基于相序差动电流特征差异的换流变压器匝间保护优化研究

针对实际特高压换流变压器匝间短路故障时的二次谐波制动判据持续闭锁导致差动保护动作速度较慢的问题,该文详细分析特高压换流变匝间短路故障时的保护动作行为,通过理论分析换流变压器三相的相序差动电流变化量,发现匝间短路故障时具有故障相的相序差动电流变化量幅值为非故障相的两倍且相位差为180°的特定关系,在此基础上,提出相序差动电流开放判据。此外,为防止特殊涌流工况时开放判据误闭锁,增设基于涌流间断偏移特征的识别开放判据,并进一步构造整套基于相序差动电流特征差异的换流变压器匝间保护优化方案。通过现场录波及实时数字仿真(real time digital simulation system,RTDS)仿真验证,提出的保护方法在匝间短路故障且二次谐波制动判据误闭锁时具有高快速性,对于暴露问题的实际故障,保护动作时间由56ms缩短为20ms。同时,保护在各类涌流工况时可靠不误动。该保护算法具有计算量小,对数据采样率要求不高的特点。

电网相序和缺相监测电路的设计

文章论述了电网相序变化的原因及其造成的影响，提供了实用的相序监测电路，分析了相序监测原理。

混合排列方式下高压电缆护套环流特性仿真分析

高压单芯电缆金属护套中的环流过大会增加线路损耗。为了限制护套环流,提高电缆运行寿命,文中利用电磁暂态软件ATP-EMTP建立电缆模型,计算分析了混合排列方式下110 kV高压单芯电缆在不同工况时的护套环流变化情况。首先,通过环流比来判断分段长度对电缆环流的影响,在此基础上,引入不平衡度的概念对电缆的最大敷设距离进行评估,最后又研究了相序变化对护套环流的影响,得到合理方案。结论对电缆线路设计、施工具有一定参考价值。

Thermodynamic re-assessment of Fe-Ti binary system

The Fe-Ti binary system was re-assessed using the CALPHAD method in order to improve the capability of being extrapolated to a ternary or higher-order system. Compared with previous assessments, the main focus was put on the thermodynamic description of the two intermetallic compounds Fe2Ti and FeTi. The C14_Laves phase Fe2Ti was described by the two-sublattice model, which is widely used at present. By checking the homogeneity range on the boundary of the ternary systems involving the binary, the phase boundary of this compound was further confirmed. The FeTi phase with a BCC_B2 crystal structure was treated as the ordered phase of the BCC_A2 phase and a unified Gibbs energy function was used to describe both the ordered and disordered phases. Reproduction of the specific heat capacities of these compounds was another aspect paid particular attention to. Comprehensive comparisons of the calculated and experimental results regarding the phase diagram and thermodynamic properties show a good agreement between them and prove the validity of the present thermodynamic description.

Variations of Terrestrial Water Storage in the Yangtze River Basin under Climate Change Scenarios

In this study, the water balance-based Precipitation-Evapotranspiration-Runoff (PER) method combined with the land surface model Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) was used to estimate the spatiotemporal variations of terrestrial water storage (TWS) for two periods, 1982-2005 (baseline) and 2071-2100, under future climate scenarios A2 and B2 in the Yangtze River basin. The results show that the estimated TWS during the baseline period and under the two future climate scenarios have similar seasonal amplitudes of 60-70 mm. The higher values of TWS appear in June during the baseline period and under the B2 scenario, whereas the TWS under A2 shows two peaks in response to the related precipitation pattern. It also shows that the TWS is recharged from February to June during the baseline period, but it is replenished from March to June under the A2 and B2 scenarios. An analysis of the standard derivation of seasonal and interannual TWS time series under the three scenarios demonstrates that the seasonal TWS of the southeastern part of the Yangtze River basin varies remarkably and that the southeastern and central parts of the basin have higher variations in interannual TWS. With respect to the first mode of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), the inverse-phase change in seasonal TWS mainly appears across the Guizhou-Sichuan-Shaanxi belt, and the entire basin generally represents a synchronous change in interannual TWS. As a whole, the TWS under A2 presents a larger seasonal variation whereas that under B2 displays a greater interannual variation. These results imply that climate change could trigger severe disasters in the southeastern and central parts of the basin.

Tidal Response Characteristics of the Well Water Level in the Sichuan-Yunnan Region

In this paper,the long time series data of the well water-level data of 12 wells in the Sichuan and Yunnan area is analyzed by the Baytap-G tidal analysis software,and well water level tidal response characteristic parameters( amplitude ratio and phase change)are extracted. We analyzed the features of the shape and stage change,and characteristic parameters of the tidal response of well water level before and after the earthquakes,which can provide a new method and approach to analyzing the response relationships between well water level and earth tide and barometric pressure. The results show that Luguhu Well and 9 other wells are affected by earth tides,and their well water level amplitude ratios and phases are relatively stable; the Nanxi Well and Dayao Well water level changes are affected by the barometric pressure combined with tide force,and their well water level amplitude ratios and phases are more discrete. The water level amplitude ratios and phases of Jiangyou Well,Luguhu Well and Dongchuan Well are significant to large earthquakes,and the relationship between seismic energy density and water level amplitude ratios and phases of M_2 wave of the three wells are presented.