The purpose of research study was to develop a theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning environment because it is a new dimension in the field of education. Developing a theoretica...The purpose of research study was to develop a theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning environment because it is a new dimension in the field of education. Developing a theoretical relativistic framework for any research study is first and prime step in walking on the track to reach the distinction set by the researcher. Open and flexible learning is a new trend in education, enriched with ICT-use as a basic demand of the 21st century generation in all parts of the globe. So, it requires a theoretical framework for its initiation, implementation, development and evaluation which is relatively developed and advanced from the existing framework. In any research study the literature review is carried out in order to develop, build or construct a theoretical framework. The researcher of the study has observed while attending the international conference on ODL （AAOU, 2013） that most of the studies require theoretical underpinning for ICT-use in education. The researcher assume that being a new trend in education to use ICT for teaching learning purpose; it requires conceptual clarity and theoretical background of the user and researcher, because, without theory the practice is wastage of money, time and energy and it becomes ineffective and requires relatively new conceptual development. So, the problem stated by the researcher for the study was： Developing theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning： A new trend in educational research. The objective of the study was integrating the interrelated concepts to build a pnemonological network for identifying the constructs in ICT-rich open and flexible learning environment. The study was significant because it provided theoretical background for conducting research in ICT-use for teaching and learning through open and flexible systems; whether blended or online learning and training. The methodology used by the researcher was qualitative and interpretive because there were reviewing of literature and meta-analysis for building the framework. The data were analyzed and interpreted by the researcher for the findings and drawing conclusions. On the basis of conclusions the researcher has made suggestions and recommendations for conducting research in open and flexible learning environment by using this theoretical relativistic framework. The framework was named as Virtual Learning Environment Framework （VLEF）.展开更多
The consequence of the wave-particle duality is a pointer to the fact that everything in the universe, including light and gravity, can be described in terms of particles. These particles have a property called spin. ...The consequence of the wave-particle duality is a pointer to the fact that everything in the universe, including light and gravity, can be described in terms of particles. These particles have a property called spin. What the spin of a particle really tells us is what the particle looks like from different directions, in other words it is nothing more than a geometrical property. The motivation for this work stems from the fact that geometry has always played a fundamental role in physics, macroscopic and microscopic, relativistic and non-relativistic. Our belief is that if a GUT （Grand Unified Theory） is to be established at all, then geometry must be the common thread connecting all the different aspects of the already known theories. We propose a new way to visualize the concept of four-dimensional space-time in simple geometrical terms. It is observed that our time frame becomes curved, just as the space-frame, in the presence of a massive gravitating body. Specifically, in the event horizon of a black hole, where time seems to grind to a halt for external observers, the time frame appears to curve in on itself, forming an imaginary loop. This results in extreme time dilation, due to the strong gravitational field. Finally we adopt a descriptive view of a GUT called Quantum Necklace GUT which attempts to connect gravity together the other three fundamental forces of nature, namely the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions.展开更多
文摘The purpose of research study was to develop a theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning environment because it is a new dimension in the field of education. Developing a theoretical relativistic framework for any research study is first and prime step in walking on the track to reach the distinction set by the researcher. Open and flexible learning is a new trend in education, enriched with ICT-use as a basic demand of the 21st century generation in all parts of the globe. So, it requires a theoretical framework for its initiation, implementation, development and evaluation which is relatively developed and advanced from the existing framework. In any research study the literature review is carried out in order to develop, build or construct a theoretical framework. The researcher of the study has observed while attending the international conference on ODL （AAOU, 2013） that most of the studies require theoretical underpinning for ICT-use in education. The researcher assume that being a new trend in education to use ICT for teaching learning purpose; it requires conceptual clarity and theoretical background of the user and researcher, because, without theory the practice is wastage of money, time and energy and it becomes ineffective and requires relatively new conceptual development. So, the problem stated by the researcher for the study was： Developing theoretical relativistic framework for research in open and flexible learning： A new trend in educational research. The objective of the study was integrating the interrelated concepts to build a pnemonological network for identifying the constructs in ICT-rich open and flexible learning environment. The study was significant because it provided theoretical background for conducting research in ICT-use for teaching and learning through open and flexible systems; whether blended or online learning and training. The methodology used by the researcher was qualitative and interpretive because there were reviewing of literature and meta-analysis for building the framework. The data were analyzed and interpreted by the researcher for the findings and drawing conclusions. On the basis of conclusions the researcher has made suggestions and recommendations for conducting research in open and flexible learning environment by using this theoretical relativistic framework. The framework was named as Virtual Learning Environment Framework （VLEF）.
文摘The consequence of the wave-particle duality is a pointer to the fact that everything in the universe, including light and gravity, can be described in terms of particles. These particles have a property called spin. What the spin of a particle really tells us is what the particle looks like from different directions, in other words it is nothing more than a geometrical property. The motivation for this work stems from the fact that geometry has always played a fundamental role in physics, macroscopic and microscopic, relativistic and non-relativistic. Our belief is that if a GUT （Grand Unified Theory） is to be established at all, then geometry must be the common thread connecting all the different aspects of the already known theories. We propose a new way to visualize the concept of four-dimensional space-time in simple geometrical terms. It is observed that our time frame becomes curved, just as the space-frame, in the presence of a massive gravitating body. Specifically, in the event horizon of a black hole, where time seems to grind to a halt for external observers, the time frame appears to curve in on itself, forming an imaginary loop. This results in extreme time dilation, due to the strong gravitational field. Finally we adopt a descriptive view of a GUT called Quantum Necklace GUT which attempts to connect gravity together the other three fundamental forces of nature, namely the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions.
