Icon memory research under different time pressures and icon quantities based on event-related potential

In order to obtain related brain electrical components and neural bases of physiology assessment of icon elements in a digital human-computer interface the modified sample-delay matching task experimental paradigm is used under different time pressures 4 000 and 2 000 ms and different icon quantities three five and ten icons on icon memory based on event-related potential ERP technology.Experimental results demonstrate that P300 has significant volatility changes and the maximum amplitude around the middle line of the parietal area PZ and P200 has obvious volatility changes around the middle line of the frontal and central area FCZ during icon cognition.P300 and P200 amplitudes increase as tasks become more difficult.Thus P300 latency is positively correlated with task difficulty. ERP research on the characteristics of icon memory will be an important reference standard in guiding user neurocognitive behavior and physiology assessment on interface usability.

INTERNET TRAFFIC DATA FLOW FORECAST BY RBF NEURAL NETWORK BASED ON PHASE SPACE RECONSTRUCTION

Characteristics of the Internet traffic data flow are studied based on the chaos theory. A phase space that is isometric with the network dynamic system is reconstructed by using the single variable time series of a network flow. Some parameters, such as the correlative dimension and the Lyapunov exponent are calculated, and the chaos characteristic is proved to exist in Internet traffic data flows. A neural network model is construct- ed based on radial basis function （RBF） to forecast actual Internet traffic data flow. Simulation results show that, compared with other forecasts of the forward-feedback neural network, the forecast of the RBF neural network based on the chaos theory has faster learning capacity and higher forecasting accuracy.

FTIR Spectroscopic Study of Broad Bean Diseased Leaves

[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. [Result] The spectra of the samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption inten- sity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200-700 cm2. The data in the range of 1 200- 700 cm＇ were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analy- sis （HCA） and principal component analysis （PCA）. Results showed that the correla- tion coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.

Asymmetry in the Strong-field Photodetachment of H- by Linearly Polarized Few-cycle Pulses

Photodetachment of H- irradiated by linearly polarized few-cycle laser field is investigated by time-dependent SchrSdinger equation numerically. The photo-electron left-right asymmetry parameter as a function of carrier-envelop （CE） phase of few-cycle pulses is attained. We confirm the asymmetry of photoelectron distribution in H- photodetachment and find that the maximal asymmetry parameter of H- is equal to that of H atom under the same conditions but the corresponding CE phases are quite different. Thus a CE phase shift appears. Compared to that of H atom and field free electron, the zero asymmetry CE phase shift is sensitively affected by Coulomb field. The Coulomb effect on the asymmetry of H- photodetachment mainly behaves in the CE phase shift of H- instead of the amplitude of asymmetry parameter curve.

兴旺发达的胡志明市华人社区

在越南胡志明市,祖籍广东的饭店老板陶志华说,华人在越南尽管不是特别富裕,但还是经营了相相数量的贸易和商务活动,特别是在越南的商业中心胡志明市。官员们估计,在胡志明市的500万人口中,华人大约有50万,占越南全国华人人口的一半。 陶志华说:“这里的华人和越南人生活在一个大家庭。我觉得生活在这儿非常自由,其他华人也是如此。没有人仇视我们。

A novel shapelet transformation method for classification of multivariate time series with dynamic discriminative subsequence and application in anode current signals

Classification of multi-dimension time series(MTS) plays an important role in knowledge discovery of time series. Many methods for MTS classification have been presented. However, most of these methods did not consider the kind of MTS whose discriminative subsequence was not restricted to one dimension and dynamic. In order to solve the above problem, a method to extract new features with extended shapelet transformation is proposed in this study. First, key features is extracted to replace k shapelets to calculate distance, which are extracted from candidate shapelets with one class for all dimensions. Second, feature of similarity numbers as a new feature is proposed to enhance the reliability of classification. Third, because of the time-consuming searching and clustering of shapelets, distance matrix is used to reduce the computing complexity. Experiments are carried out on public dataset and the results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, anode current signals(ACS) in the aluminum reduction cell are the aforementioned MTS, and the proposed method is successfully applied to the classification of ACS.

Solitary Waves for Cubic-Quintic Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation with Variable Coefficients

The cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation （CQNLS） plays important parts in the optical fiber and the nuclear hydrodynamics. By using the homogeneous balance principle, the bell type, kink type, algebraic solitary waves, and trigonometric traveling waves for the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation with variable coefficients （vCQNLS） are derived with the aid of a set of subsidiary high-order ordinary differential equations （sub-equations for short）. The method used in this paper might help one to derive the exact solutions for the other high-order nonlinear evolution equations, and shows the new application of the homogeneous balance principle.

Effect of Lead-Zinc Interaction on Size of Microbial Biomass in Red Soil

A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of lead and zinc applied alone or in various combinations on the size of microbial biomass in a red soil. Treatments included the application of lead at six different levels i.e., 0 (background), 100, 200, 300, 450 and 600 μg g -1 soil along with each of the four levels of zinc (0, 50, 150 or 250 μg g -1 soil). Application of lead or zinc alone to soil significantly ( P <0.001) affected the soil microbial biomass. The microbial biomass carbon (C mic ), biomass nitrogen (N mic ) and biomass phosphorus (P mic ) decreased sharply in soils contaminated with lead or zinc. Combined application of lead and zinc resulted in a greater biocidal effect on soil microbial biomass, which was significantly higher ( P <0.001) than that when either lead or zinc was applied alone. Consistent increase in the biomass C:N and decline in the biomass C:P ratios were also observed with the increased metal (Pb and Zn) toxicity in the soil.

Mass Transfer Enhancement of Gas Absorption by Adding the Dispersed Organic Phases

Mass transfer enhancement of gas absorption by adding a dispersed organic phase has been studied in this work. Various dispersed organic phases （heptanol, octanol, isoamyl alcohol, heptane, octane, and isooctane） were tested respectively in the experiment. According to the theoretical model and experimental data, the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient and enhancement factor were obtained under different dispersed organic phase volume fraction and stirring speed. The experimental results indicate that gas-liquid mass transfer is enhanced at different level by adding a dispersed organic phase. The best performance of enhancement were achieved with the dispersed organic phase volumetric fraction of 5% and under an intermediate stirring speed of 670 r·min^-1. Among the organic phases tested in the experiment, alcohols show better performance, which gave 20% higher enhance-ment of overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient than adding alkanes.

Dynamics of Soil Fauna in Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeast China

The dynamics of soil animals was studied in seven representative forest communities in the north of the Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeast China. The results indicate that it was distinctive in the changes of the numbers of soil animals and groups and diversity in relationship with seasons for macrofauna and meso-micro fauna in the study area. The numbers of the observed soil animals in different months were: October>August>June. Group number was larger in August and October, but smaller in June. The change of diversity index in different months was: August>June>Oc- tober. The biomass for macrofauna in different months was: October>June>August. The composition and number of each functional group was relatively stable. In the community of the predominant soil environment, the percentage of saprophagous animals was higher than carnivorous animals and herbivorous animals. The dynamics changes of sapro- phagous and carnivorous animals were distinctive, increasing from June to October, while the change of herbivorous animals was unremarkable.

Quantum Properties of Two-Mode Squeezed Even and Odd Coherent States

Two new types of quantum states are constructed by applying the operator s（ξ） = exp（ξ＊ ab - ξa＋b＋） on the two-mode even and odd coherent states. The mathematical and quantum statistical properties of such states are investigated. Various nonclassical features of these states, such as squeezing properties, the inter-mode photon bunching, and the violation of Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, are discussed. The Wigner function in these states are studied in detail.

Correlation of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma

Objective:To evaluate the correlation of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma(SBA).Methods:46 patients with solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (SBA)(diameter≤4 cm)underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced(nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/s by using an autoinjector 90 mL,4×5 mm or 4×2.5 mm scanning mode with stable table were performed)serial CT.Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded.Perfusion (PBA),peak height(PHBA),ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta(BA-to-A ratio)and mean transit time(MTT)were calculated.The correlation between peak height of the aorta(PHA)and parameters of the SBA(PHBA,BA-to-A ratio,PBA,and MTT)and those among parameters of the SBA were assessed by means of linear regression analysis.Regression equation among parameters of the SBA were obtain by means of stepwise regression.Results:The correlation between the SBA peak height(PHBA,36.78 HU±12.02)and the aortic peak height(PHA)was significant(r=0.506,P<0.0001).No significant cor- relation was found between the BA-to-Apeak height ratio(15.33%±4.55)and the aortic peak height(r=0.130,P=0.388> 0.05)as it was between the SBA perfusion(PBA,31.86 mL/min/100 g±9.74)and the aortic peak height(r=0.049,P=0.749 >0.05).The SBA perfusion correlated with the PHBA and the BA-to-A peak height ratio(r=0.394,P=0.007<0.05;r=0.407, P=0.005<0.05).The PHBA correlated positively with the BA-to-A peak height ratio(r=0.781,P<0.0001).Mean transit time was 14.84 s±5.52.PBA=18.500+0.872×BA-to-A ratio.BA-to-A ratio=4.467+0.295×PHBA.Conclusion:The linear correlation between the SBA perfusion and BA-to-Aratio and that between BA-to-Aratio and PHBA can be expressed by equation. It is possible to design a simpler scanning procedure of investigation of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma angiogenesis.

Design of similarity measure for discrete data and application to multi-dimension

Similarity measure design for discrete data group was proposed. Similarity measure design for continuous membership function was also carried out. Proposed similarity measures were designed based on fuzzy number and distance measure, and were proved. To calculate the degree of similarity of discrete data, relative degree between data and total distribution was obtained. Discrete data similarity measure was completed with combination of mentioned relative degrees. Power interconnected system with multi characteristics was considered to apply discrete similarity measure. Naturally, similarity measure was extended to multi-dimensional similarity measure case, and applied to bus clustering problem.

Prime Factorization in the Duality Computer

We give algorithms to factorize large integers in the duality computer. We provide three duality algorithms for factorization based on a naive factorization method, the Shor algorithm in quantum computing, and the Fermat＇s method in classical computing. All these algorithms may be polynomial in the input size.

Influence of Interactions on Populations for Hyperons in Neutron Stars

The numerical results of the populations for the baryon octet in neutron star matter have been presented by solving a set transcendental equations in the framework of the relativistic mean field approximation. The influence of the hyperon interactions on hyperon populations in neutron star matter is discussed. The results manifest that when the ratio of the hyperon-to-nucleon couplings increases, all hyperons appear towards low baryon density direction.

QUASI-SYNCHRONOUS MULTICARRIER DS-CDMA USING Z-COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCES

In this paper, a multicarrier DS-CDMA system which employs Z-Complementary Se- quences (ZCS) as spreading code is investigated. The new system can not only eliminate multipath interference and Multiple Access Interference (MAI), but also support flexible number of users com- pared with system using Orthogonal Complementary (OC) codes. Multicarrier DS-CDMA using OC codes can be regarded as a special case of our proposed system. Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) of ZCS can be flexibly adjusted to meet the requirements on the user number and maximum multipath and in- ter-user delay, in this way, more users can be supported without losing interference-free property. The effectiveness of the proposed system is validated through theoretical analysis and simulation results.

Analysis of influence of water temperature on milk powder proteins using MALDI-TOF MS

The influence of water temperature on protein composition in the reconstitution of milk powder was evaluated using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF MS）. 11 ion peaks in the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization （MALDI） spectra were examined to study the alteration of relative quantities of milk proteins when water at different temperature was employed in the reconstitution of milk powder. A discrepancy factor Dij was implemented to represent the degree of milk proteins＇ denaturation. Data obtained indicated that Dij value increased with rising water temperature, and thermal damage to milk proteins became evidently when the water temperature exceeded 60℃. The results confirmed that nutrient loss occurred when milk proteins denatured in water at high temperatures.

Dune dynamics in the southern edge of Dunhuang Oasis and implications for the oasis protection

The survival of Dunhuang Oasis is largely determined by the evolution of sand dunes in the southern edge of the oasis, mainly composed of shield dunes and mega pyramid dunes, which occupy twothirds and one-third of the area, respectively. However, few studies have focused on dynamics of these dunes, especially in terms of quantification. So the theoretical basis of sand-control engineering is relatively limited. Here we present the characteristics of dune dynamics of a shield dune and mega pyramid dune in the southern edge of Dunhuang Oasis during April 2014-April 2016 based on measurement data of a 3-D laser scanner. Results indicate that the volume of the shield dune decreased during the monitoring period of two years, and the gravity centers of the monitored shield dune moved windward, indicating that sand was transported toward the oasis. Conversely, the dune volume of the mega pyramid dune increased and the gravity center presented no prominent movement, indicating that the megapyramid dune was relatively stable and its migration toward the oasis was not notable. Thus, compared with mega pyramid dunes, shield dunes in the southern edge of Dunhuang Oasis are identified as a more significant sand source endangering the protection of the oasis, and sand-control engineering should mainly focus on these shield dunes.

A Preliminary Analysis of the Relationship between Precipitation Variation Trends and Altitude in China

Characteristics of the relationship between precipitation variation trends (PVT) and altitude were analyzed using monthly mean precipitation data from 526 observation stations in China from 1961 to 2008.With respect to elevation,China was divided into three subregions,below 200 m,200-1500 m,and above 1500 m.The results showed that the correlations between annual PVT and altitude are different among the three regions.In the region below 200 m in elevation,the best relationship has a correlation coefficient of-0.19 (0.49),passing the 90% (99.9%) significance level south (north) of 35 N.However,the correlation coefficient is close to zero,and the latitude strongly governs the spatial distribution of the amplitude of annual PVT in the 200-1500-m elevation region.In most of the Tibetan Plateau,where the elevation is greater than 1500 m,there is a weak negative correlation.The Mann-Kendall method was used to test the trend of regional mean annual precipitation,which indicated that the annual mean precipitation had no obvious trend of change in China due to the reverse significant variation trends in different areas of the country.

Coefficient of Partial Correlation and Its Calculation

This thesis offers the general concept of coefficient of partial correlation.Starting with regres-sion analysis,the paper,by using samples,infers the general formula of expressing coefficient of partial correlation by way of simple correlation coefficient.