饱和砂土的三剪弹塑性边界面模型研究(二)--模型验证及应用

为验证所提饱和砂土三剪弹塑性边界面本构模型的适用性,取南昌地铁某车站进出口底板下的纯砂,掺入粒径小于0.075mm的江西红黏土颗粒,配制成含泥量分别为0%、5%、10%且密实度分别为25%、45%、70%的砂土样,通过常规三轴试验和循环动三轴试验确定模型参数,将试验数据与理论计算结果对比后发现两者具有较好的一致性,本构模型能较真实地反映饱和砂土样的变形、体变、孔隙水压力特性。其中,等量代换法和坐标平移法的数值计算结果相差不大,坐标平移法数值计算结果更接近试验结果。结果还表明:在单调荷载作用下,砂土的围压和含泥量越大,剪胀现象越不明显;砂土的密实度越大,剪胀现象越明显。在循环荷载作用下,砂土的围压和密实度越大,达到循环稳定时的轴向应变和孔隙水压力越小;轴向应力幅值、频率、含泥量越大,达到循环稳定时的轴向应变和孔隙水压力越大。另外,还将本构模型应用于砂土样的真三轴数值模拟。结果表明:单调加载时中间主应力影响系数b取值越大,应力峰值也越大;循环加载时侧向主应力σ2和σ3与竖向应变的关系均呈负相关性,侧向最小主应力s3、含泥量、循环应力幅值与孔隙水压力的关系呈正相关性。

Effect of intermediate principal stress on strength of soft rock under complex stress states

A series of numerical simulations of conventional and true triaxial tests for soft rock materials using the three-dimensional finite difference code FLAC3D were presented. A hexahedral element and a strain hardening/softening constitutive model based on the unified strength theory(UST) were used to simulate both the consolidated-undrained(CU) triaxial and the consolidated-drained(CD) true triaxial tests. Based on the results of the true triaxial tests simulation, the effect of the intermediate principal stress on the strength of soft rock was investigated. Finally, an example of an axial compression test for a hard rock pillar with a soft rock interlayer was analyzed using the two-dimensional finite difference code FLAC. The CD true triaxial test simulations for diatomaceous soft rock suggest the peak and residual strengths increase by 30% when the effect of the intermediate principal stress is taken into account. The axial compression for a rock pillar indicated the peak and residual strengths increase six-fold when the soft rock interlayer approached the vertical and the effect of the intermediate principal stress is taken into account.