX-B2） and conventional acupoints for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation（LIDH） and the factors influenced the effect during the way of data mining.Methods： A total of 160 patients of LIDH were randomly assigned into the EX-B2 group and the conventional acupoints group, 80 cases in each one. The patients in the EX-B2 group received EA at the symmetrical 2 acupoints of the bilateral EX-B2 on the lesion part. The patients in the conventional acupoints group received EA at the tender point of the lesion part, Zhibian（ 秩边BL54）, Huantiao（环跳 GB30）,weǐzhōng（委中BL40）, Chéngshān（承山BL57） and Fúyáng（跗阳BL59） on the affected side. The retain time of the needles is both 45 min. The treatment of the two groups is 3 times a week and for a connective 20 times. The modified Assessment Criteria for Low Lumbar Pain of Japanese Orthopedic Association（JOA）,Visual Analogue Scale（VAS） were evaluated before and after the treatment and at the 6-month follow up.Results：（1） Effective outcomes. JOA score： The JOA score of the patients in the EX-B2 group after treatment was（20.89 士 3.43）, and was（19.35 ±4.02） on the follow-up. Compared with the JOA score（12.35 ±4.42） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant higher（both P0.05）. The JOA score in the EX-B2 group after treatment and on the follow-up were both higher than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）. VAS score： The VAS score of the patients in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment was（4.09 ± 1.81）, and was（2.11 ± 1.30） after the treatment. Compared with the VAS score（4.09 ± 1.81） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant lower（both P0.05）. The VAS score in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment and after treatment showed no statistical differences than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）.（2）Related results from data mining： The middle-aged people and disease duration less than six months, their effect of the immediate treatment was the best. According to JOA score, EA at EX-B2 was better than EA conventional acupoints,either in the process of treatment effect, or in pertinence of the treatment, which were superior to EA conventional acupoints therapy; The best curative effect time of EA at EX-B2 was the first treatment after24 h, and the best curative effect of the conventional acupoints was after the first treatment. The age and disease duration also affected curative effect.Conclusion： The effect of EA at EX-B2 was superior to the conventional acupoints in treating LIDH.展开更多
Objective： The management of se- condary normal pressure hydrocephalus （sNPH） is controversial. Many factors may affect the surgery effect. The purpose of this study was to identify the possible fac- tors influenci...Objective： The management of se- condary normal pressure hydrocephalus （sNPH） is controversial. Many factors may affect the surgery effect. The purpose of this study was to identify the possible fac- tors influencing prognosis and provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of sNPH. Methods： A retrospective study was carried out to investigate the results of 31 patients with sNPH who under- went ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery from January 2007 to December 2011. We processed the potential influencing factors by univariate analysis and the result further by mul- tivariate logistic regression analysis. Results： Factors including age, disease duration and Glasgow coma scale （GCS） score before surgery significantly influenced the prognosis of sNPH （P〈0.05）. Further logistic regression analysis showed that all the three factors are independent influencing factors. Conclusion： Age, disease duration and GCS score before surgery have positive predictive value in estimating favorable response to surgical treatment for sNPH.展开更多
文摘This paper sets out to describe the notion of context, especially the context value from the perspective of the Relevance Theory (RT) to see that they are something essential in communication and then relates them to listening processes. Some longer conversations from the latest TEM4 are analysed to see if they are better in testing listening abilities. Implications are drawn for teaching listening with the idea of context values and relevance awareness.
基金Supported by Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology innovation Project:no.ZYKC201601002~~
文摘Objective： To compare the effect differences of electroacupuncture（EA） at Jiajǐ（夹脊 EX-B2） and conventional acupoints for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation（LIDH） and the factors influenced the effect during the way of data mining.Methods： A total of 160 patients of LIDH were randomly assigned into the EX-B2 group and the conventional acupoints group, 80 cases in each one. The patients in the EX-B2 group received EA at the symmetrical 2 acupoints of the bilateral EX-B2 on the lesion part. The patients in the conventional acupoints group received EA at the tender point of the lesion part, Zhibian（ 秩边BL54）, Huantiao（环跳 GB30）,weǐzhōng（委中BL40）, Chéngshān（承山BL57） and Fúyáng（跗阳BL59） on the affected side. The retain time of the needles is both 45 min. The treatment of the two groups is 3 times a week and for a connective 20 times. The modified Assessment Criteria for Low Lumbar Pain of Japanese Orthopedic Association（JOA）,Visual Analogue Scale（VAS） were evaluated before and after the treatment and at the 6-month follow up.Results：（1） Effective outcomes. JOA score： The JOA score of the patients in the EX-B2 group after treatment was（20.89 士 3.43）, and was（19.35 ±4.02） on the follow-up. Compared with the JOA score（12.35 ±4.42） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant higher（both P0.05）. The JOA score in the EX-B2 group after treatment and on the follow-up were both higher than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）. VAS score： The VAS score of the patients in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment was（4.09 ± 1.81）, and was（2.11 ± 1.30） after the treatment. Compared with the VAS score（4.09 ± 1.81） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant lower（both P0.05）. The VAS score in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment and after treatment showed no statistical differences than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）.（2）Related results from data mining： The middle-aged people and disease duration less than six months, their effect of the immediate treatment was the best. According to JOA score, EA at EX-B2 was better than EA conventional acupoints,either in the process of treatment effect, or in pertinence of the treatment, which were superior to EA conventional acupoints therapy; The best curative effect time of EA at EX-B2 was the first treatment after24 h, and the best curative effect of the conventional acupoints was after the first treatment. The age and disease duration also affected curative effect.Conclusion： The effect of EA at EX-B2 was superior to the conventional acupoints in treating LIDH.
文摘Objective： The management of se- condary normal pressure hydrocephalus （sNPH） is controversial. Many factors may affect the surgery effect. The purpose of this study was to identify the possible fac- tors influencing prognosis and provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of sNPH. Methods： A retrospective study was carried out to investigate the results of 31 patients with sNPH who under- went ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery from January 2007 to December 2011. We processed the potential influencing factors by univariate analysis and the result further by mul- tivariate logistic regression analysis. Results： Factors including age, disease duration and Glasgow coma scale （GCS） score before surgery significantly influenced the prognosis of sNPH （P〈0.05）. Further logistic regression analysis showed that all the three factors are independent influencing factors. Conclusion： Age, disease duration and GCS score before surgery have positive predictive value in estimating favorable response to surgical treatment for sNPH.
