论王念孙《读书杂志》的“义不相属”

"义不相属"是王念孙《读书杂志》的训诂、校勘理据,为其首创。"义不相属"说与今之搭配理论近似。王念孙运用"义不相属"理论,为古籍疑难字词的训释和校雠做出了突出的贡献,然百密难免一疏,间或有失误。

联结说的相属原则与其在语言学习中的运用

桑代克和他的联结说在学习和教育领域颇有成就。此文立足他的学习理论，对其中的学习原则之一：相属性的研究方法加以运用，了解外语教育过程中的心理活动规律，开发有效的教育方法。

陈那正因具备宗因法相属关系探析

陈那是古印度六大论师之一,是佛教量论因明传承的鼻祖。正因具备宗因法相属关系也是陈那所著《集量论》的重要内容之一。文章从正因具备宗因法相属关系为切入点,探讨了《集量论》中的真因应具备因三相,以及法称等后世因明论师如何继承和发扬陈那论师的学术思想的贡献。

因明与社会--藏传因明摄类学中的“相违与相属”

藏传因明是中华民族逻辑文化的重要组成部分,摄类学是藏传因明的理论基石。文章运用马克思主义辩证法理论,对摄类学中“相违与相属”概念界定和辩证关系进行了进一步的阐释和剖析,认为藏传因明摄类学逻辑思维对研究当今社会问题仍有借鉴和应用意义。

Regulating crystal phase of TiO_(2) to enhance catalytic activity of Ni/TiO_(2) for solar-driven dry reforming of methane

Ni/TiO_(2) catalyst is widely employed for photo-driven DRM reaction while the influence of crystal structure of TiO_(2) remains unclear.In this work,the rutile/anatase ratio in supports was successfully controlled by varying the calcination temperature of anatase-TiO_(2).Structural characterizations revealed that a distinct TiO_(x) coating on the Ni nanoparticles(NPs)was evident for Ni/TiO_(2)-700 catalyst due to strong metal-support interaction.It is observed that the TiOx overlayer gradually disappeared as the ratio of rutile/anatase increased,thereby enhancing the exposure of Ni active sites.The exposed Ni sites enhanced visible light absorption and boosted the dissociation capability of CH4,which led to the much elevated catalytic activity for Ni/TiO_(2)-950 in which rutile dominated.Therefore,the catalytic activity of solar-driven DRM reaction was significantly influenced by the rutile/anatase ratio.Ni/TiO_(2)-950,characterized by a predominant rutile phase,exhibited the highest DRM reactivity,with remarkable H_(2) and CO production rates reaching as high as 87.4 and 220.2 mmol/(g·h),respectively.These rates were approximately 257 and 130 times higher,respectively,compared to those obtained on Ni/TiO_(2)-700 with anatase.This study suggests that the optimization of crystal structure of TiO_(2) support can effectively enhance the performance of photothermal DRM reaction.

First-Principles Insights into Pt_(n)/ZnO(0001)Catalyst:Regulation of Metal-Support Interaction through Surface Polarity

Polar surfaces are prevalent in metal oxides,the interactions between surface species with polar surfaces are different from those with non-polar surfaces,a thorough understanding of the interactions is key to regulate the performance of heterogeneous catalysts.In this work,we delve into the interaction of Pt_(n)(n=1-4)with polar ZnO(0001)-Zn and ZnO(0001)-O,and the influence of the surface polarity on the electronic structures and reactivity of Pt_(n)by using density functional theory calculations.The results suggest distinct differences in electronic structures of two exposed terminations,leading to different interactions with Pt_(n).The interaction between Pt_(n)and two terminations not only stabilizes the surface and clusters through polar compensation,but also induces opposite charges on the cluster at two terminations.Remarkably,the Pearson correlation coefficient reveals the interdependency between the electronic states of Pt_(n)and its performance in terms of small molecule adsorption/activation.These observations demonstrate the crucial role of surface polarity in regulating the electronic states and catalytic performance of active sites,and offer a possible design principle for supported catalysts.

Advances in the studies of the supported ruthenium catalysts for CO_(2) methanation

CO_(2) methanation has a potential in the large-scale utilization of carbon dioxide.It has also been considered to be useful for the renewable energy storage.The commercial pipeline for natural gas transportation can be directly applied for the methane product of CO_(2) methanation.The supported ruthenium(Ru)catalyst has been confirmed to be active and stable for CO_(2) methanation with its high ability in the dissociation of hydrogen and the strong binding of carbon monoxide.CO_(2) methanation over the supported Ru catalyst is structure sensitive.The size of the Ru catalyst and the support have significant effects on the activity and the mechanism.A significant challenge re-mained is the structural controllable preparation of the supported Ru catalyst toward a sufficiently high low-temperature activity.In this review,the recent progresses in the investigations of the supported Ru catalysts for CO_(2) methanation are summarized.The challenges and the future devel-opments are also discussed.

关于刘三与苏曼殊的两组唱和诗

本文依据有关史料,对清末民初著名诗人刘三与苏曼殊的四首佳作的唱和关系进行合理的分析和推断,展示这些作品的创作背景、丰富内涵、精妙技巧和内在联系,进而澄清长期以来对这些作品的误解和歧见。

Coal-based reduction mechanism of low-grade laterite ore

A low-grade nickel laterite ore was reduced at different reduction temperatures. The morphology of metallic particles was investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. Experimental results indicate that the metallic nickel and iron gradually assemble and grow into larger spherical particles with increasing temperature and prolonging time. After reduction, the nickel laterite ore obviously changes into two parts of Fe-Ni metallic particles and slag matrix. An obvious relationship is found between the reduction of iron magnesium olivine and its crystal chemical properties. The nickel and iron oxides are reduced to metallic by reductant, and the lattice of olivine is destroyed. The entire reduction process is comprised of oxide reduction and metallic phase growth.

Intermetallic phase evolution of 5059 aluminum alloy during homogenization

Intermetallic phase evolution of 5059 aluminum alloy during homogenization was investigated by means of optical microscopy （OM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD）. The results show that severe dendritic segregation exists in as-cast alloy. The dissolvable intermetallic phases in as-cast alloy consist of Zn-and Cu-rich non-equilibriumβ（Al3Mg2） phase, Fe-rich eutectic Al6Mn phase and equilibrium Mg2Si phase. During the homogenization, Zn- and Cu-rich non-equilibrium β （Al3Mg2） phase, Fe-rich eutectic Al6Mn phase and equilibrium Mg2Si gradually dissolve into matrix. Fine dispersed β（Al3Mg2） particles and rod-shaped Al6Mn particles form in the Al matrix after homogenization. The proper homogenization processing is at 450 °C for 24 h, which is consistent with the results of homogenizing kinetic analysis.

Effect of Fe and Mo additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of TiAl intermetallics

The ductility of TiAl intermetallics can be improved through stabilizing the ductile β phase.New β-stabilized Ti-45Al-xFe-yMo（x,y=1,2,3,4） alloys were designed through adding the β stabilizing elements Fe and Mo.The microstructural evolution and deformation behavior of the Ti-45Al-xFe-yMo alloys were investigated.The results show that the amount of β（B2） phase is increased with the increase of alloying elements.Mo shows a higher capability for stabilizing the β phase than Fe.In the optimized Ti-45Al-3Fe-2Mo alloy,the grains are significantly refined to about 12 μm,and this alloy shows a very good hot ductility at the elevated temperature.

Criterion of gas and solid dual-phase flow atomization crash in molten metal

A self-invented atomization process, in which molten metal is atomized into powder by a high-velocity gas stream carrying solid particles as the atomization medium, was introduced. The characteristics of powders prepared by common gas atomization and dual-phase flow atomization under similar conditions were compared. The experimental results show that the dual-phase flow-atomized powders have average particle sizes that are one-half that of the common gas-atomized particles;additionally, they possess a finer microstructure and higher cooling rate under the same atomization gas pressure and the same gas flow. The Weber number in the crash criteria of liquid atomization is adopted to measure the crash ability of the atomization media. The Weber number of the dual-phase flow atomization medium is the sum of that of the gas and the solid particles. Furthermore, the critical equation of the crash model in dual-phase flow atomization is established, and the main regularities associated with this process were analyzed.

Phase equilibria in Co-rich region of Co-Ti-Ta system

The phase equilibria in Co-rich region of Co-Ti-Ta system were studied.The microstructure and XRD analysis together with EDS determination show that L12 type Co3Ti phase and Laves_C36_Co3Ta phase get equilibrium with α-Co phase from 1 000 to 1 200 ℃.The Co3Ti phase possesses a solubility of Ta higher than 10%,and the addition of Ta stabilizes the Co3Ti phase.The isothermal sections of the Co-Ti-Ta system in the Co-rich region at 1 000,1 100 and 1 200 ℃ were constructed according to the result.

WC-Ni_3Al-B composites prepared through Ni+Al elemental powder route

In order to develop the liquid phase sintering process of WC-Ni3Al-B composites,the preparation process of WC＋Ni3Al prealloyed powder by reaction synthesis of carbonyl Ni,analytical purity Al and coarse WC powders was investigated.DSC and XRD were adopted to study the procedure of phase transformation for the 3Ni＋Al and 70%WC＋（3Ni＋Al） mixed powders in temperature ranges of 550-1200 °C and 25-1400 °C,respectively.The results demonstrate that the formation mechanism of Ni3Al depends on the reaction temperature.Besides WC phase,there exist Ni2Al3,NiAl and Ni3Al intermetallics in the powder mixture after heat treatment at 200-660 °C,while only NiAl and Ni3Al exist at 660-1100 °C.Homogeneous WC＋Ni3Al powder mixture can be obtained in the temperature range of 1100-1200 °C.The WC-30%（Ni3Al-B） composites prepared from the mixed powders by conventional powder metallurgy technology show nearly full density and the shape of WC is round.WC-30%（Ni3Al-B） composites exhibit higher hardness of 9.7 GPa,inferior bending strength of 1800 MPa and similar fracture toughness of 18 MPa-m1/2 compared with commercial cemented carbides YGR45（WC-30%（Co-Ni-Cr））.

Alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function and equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of AuCu_3-type sublattice system

Taking AuCu3-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented: First, the third barrier hindering the progress in metal materials science is that researchers have got used to recognizing experimental phenomena of alloy phase transitions during extremely slow variation in temperature by equilibrium thinking mode and then taking erroneous knowledge of experimental phenomena as selected information for establishing Gibbs energy function and so-called equilibrium phase diagram. Second, the equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of AuCu3-type sublattice system may be used to describe systematic correlativity of the composition?temperature-dependent alloy gene arranging structures and complete thermodynamic properties, and to be a standard for studying experimental subequilibrium order-disorder transition. Third, the equilibrium transition of each alloy is a homogeneous single-phase rather than a heterogeneous two-phase, and there exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region of the ordered and disordered phases; the composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from the ones of the critical point of the AuCu3 compound.

Alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function and equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of Au_3Cu-type sublattice system

Taking Au3Cu-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented. First, the fourth barrier to hinder the progress of metal materials science is that today’s researchers do not understand that the Gibbs energy function of an alloy phase should be derived from Gibbs energy partition function constructed of alloy gene sequence and their Gibbs energy sequence. Second, the six rules for establishing alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function have been discovered, and it has been specially proved that the probabilities of structure units occupied at the Gibbs energy levels in the degeneracy factor for calculating configuration entropy should be degenerated as ones of component atoms occupied at the lattice points. Third, the main characteristics unexpected by today’s researchers are as follows. There exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region coexisting by the ordered and disordered phases. The composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from those of the critical point of the Au3Cu compound; At 0 K, the composition of the lowest point on the composition-dependent Gibbs energy curve is notably deviated from that of the Au3Cu compounds. The theoretical limit composition range of long range ordered Au3Cu-type alloys is determined by the first jumping order degree.

Holographic alloy positioning design system and holographic network phase diagrams of Au-Cu system

Taking Au?Cu system as an example, three discoveries and two methods were presented. First, a new way for boosting sustainable progress of systematic metal materials science (SMMS) and alloy gene engineering (AGE) is to establish holographic alloy positioning design (HAPD) system, of which the base consists of measurement and calculation center, SMMS center, AGE center, HAPD information center and HAPD cybernation center; Second, the resonance activating-sychro alternating mechanism of atom movement may be divided into the located and oriented diffuse modes; Third, the equilibrium and subequilibrium holographic network phase diagrams are blueprints and operable platform for researchers to discover, design, manufacture and deploy advanced alloys, which are obtained respectively by the equilibrium lever numerical method and cross point numerical method of isothermal Gibbs energy curves. As clicking each network point, the holographic information of three structure levels for the designed alloy may be readily obtained: the phase constitution and fraction, phase arranging structure and properties of organization; the composition, alloy gene arranging structure and properties of each phase and the electronic structures and properties of alloy genes. It will create a new era for network designing advanced alloys.

Long memory of price-volume correlation in metal futures market based on fractal features

An empirical test on long memory between price and trading volume of China metals futures market was given with MF-DCCA method. The empirical results show that long memory feature with a certain period exists in price-volume correlation and a fittther proof was given by analyzing the source of multifractal feature. The empirical results suggest that it is of important practical significance to bring the fractal market theory and other nonlinear theory into the analysis and explanation of the behavior in metal futures market.

A High-Performance Silicon Electro-Optic Phase Modulator with a Triple MOS Capacitor

We propose and analyze a novel Si-based electro-optic modulator with an improved metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitor configuration integrated into silicon-on-insulator （SOl）. Three gate-oxide layers embedded in the silicon waveguide constitute a triple MOS capacitor structure, which boosts the modulation efficiency compared with a single MOS capacitor. The simulation results demonstrate that the Vπ Lπ product is 2. 4V · cm. The rise time and fall time of the proposed device are calculated to be 80 and 40ps from the transient response curve, respectively,indicating a bandwidth of 8GHz. The phase shift efficiency and bandwidth can be enhanced by rib width scaling.

STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF LIPS AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES IN THE CYPRINID GENUS Parasinilabeo

The comparative morphology of the lips and associated structures is studied among Parasinilabeo and its taxonomically related groups. On the basis of the morphological features of the lips and associated structures, Parasinilabeo is proposed to be closely associated with Pseudogyrinocheilus and Semilabeo ;and four typical mouth patterns are identifled among Parasinilabeo and its taxonomically related groups.