基于MATLAB语言的非线性系统相空间分析

针对相平面法能直观、精确地分析非线性系统 ,但系统的阶次仅限于二阶或一阶的特点 ,借助MATLAB语言将相平面图的绘制方法简化并将相平面法扩展到高阶非线性系统的分析。

基于相空间独立分量分析及峭度贡献系数的早期故障分析方法研究

独立分量分析方法在信号分析中具有振源分离的特点,但由于机械设备早期故障信号具有强背景噪声及振源复杂等特点,独立分量分析方法对于单通道强背景噪声信号中的早期故障检测也无法取得满意效果。因此提出相空间对独立分量方法对其进行振源分离及重构,获得早期故障成分较为集中的重构信号,进而提出了峭度贡献系数来提取重构信号的早期故障特征信息;在对于某挤压机变速箱轴承的早期故障信号应用中,此方法在强背景噪声下成功的提取了早期故障的特征信息,确定了早期故障发生的部件。上述实验证明,相空间独立分量分析及峭度贡献系数方法在早期故障检测方面提供了一个可行的研究方向。

电涡流相位梯度及其在导电材料缺陷识别中的应用

使用空间域相频谱分析方法,将相位梯度作为缺陷检测信号特征量,对不同类型的缺陷进行检测和分类。数字相敏解调技术用于提取检测信号的相位梯度。采用双空气芯线圈涡流传感器并施加1-10 kHz多频激励信号,对平板金属样件进行表面缺陷、下表面缺陷、内部缺陷的识别及分类。实验结果证明,实验系统可以有效地检测出缺陷,并通过空间域相频谱分析得到可视化检测结果,采用相位梯度作为特征量有效抑制了提离噪声对检测结果的影响。

径向分级燃烧室热声特性的试验研究

为了探究径向分级燃烧室燃料分配比例对燃烧室热声特性的影响,对工业级单筒4 MW功率等级径向分级燃烧室进行试验研究.试验中通过改变径向上值班喷嘴和主燃喷嘴的燃料分配比例,分析燃料分配比例对动态压力特征频率和幅值的影响.采用相空间重构方法和递归分析方法,探究燃料分配比例变化过程中燃烧室内热声状态的变化特征.结果表明,燃烧室内整体存在低频(70~90 Hz)和高频(200~230 Hz)2个主导频率.在燃料分配比例调节过程中,出现低频向高频跃迁现象.相空间重构图和递归图显示,当燃料分配比例增大时,燃烧室内热声状态存在切换过程:由准周期状态过渡为混沌状态,最终切换至极限环状态.

驱动力矩对汽车动力学特征的影响

为分析驱动力矩对汽车系统动力学特征的影响,以魔术公式为基础建立了引入驱动力矩的五自由度(纵向速度、侧向速度、横摆角速度、前轮角速度和后轮角速度)汽车系统平面运动的非线性动力学模型;以后轮驱动系统为例,通过多初值点的相空间分析、单初值点的时域分析及相应轮胎力的分布特征分析,探讨了前轮转角为0时恒定驱动力矩对汽车动力学特征的影响;通过对恒定驱动力矩试验的进一步分析,计算了系统状态变量的分岔图.结果表明:在零转角条件下,随着驱动力矩数值的增大,五自由度汽车动力学系统将发生分岔现象;驱动力矩对汽车的动力学特征存在明显的影响.

一类特殊非线性自主振动的实验辨识

在精轧机系统发生强烈振动的情况下,对振动响应和运行参数进行了测试。在实测的振动信号相空间分析的基础上,得到系统所包含的结构振动的特殊非线性自主振动的特征。根据实测的运行参数,进行支持向量回归系统辨识,找到系统产生这种振动的根本原因为位移反馈的响应延迟,抑制长延时可消除这种异常振动。

驱动模式对三自由度车辆系统分岔的影响

针对车辆系统动力学的驱动分岔问题,以现有的三自由度模型为基础,考虑了轮胎纵向力和侧向力的混合滑移特征,建立了引入轮胎纵向力的三自由度车辆系统平面运动模型.以车辆的前轮转角为中间变量将三自由度车辆系统模型转化为五自由度自治方程的形式,并利用计算机仿真的方法得到了系统的相空间图和分岔图.相空间图的分析结果揭示了驱动模式对车辆系统动力学特性存在明显影响.分岔图的分析结果表明,不同驱动模式的车辆系统在相同角频率的正弦前轮转角输入下,系统状态变量出现分岔的转角幅值不同.

同步辐射散射图像中心定位算法研究

介绍了一种基于相空间重构和主分量分析的样品在同步辐射SAXS\WAXS各向同性图像中散射环的中心定位算法。该算法在水平和垂直方向上分别扫描散射图像,并提取图像部分行和列的主分量以提高散射环中心定位的准确性,再根据圆的垂线定理确定圆心。通过实验计算的结果和fit2d软件的比较,验证了该算法的有效性。

Understanding visual-auditory correlation from heterogeneous features for cross-media retrieval

Cross-media retrieval is an interesting research topic,which seeks to remove the barriers among different modalities.To enable cross-media retrieval,it is needed to find the correlation measures between heterogeneous low-level features and to judge the semantic similarity.This paper presents a novel approach to learn cross-media correlation between visual features and auditory features for image-audio retrieval.A semi-supervised correlation preserving mapping(SSCPM)method is described to construct the isomorphic SSCPM subspace where canonical correlations between the original visual and auditory features are further preserved.Subspace optimization algorithm is proposed to improve the local image cluster and audio cluster quality in an interactive way.A unique relevance feedback strategy is developed to update the knowledge of cross-media correlation by learning from user behaviors,so retrieval performance is enhanced in a progressive manner.Experimental results show that the performance of our approach is effective.

Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis on Regional Economic Disparity of Northeast Economic Region in China

Popular regional inequality indexes such as variation coefficient and Gini coefficient can only reveal overall inequality, and have limited ability in revealing spatial dependence or spatial agglomeration. Recently some methods of exploratory spatial data analysis such as spatial autocorrelation have provided effective tools to analyze spatial agglomeration and cluster, which can reveal the pattern of regional inequality. This article attempts to use spatial autocorrelation at county level to get refined spatial pattern of regional disparity in Chinese northeast economic region over 2000-2006 (2001 absent). The result indicates that the basic trend of regional economy is an increasing concentration of growth among counties in northeast economic region, and there are two geographical clusters of poorer counties including the counties in western Liaoning Province and adjacent counties in Inner Mongolia, poorer counties of Heihe, Qiqihar and Suihua in Heilongjiang Province. This article also reveals that we can use the methods of exploratory spatial data analysis as the supplementary analysis methods in regional economic analysis.

Application of Integration of Spatial Statistical Analysis with GIS to Regional Economic Analysis

This paper summarizes a few spatial statistical analysis methods for to measuring spatial autocorrelation and spatial association, discusses the criteria for the identification of spatial association by the use of global Moran Coefficient, Local Moran and Local Geary. Furthermore, a user-friendly statistical module, combining spatial statistical analysis methods with GIS visual techniques, is developed in Arcview using Avenue. An example is also given to show the usefulness of this module in identifying and quantifying the underlying spatial association patterns between economic units.

A Preliminary Evaluation of Global and East Asian Cloud Radiative Effects in Reanalyses

Cloud radiative effects （CREs） at the top of the atmosphere （TOA） in three reanalysis datasets （the Eur- opean Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts In- terim Reanalysis （ERA-Interim）, the Japanese 55-yr Re- analysis Project （JRA-55）, and the Modem-Era Retro- spective Analysis for Research and Applications （MERRA）） are evaluated using recent satellite-based observations. The reanalyses can basically capture the spatial pattern of the annual mean shortwave CRE, but the global mean longwave CRE in ERA-interim and JRA55 is weaker than observed, leading to overestimations of the net CRE. Moreover, distinct CRE biases of the reanalyses occur in the Intertropical Convergence Zone （ITCZ）, coastal Pa- cific and Atlantic regions, and East Asia. Quantitative examination further indicates that the spatial correlations of CREs and TOA upward radiation fluxes with corre- sponding observations in ERA-Interim are better than in the other two reanalyses. Although MERRA has certain abilities in producing the magnitudes of global mean CREs, its performance in terms of spatial correlations in winter and summer are worse than for the other two re- analyses. The ability of JRA55 in reflecting CREs lies between the other two datasets. Compared to the global mean results, the spatial correlations of shortwave CRE in East Asia decrease and the biases of regional mean CREs increase in the three reanalyses. This implies that, cur- rently, it is still difficult to reproduce East Asian CREs based on these reanalyses. Relatively, ERA-Interim de- scribes the seasonal variation of East Asian CREs well, albeit weaker than observed. The present study also sug- gests that in-depth exploration of the ability of reanalysis data to describe aspects relating to cloud properties and rad- iation is needed usin~ more comprehensive observations.

What Is the Role of FDI in Environmental Pollution？---Evidence ti＇om China

This paper analyzes the distribution patterns and spatial dynamic transitions of foreign direct investment （FDI） and pollution from 2000 to 2009 in China＇s provinces by using the comprehensive pollution index （CEPI） and exploratory spatial data analysis. Findings suggest that FDI as well as environmental pollution in our provinces exists an obvious spatial autocorrelation, both of them have remarkable characteristics of path dependence and form different accumulation areas. Currently, the accumulations of highlevel FDI correspond to low-level environmental pollution, while the accumulations of low-level FDI are associated with high-level environmental pollution. Furthermore, the authors have empirically analyzed the impact of FDI on China＇s environmental pollution by spatial error model （SEM） and spatial lag model （SLM） respeetively. Findings suggest that the geographical clustering of FDI has a positive impact on China＇s environment, in general, ＂Pollution Haven Hypothesis＂ is invalid in China. In addition, there are remarkable differences in the impact of FDI on environmental pollution due to different sources, the foreign capital from offshore financial centers has significantly alleviated pollution in China while that from developed countries in East Asia and the West has played an insignificant role in environmental pollution.

Geopoetical Analysis of Livonia During The Great Northern War Based on The Last Novik A Historical Novel by Ivan Lazhechnikov

The term geopoetics has a wide interpretation. It is defined as a project of the cultural activity aimed at creating and changing territorial myths and research path, which considers the interaction between literary creativity and geographical space. Defining this term, it is possible to introduce a geopoetical analysis diagram based on three interconnected positions： the writer＇s personality, the universe of an artwork and its characters. The Last Novik--A historical novel by Lazhechnikov analysis example presented on a diagram reveals the relationship between time and space in the literary work, as well as the author＇s interaction with the described events.

A Simulation of the Upper-Tropospheric Temperature Pattern in BCC_CSM1.1

A simulation of the upper-tropospheric temperature (UTT) by the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model version 1.1 (BCC_CSM1.1) model is evaluated through a comparison with NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. It is shown that this model has the ability to simulate the climate pattern of the UTT in all four seasons. The spatial correlation on the climatological distribution between the simulation and the observation is 0.92, 0.93, 0.90, and 0.93 for spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The first leading mode of the UTT in the simulation agrees with that in the observation, except that the simulated second leading mode corresponds to the observed first leading mode in spring. The standard deviation distribution of the simulation is also roughly consistent with the observation, with a pattern coefficient of 0.82, 0.78, 0.82, and 0.82 in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The potential UTT change in the second half of the 21st century under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario is examined. The prominent change is that the summer UTT will increase over Eurasia and decrease over the North Pacific compared with the present, indicating that the zonal thermal contrast between Asia and the North Pacific will be strengthened within the context of future global warming. The intensity of the interannual variability of the UTT over the Asian-Pacific region is also generally increased. The zonal thermal contrast between Asia and the North Pacific will tend to be enhanced in winter, concurrent with the intensified interannual variability.

外电场中金属表面附近里德堡氢原子的动力学行为

利用相空间分析方法研究了外电场中金属表面附近里德堡氢原子的动力学性质.结果表明,体系的动力学性质敏感地依赖于原子与金属表面间的距离和电场强度.通过固定原子与金属表面间的距离,分析了外加电场作用下里德堡电子的Poincaré截面和运动轨迹的演化过程.研究表明:电场的出现加速了金属表面对电子的吸附,随着电场强度的增加,体系的动力学性质由原子与金属表面间的距离控制逐渐变为由电场起主导作用,体系逐渐由不可积变为可积,电子的运动轨道最终全部变为振动型轨道.

Semi-urbanization and evolving patterns of urbanization in China: Insights from the 2000 to 2010 national censuses

Based on the prefecture-level data of the 2000 and 2010 national censuses, the spatial evolution of China's semi-urbanization is analyzed in this study. The stages of urbanization are re-examined by considering semi-urbanization. Nine types of urban development are presented according to the relations between semi-urbanization and urbanization, and China's urbanization is divided into five stages, namely, high incoordination, incoordination, low coordination, coordination, and high coordination. Results show that China's semi-urbanization rate varies significantly from one area to another; its order in 2010 from the highest to the lowest value was as follows: east, middle, west, and northeast. Urbanization and semi-urbanization rates in inland cities increase much faster than those in coastal cities. In addition, semi-urbanization displays a spatial pattern similar to that of urbanization across China, with the sole exception of the northeastern region. Through a spatial autocorrelation analysis, the spatial concentration of semi-urbanization is determined to be increasing. High-value concentration areas are expanding in the coastal east, whereas low-value concentration areas are growing in the northeast. Lastly, the evolution of China's urbanization model suggests a weakening trend of coordination between urbanization and semi-urbanization over the studied decade. Semi-urbanization can be viewed as a special production of China's hukou system, which restricts the permanent settlement of migrants in cities. As such, China's semi-urbanization trend is expected to exhibit a reversed U-shaped pattern as urbanization and citizenization develop.

Spatio-temporal evolution of population and urbanization in the countries along the Belt and Road 1950–2050

This paper uses data for the period 1950-2050 compiled by the United Nations Population Division together with methods including spatial autocorrelation analysis, hie- rarchical cluster analysis and the standard deviational ellipse, to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of population and urbanization in the 75 countries located along the routes of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road, to identify future popula- tion growth and urbanization hotspots. The results reveal the following： First, in 2015, the majority of Belt and Road countries in Europe, South Asia and Southeast Asia had high population densities, whereas most countries in Central Asia, North Africa and West Asia, as well as Russia and Mongolia, had low population densities; the majority of countries in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, West Asia and North Africa had rapid population growth, whereas many countries in Europe had negative population growth; and five Belt and Road countries are in the initial stage of urbanization, 44 countries are in the acceleration stage of urbanization, and 26 are in the terminal stage of urbanization. Second, in the century from 1950 to 2050, the mean center of the study area＇s population is consistently located in the border region between India and China. Prior to 2000, the trajectory of the mean center was from northwest to southeast, but from 2000 it is on a southward trajectory, as the population of the study area becomes more concentrated. Future population growth hotspots are predicted to be in South Asia, West Asia and Southeast Asia, and hotspot countries for the period 2015-2030 include India, China, Pakistan and Indonesia, though China will move into nega- tive population growth after 2030. Third, the overall urban population of Belt and Road coun- tries increased from 22% in 1950 to 49% in 2015, and it is expected to gradually catch up with the world average, reaching 64% in 2050. The different levels of urbanization in different countries display significant spatial dependency, and in the hundred-year period under con-sideration, this dependency increases before eventually weakening. Fourth, between 2015 and 2030, urban population hotspots will include Thailand, China, Laos and Albania, while Kuwait, Cyprus, Qatar and Estonia will be urban ＂coldspots.＂ Fifth, there were 293 cities with populations over 1 million located along the Belt and Road in 2015, but that number Js ex- pected to increase to 377 by 2030. Of those, 43 will be in China, with many of the others located in India, Indonesia and the eastern Mediterranean.

A method of correlation analysis for space-based GEO object surveillance

A method of correlation analysis to determine the correlation between two too-short arcs is presented to monitor geosynchro- nous earth orbit objects on a space-based surveillance system. The necessary condition for a geosynchronous earth orbit object to be observed by a space-based visible sensor in two successive orbital periods is derived, and the principle for the selection of search fence parameters is proposed. The processing procedure of the correlation analysis for the two too-short arcs as well as two correlation judgment methods is given and the selection of the threshold value for the judgment is analyzed. Finally, a simulation is performed to demonstrate the applicability of the presented methods. Simulation results ir^dicate that a surveil- lance system can acquire two observation arcs in two successive orbital periods by selecting the suitable search fence parame- ters, and that the two correlation judgment methods and the selected threshold are valid. The initial orbit of the uncorrelated objects can be determined by two observation arcs, and the accuracy of the initial orbit meets the requirements of re-acquiring the object.