二0二0年，中国经济与美国相匹“超英赶美”并非水中月亮

二０二０年，中国经济与美国相匹“超英赶美”并非水中月亮中国社会科学院日前发布的关于中国国民经济发展的预测表明，中国国民生产总值将在２０２０年左右接近美国同期水平。中国经济在──１９９１年到２０２０年间的增长势头强劲，速度分布是先高后低，由百分之八以上...

日本与警察权相匹敌的税务稽查权

日本与警察权相匹敌的税务稽查权朱晓庆近年来，日本的“地下经济”日趋活跃，逃税人数大大增加。为此，日本为反偷税漏税，税务人员可谓费尽心机。国税厅的稽查官们总足奔忙在“地上”经济与“地下”经济的“交界处”。税务稽查人员，分布在全日本１２个局（包括冲绳国税...

彩色片常见物体记忆色及宽容度的研究

前言 在室外的景物中,最常见的颜色是人类肤色、树叶、绿草、蓝天和土这几种颜色,人们对这些常见色的评价往往是依据他们的记忆或印象去衡量的。当被还原的颜色与人们记忆中的相匹配时,人们才感到满意,因此,所谓记忆色也往往就是优选色或喜爱色。

Using a linear array to estimate the velocity of underwater moving targets

A new method uses a linear array that takes advantage of underwater physical sound fields to estimate the velocity of an underwater moving target. The mathematical model was established by considering the geometric relationship between the moving target installed with only two transducers to radiate sound of different frequencies and the linear array. In addition, deterministic maximum likelihood and signal phase matching algorithms were introduced to effectively find the directions of arrival （DOAs） of the sound sources of the two transducers installed on the target. Factors causing velocity measurement errors were considered. To track the target, a linear array with a compass, a pressure transducer, a signal conditioner and a digital recorder was configured. Relevant requirements for the array parameters were derived. The simulation showed that a 16-element array with an aperture of less than lm can measure velocity with relative error of no more＇, than 4% when including typical system errors. Anechoic pool and reservoir experiments confirmed these results.

Theoretical study of phase-matching properties for tunable terahertz-wave generation in isotropic nonlinear crystals

Theoretical investigation of the phase-matching properties for the tunable coherent terahertz wave generation in the isotro- pic semiconductor nonlinear materials of CdTe and GaP is presented according to their optical dispersion properties, based on a pulsed dual-wavelength KTP-OPO operating near degenerate point in the process of the difference frequency mixing. The cross-Reststrahlen band dispersion compensation phase-matching technique involved in this interaction is introduced concisely. The optimum lengths of DFG crystals are decided according to the minimum coherence lengths of the crystals in the given pump wavelength ranges. The results of analysis and calculation provide the useful and necessary theoretical basis and guidance for the future experiments.

Part-level 3-D object classification with improved interpretation tree

For classifying unknown 3-D objects into a set of predetermined object classes, a part-level object classification method based on the improved interpretation tree is presented. The part-level representation is implemented, which enables a more compact shape description of 3-D objects. The proposed classification method consists of two key processing stages： the improved constrained search on an interpretation tree and the following shape similarity measure computation. By the classification method, both whole match and partial match with shape similarity ranks are achieved; especially, focus match can be accomplished, where different key parts may be labeled and all the matched models containing corresponding key parts may be obtained. A series of experiments show the effectiveness of the presented 3-D object classification method.

“猎头公司”走俏国际市场

自从1926年在美国诞生全球第一家“猎头”公司以来,“猎头”公司已经成为一个迅速发展的行业,其发展速度可与管理咨询的其他领域相匹敌。尽管“猎头”公司的业务在亚洲市场上尚未完全形成气候,但随着各商业机构纷纷涌入这片土地,对原籍亚洲的管理人员的需求也随之上升。

中国书展立足于国际图书市场——台湾出版人士谈国际书展

随着出版向国际化方向发展,海峡两岸出版业者参加国际书展日益显得更加热烈和活跃。目前比较知名的、有影响的国际书展有三个,一是全球最大的以版权交易为主的德国法兰克福书展,二是全球唯一的而且具有最大规模的意大利波伦那国际儿童书展,三是美国境内区域性的,也是全球规模的美国ABA书展。在这些大型的国际书展上,台湾出版界人士认为大陆的展区可说是最“土”的,也就是土得很有中国特色,因此吸引了大批国外同业聚集参观,说中国书展能立足于国际图书市场,与各国的书展相匹敌。

索尔蒂——银色的年轮

索尔蒂去了。1997的天年,不薄。法轮依旧。好几位乐史上必留位置的大家都上了天。库贝利克、彻里毕达凯、纽曼……如今,又轮到了索尔蒂。莫非是上天的不公?! 这就是天缘。卡拉扬’89去,人们瞩目伯恩斯坦,伯恩斯坦“坦然”于’90,人们就不由地看索尔蒂了。而索尔蒂,却依然挺拔,如故。当卡拉扬张开那老鹰般的双臂鸟瞰天下时。

Optimum Design of Impedance Simulator for Phased Array Antnnas

The impedance of a solid state active phased array antenna varing with frequency and beam scanning scanning angle be matched with the solid state active matching network (SSAMN). In order to adjust and measure the radar conveniently and Securely, it is necessary for the impedance of the simulator of the phased array antennas to be optimized.Having selected the PIN dilde controlling circuits and the circuit parameters optimized,the simulator circuit is determined through numerical computation The experiment is given in support of the simulation.

Ditroids and Transversals

Ditroid is a directed version of matroid. In this paper we investigate transversal theory of ditroids. Directed versions of Rado-Hall and Edmonds-Fulkerson theorems are obtained. Our results provide partial answers to two questions raised by L. Qi.

Hierarchical Domain Assignment BaseC on Word-Gloss

This paper proposes a hierarchical word domain assignment algorithm to automatically build domain dictionaries from Machine-Readable Dictionary(MRD).The process for word domain assignment can be divided into three steps:1) Hierarchical structure constructing;2) Classifier training;3) Word domain assigning.Compared with the traditional methods,the hierarchical word domain assignment algorithm enhances the accuracy of word domain assignment while reducing human efforts on collecting corpus.Experiments on WordNet 2.0 show that 62.53% of the first domain labels are matched with the WordNet Domains 3.0 by using gloss-based word domain assignment,and the performance can be further improved by utilizing the hierarchical relationships among the domain sets.

New delay-dependent robust stability and stabilization for uncertain T-S fuzzy time-delay systems under imperfect premise matching

To alleviate the conservativeness of the stability criterion for Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） fuzzy time-delay systems, a new delay-dependent stability criterion was proposed by introducing a new augmented Lyapunov function with an additional triple-integral term, which was firstly u3ed to derive the stability criterion for T-S fuzzy time-delay systems. By the same approach, the robust stability issue for fuzzy time-delay systems with uncertain parameters was also considered. On the other hand, in order to enhance the design flexibility, a new design approach for uncertain fuzzy time-delay systems under imperfect premise matching was also proposed, which allows the fuzzy controller to employ different membership functions from the fuzzy time-delay model. By the numerical examples, the proposed stability conditions are less conservative in the sense of getting larger allowable time-delay and obtaining smaller feedback control gains. For instance, when the allowable time-delay increases from 7.3 s to 12 s for an uncertain T-S fuzzy control system with time-delay, the norm of the feedback gains decreases from （34.299 2, 38.560 3） to （10.073 3, 11.349 0）, respectively. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the proposed design method was illustrated by the last example with the robustly stable curves of system state under the initial condition of x（0） = [3 -1].

An Approach to Unsupervised Character Classification Based on Similarity Measure in Fuzzy Model

This paper presents a fuzzy logic approach to efficiently perform unsupervised character classification for improvement in robustness, correctness and speed of a character recognition system. The characters are first split into eight typographical categories. The classification scheme uses pattern matching to classify the characters in each category into a set of fuzzy prototypes based on a nonlinear weighted similarity function. The fuzzy unsupervised character classification, which is natural in the repre...

Shape Similarity Measures of Linear Entities

The essential of feature matching technology lies in how to measure the similarity of spatial entities.Among all the possible similarity measures,the shape similarity measure is one of the most important measures because it is easy to collect the necessary parameters and it is also well matched with the human intuition.In this paper a new shape similarity measure of linear entities based on the differences of direction change along each line is presented and its effectiveness is illustrated.

Evolution of Dark Spatial Soliton in Quasi-phase-matched Quadratic Media

We theoretically investigate the evolvement of dark spatial soliton withcascading quadratic nonlinearity in quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation. It is shown thatthe dark solitary wave can propagate stably when background intensity is large enough, in whichdiffraction of beam can be balanced by the cascading quadratic nonlinearity. We also analyze theinfluence of phase-mismatch on the stabihty of dark soliton propagation.

Man, City, and Nature in The Woman Warrior and Ballad of Eternal Sorrow

In a time of the global market economy, if one wants to live harmoniously together with nature or living environment, he should not think with a theoretical mode of dualist contradiction but that of harmony and coexistence such as ＂wholeness of man and nature＂. To illustrate this point, this paper thinks The Woman Warrior and Ballad of Eternal Sorrow are two significant texts： Ballad of Eternal Sorrow tells an ordinary, self-respecting, and life-respecting story of WANG Qi-yao and the girls like her as well as the city Shanghai. They blend into one harmonious whole： The city is like the girls and the girls match the city. Likewise, The Woman Warrior highlights the significance of naturc on the girl narrator＇s epiphany and healthy growth. The narrator comes to understand that paradoxes are the basic existent condition of human beings and so what she needs to do is to be magnanimous and balanceable in accepting these paradoxes.

Leader＇s Human Capital as an Alternative for Relational Leadership

The current research attempts to revitalize contingency leadership theory. Instead of focusing on subordinate attributes as a substitute for leadership theory, this study examines leader＇s human capital attributes as a leadership contingency variable. This paper offers a fresh perspective to contingency leadership literature by exploring a new set of variables. Addressing leader-member exchange （LMX） rather than the conventional focus on leader＇s behaviors, this study examines previously untested contingency variables. Using a matched sample of leaders and employees from Portuguese firms, this study examines leader＇s education and leader＇s organizational tenure as alternatives for LMX with assessed job performance and organizational citizenship as dependent variables. Testing new independent variables sheds additional light on contingency approaches to leadership; as a result, this paper improves the current state of research on contingency leadership. Results seem to indicate that leader＇s education is an alternative for LMX as well as suggesting that the leader＇s organizational tenure improves LMX. This paper proposes that research focusing on the substitute for leadership may need to examine a different set of variables to determine the viability of contingency approaches to leadership.

Three-Wave Resonant Interaction of Bogoliubov Excitations in a Bose-EinsteinCondensate with Diffraction

We investigate the three-wave resonant interaction (TWRI) of Bogoliubov excitations in a disk-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate with the diffraction of the excitations taken into account. We show that the phase-matching condition for the TWRI can be satisfied by a suitable selection of the wavevectors and the frequencies of the three exciting modes involved in the TWRI. Using a method of multiple-scales we derive a set of nonlinearly coupled envelope equations describing the TWRI process and give some explicit solitary-wave solutions.