句素理论探微

句素理论(Tagmemics),亦称"法位学"或"序位语法",是从美国结构主义语法流派中派生而来的一个语法流派,是一种描绘音位和词汇而不考虑其语义层关系的形式语法。本文对句素理论的基本概念和分析方法进行了讨论。句素理论从纷繁复杂的语法流派中脱颖而出,丰富并完善了结构主义语法的分析方法,同时又采纳了行为主义的人类行为统一理论,从而说明了语言学在现代科学体系中的重要作用。

论比喻中的“象是式”

前些年,有的学者在传统比喻分类标准的基础上提出了新的见解。那就是:凭着本体、喻体、比喻词这三个成分的隐现,来作为划分明喻、暗喻、借喻的依据。按照这一划分标准,明喻又包括象是式和比较式.明喻的这种划分是否合用可取,修辞学界迄今尚没有展开讨论.本文拟对其中的“象是式”作一番具体而微的勘察,以期稍尽引玉之力。 按照以往的思维定势,修降书上均把用比喻词“象”之类的视为明喻,而把用比喻词“是”之类的看作暗喻.这二者的区别在于:前者是“甲如同乙”,在形式上是相类关系,而后者是“甲就是乙”,在形式上是相合关系。我们以为,这种看似“泾渭分明”的划分方法其实并不科学.

阮籍、嵇康对《乐记》美学思想的继承和发展

魏晋时期，不同的政治势力在激烈的斗争中，随着大量兼并土地、置建庄园，逐渐形成了权门势家和门阀士族。士族阶层既有非常腐朽的一面，但由于汇集了各类政治文人，又整体上带动了思想文化上的解放，成为魏晋玄学的倡导者。社会性的玄学理性思潮和佛教哲学观念给审美意识...

Edge detection in the potential field using the correlation coefficients of multidirectional standard deviations

Most edge-detection methods rely on calculating gradient derivatives of the potential field, a process that is easily affected by noise and is therefore of low stability. We propose a new edge-detection method named correlation coefficient of multidirectional standard deviations（CCMS） that is solely based on statistics. First, we prove the reliability of the proposed method using a single model and then a combination of models. The proposed method is evaluated by comparing the results with those obtained by other edge-detection methods. The CCMS method offers outstanding recognition, retains the sharpness of details, and has low sensitivity to noise. We also applied the CCMS method to Bouguer anomaly data of a potash deposit in Laos. The applicability of the CCMS method is shown by comparing the inferred tectonic framework to that inferred from remote sensing（RS） data.

Modeling heap biooxidation of arsenic-bearing gold ore

To design heap biooxidation process,it is necessary to understand its internal rules.The heap biooxidation of gold ore from Anhui province was researched in this study.The results showed that the main microorganisms in the heap were A.ferrooxidans,F.acidiphilum and L.ferrodiazotrophum.Under their combined action,gold leaching extent rose from 35.62%to 78.08%in 80 d.Boltzmann model matches the actual oxidation effect better and the model equations were obtained.The model predicted that the oxidation extents of arsenic and sulfur are 58.577%and 42.122%after one year,and the gold leaching extent was 80.40%.The arsenic and sulfur oxidation extents,and gold leaching extent were all linearly correlated.It is more reliable to predict gold leaching extent by sulfur oxidation extent.These results provided good guidance for practical application in the actual production.

Nucleation interface of Al-Sb alloys on single crystal Al_2O_3 substrate

Lattice structure information of heterogeneous nucleation at nucleation interface was present.The crystal orientation,and interfacial structure characteristic of liquid Al alloys nucleated on the basal surface(0001)Al2O3single crystal substrate were identified by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)analysis.The preferred crystal orientations of pure Al and Al-1%Sb(mass fraction)alloy adjacent to the nucleation interface were examined as(200)and(220)planes of Al,respectively,and two corresponding orientation relationships were obtained.An improved nucleation efficiency and refined grains were attributed to both the reduced interplanar spacing of preferred orientation and the decrease of lattice misfit from16.4%to7.0%in Al-1%Sb/Al2O3nucleation group.

Correlation of Critical Loci for Water-Hydrocarbon Binary Systems by EOS Based on the Multi-Fluid Nonrandom Lattice Theory

Quantitative representation of complicated behavior of fluid mixtures in the critical region by any of equation-of-state theories re-mains as a difficult thermodynamic topics to date. In the present work, a computational efforts were made for representing various types of critical loci of binary water with hydrocarbon systems showing Type II and Type III phase behavior by an elementary equation of state [called multi-fluid nonrandom lattice fluid EOS (MF-NLF EOS)] based on the lattice statistical mechanical theory. The model EOS requires two mo-lecular parameters which representing molecular size and interaction energy for a pure component and single adjustable interaction energy pa-rameter for binary mixtures. Critical temperature and pressure data were used to obtain molecular size parameter and vapor pressure data were used to obtain interaction energy parameter. The MF-NLF EOS model adapted in the present study correlated quantitatively well the critical loci of various binary water with hydrocarbon systems.

Affective and Interpersonal Correlates of Relationship Satisfaction

Healthy relationships are important to functioning in daily life and across the life-span （e.g., Burman and Margolin 1992）. Personality factors could predict relationship satisfaction through the influence of individuals＇ relationship schemas （Fiske and Taylor 1991） and perceptions of their partners （Simpson and Rholes 1998）. Given the potential importance of attachment styles to relationship mechanisms and the well-established relationship between attachment and interpersonal behavior （Bartholomew and Horowitz 1992; Hazan and Shaver 1987）, interpersonal traits may influence relationship satisfaction directly. According to Leary＇s （1957） interpersonal reflex theory, any interpersonal act elicits responses from the other person that verify, validate, or otherwise reinforce the actor＇s own self-image and self-presentation, and thus increase the probability that the actor will emit similar interpersonal acts in future interactions. The Impact Message Inventory （IMI） attempts to measure individuals＇ perceptions of how others impact them by evoking interpersonal acts such as dominance and affiliation. This study examined the influence of perceived partner-evoked behavior and individuals＇ own interpersonal styles on relationship satisfaction. This study used IMI measures of evoked Dominance and Affiliation as well as revised Liking and Loving measures to predict relationship satisfaction using three different satisfaction outcome measures. The final analyses included 291 participants （134 men and 157 women） who completed a scantron survey. Partner impact, or the interpersonal behaviors, evoked from the individual during interaction, predicted relationship satisfaction well. Evoked affiliation was the most consistently strong predictor of satisfaction across all three outcome measures. Liking （distinct here from affiliation） is a stronger predictor of relationship satisfaction than is loving （distinct here from passion）, and it is significant across all three outcome measures. The liking measure appears to reflect a relatively high level of reward in the relationship and intrinsic enjoyment of the partner＇s company without the comparative cost of loving. Future research should examine interactions between couples, moving beyond intrapsychic self-reports of perceived experiences and feelings, although these are important in their own right.

Correlation between acne and Northwest dryness syndrome in Xinjiang autonomous region of China

OBJECTIVE： To analyze the correlation between ac- he and Northwest dryness syndrome in the Xinji- ang region to provide an epidemiological founda- tion for the prevention and treatment of acne in the region. METHODS： The correlations among acne, clinical syndromes of Northwest dryness syndrome, and Northwest dryness syndrome were evaluated using the syndrome fitness index and canonical correla- tion analysis. RESULTS： The ache group had a Northwest drynesssyndrome rate of 24.13%, and the control group 10.34% （χ2=7.733, P〈0.01）. There was no significant difference in the fitness index for acne and for the sub-syndromes of Northwest dryness syndrome （P〉 0.05）. The first canonical correlation coefficient was 0.5656 （P〈0.01）. The acne-dependent variable group had the largest damp-heat syndrome load （0.8709）, and the independent variable had the largest lung-heart-spleen pyretic dryness load （0.6766）. CONCLUSION： Northwest dryness syndrome is a risk factor for ache in the Xinjiang region. Exoge- nous dryness and endogenous damp are frequent- ly seen as subsyndromes in Northwest dryness syn- drome in acne patients in the region. Acne was cor- related with the damp-heat and lung-heart-spleen pyretic dryness sub-syndromes of Northwest dry- ness syndrome.

A general thermodynamic analysis and treatment of phases and components in the analysis of phase assemblages in multicomponent systems

Systematic thermodynamic analysis reveals that an essential condition for the thermodynamically valid chemographic projec-tions proposed by Greenwood is completely excessive.In other words,the phases or components from which the projection is made need not be pure,nor have their chemical potentials fixed over the whole chemographic diagram.To facilitate the analy-sis of phase assemblages in multicomponent systems,all phases and components in the system are divided into internal and external ones in terms of their thermodynamic features and roles,where the external phases are those common to all assem-blages in the system,and the external components include excess components and the components whose chemical potentials(or relevant intensive properties of components) are used to define the thermodynamic conditions of the system.This general classification overcomes the difficulties and defects in the previous classifications,and is easier to use than the previous ones.According to the above classification,the phase rule is transformed into a new form.This leads to two findings:(1) the degree of freedom of the system under the given conditions is only determined by the internal components and phases;(2) different external phases can be identified conveniently according to the conditions of the system before knowing the real phase rela-tions.Based on the above results,a simple but general approach is proposed for the treatment of phases and components:all external phases and components can be eliminated from the system without affecting the phase relations,where the external components can be eliminated by appropriate chemographic projections.The projections have no restriction on the states of the phases or the chemical potentials of components from which the projections are made.The present work can give a unified ex-planation of the previous treatments of phases and components in the analysis of phase assemblages under various specific conditions.It helps to avoid potential misunderstandings or errors in the topological analysis of phase relations.

Estimation on Geometric Measure of Quantum Coherence

We study the geometric measure of quantum coherence recently proposed in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115(2015)020403]. Both lower and upper bounds of this measure are provided. These bounds are shown to be tight for a class of important coherent states—maximally coherent mixed states. The trade-off relation between quantum coherence and mixedness for this measure is also discussed.