背景与目的:肿瘤部位的精准放疗取决于治疗靶区精准的剂量分布,探究使用不同计算机体层成像值-相对电子密度(computed tomography value to the relative electron density,CT-RED)校准曲线对计算各部位肿瘤剂量分布的影响,同时探索拟...背景与目的:肿瘤部位的精准放疗取决于治疗靶区精准的剂量分布,探究使用不同计算机体层成像值-相对电子密度(computed tomography value to the relative electron density,CT-RED)校准曲线对计算各部位肿瘤剂量分布的影响,同时探索拟合一条CT-RED校准曲线的方法。方法:使用复旦大学附属肿瘤医院的两台CT定位机分别对CIRS-062型电子密度模体扫描,获得两组不同部位(头、胸、腹)临床扫描协议的CT-RED校准曲线,并综合各曲线优化出一条改良CT-RED曲线。使用原始及改良CT-RED曲线在治疗计划系统(treatment planning system,TPS)中分别计算各病例计划靶区(planning target volume,PTV)(鼻咽癌、肺癌和宫颈癌各16例)和危及器官(organ at risk,OAR)的剂量分布。最后在各肿瘤中选取5例来验证改良CT-RED曲线的可行性。结果:采用不同校准曲线计算出的剂量在腹部和头颈部中差异较小(<1.00%和<1.13%),但在肺部低密度区域有较大差异(2.50%);使用改良CT-RED曲线与标准CT-RED曲线分别计算头、胸和腹部肿瘤获得的剂量分布无显著差异(<1.00%)。结论:计算不同部位肿瘤的剂量分布应选取对应的CT-RED校准曲线。在具有多台CT定位机的中心也可选择改良CT-RED校准曲线方案以降低选错校准曲线的潜在风险。展开更多
The natural regeneration of the tree species in pure natural forest stand and enrichment plantations of Baraitali Forest of Chittagong (South) Forest Division, Bangladesh was studied by stratified random quadrat metho...The natural regeneration of the tree species in pure natural forest stand and enrichment plantations of Baraitali Forest of Chittagong (South) Forest Division, Bangladesh was studied by stratified random quadrat method during April 2002 to November 2002. Totally 100 plots of 3 m X 3 m in size represents a total of 64 regenerating tree species from natural forest with an average seedlings of 24767/hm2, while only 40 regenerating tree species were recorded from enrichment plan-tations with an average seedlings of 18633/hm2. Maximum regeneration in natural forest was found with Castanopsis spp. (2200 seedlings/hm2) followed by Glochidion lanceolarium (2183 /hm2) whereas, in enrichment plantations maximum regen-eration was found with Dipterocarpus gracilis (2117/hm2) followed by Anogeissus acuminata (2000/hm2). For natural forest, highest relative density was found for Castanopsis spp (8.88%), relative frequency for Glochidion lanceolarium (7.36%), rela-tive abundance for Syzygium spp. (3.79%) and Importance Value Index were recorded with Glochidion lanceolarium (18.24%). The corresponding values for enrichment plantations were highest with Dipterocarpus gracilis (11.36%), Glochidion lanceo-larium (9.71%), Dipterocarpus gracilis (5.92%), Glochidion lanceolarium (23.32%) respectively. Stem per hectare of some common trees with their seedlings and saplings in both the natural stands and enrichment plantations showed that only Dip-terocarpus gracilis successfully recruited in both sites but recruitment was higher in natural forest. Like many other primary rain forests, the Baraitoli forest typically has both substantial seedlings and soil seed bank from which regeneration may occur. The naturally regenerated seedlings are quite dense but it could not reach the pole stage due to human interference.展开更多
文摘背景与目的:肿瘤部位的精准放疗取决于治疗靶区精准的剂量分布,探究使用不同计算机体层成像值-相对电子密度(computed tomography value to the relative electron density,CT-RED)校准曲线对计算各部位肿瘤剂量分布的影响,同时探索拟合一条CT-RED校准曲线的方法。方法:使用复旦大学附属肿瘤医院的两台CT定位机分别对CIRS-062型电子密度模体扫描,获得两组不同部位(头、胸、腹)临床扫描协议的CT-RED校准曲线,并综合各曲线优化出一条改良CT-RED曲线。使用原始及改良CT-RED曲线在治疗计划系统(treatment planning system,TPS)中分别计算各病例计划靶区(planning target volume,PTV)(鼻咽癌、肺癌和宫颈癌各16例)和危及器官(organ at risk,OAR)的剂量分布。最后在各肿瘤中选取5例来验证改良CT-RED曲线的可行性。结果:采用不同校准曲线计算出的剂量在腹部和头颈部中差异较小(<1.00%和<1.13%),但在肺部低密度区域有较大差异(2.50%);使用改良CT-RED曲线与标准CT-RED曲线分别计算头、胸和腹部肿瘤获得的剂量分布无显著差异(<1.00%)。结论:计算不同部位肿瘤的剂量分布应选取对应的CT-RED校准曲线。在具有多台CT定位机的中心也可选择改良CT-RED校准曲线方案以降低选错校准曲线的潜在风险。
文摘The natural regeneration of the tree species in pure natural forest stand and enrichment plantations of Baraitali Forest of Chittagong (South) Forest Division, Bangladesh was studied by stratified random quadrat method during April 2002 to November 2002. Totally 100 plots of 3 m X 3 m in size represents a total of 64 regenerating tree species from natural forest with an average seedlings of 24767/hm2, while only 40 regenerating tree species were recorded from enrichment plan-tations with an average seedlings of 18633/hm2. Maximum regeneration in natural forest was found with Castanopsis spp. (2200 seedlings/hm2) followed by Glochidion lanceolarium (2183 /hm2) whereas, in enrichment plantations maximum regen-eration was found with Dipterocarpus gracilis (2117/hm2) followed by Anogeissus acuminata (2000/hm2). For natural forest, highest relative density was found for Castanopsis spp (8.88%), relative frequency for Glochidion lanceolarium (7.36%), rela-tive abundance for Syzygium spp. (3.79%) and Importance Value Index were recorded with Glochidion lanceolarium (18.24%). The corresponding values for enrichment plantations were highest with Dipterocarpus gracilis (11.36%), Glochidion lanceo-larium (9.71%), Dipterocarpus gracilis (5.92%), Glochidion lanceolarium (23.32%) respectively. Stem per hectare of some common trees with their seedlings and saplings in both the natural stands and enrichment plantations showed that only Dip-terocarpus gracilis successfully recruited in both sites but recruitment was higher in natural forest. Like many other primary rain forests, the Baraitoli forest typically has both substantial seedlings and soil seed bank from which regeneration may occur. The naturally regenerated seedlings are quite dense but it could not reach the pole stage due to human interference.
