“纪实与虚构”的融合及其效果——《小鲍庄》的另一种解读

《小鲍庄》的评论和研究应超越单一固化的纯文本思路,将其放在包含社会史视野的作家整体创作史中进行考察。综合其尚未引起注意的前文本《小松树,轻轻地响……——怀念小英雄韩余娟》、鲜少被关注的作家创作回忆谈,以及《小鲍庄》之后王安忆以《叔叔的故事》《乌托邦诗篇》《纪实与虚构》等与个人生活或家族历史有关的反思性写作,我们认为在“寻根”之外,《小鲍庄》的另一重要意义是构成王安忆对虚实关系思考的阶段性起点,并因此给小说增添了由“纪实与虚构”融合带来的别样效果。

新课程改革呼唤“真语文教学”

新课程背景下高效课堂教学更在于追求真语文教学，而真语文教学在于以教材为本，实行大语文教学观，以开阔学生视野，打牢国学功底，培养学生学习兴趣，提升学生语文综合能力，进而达到传承中华悠久文化传统的目标。所以我个人认为在新课程背景下，要实现真语文教学，就要着眼于教学的务实、学风的朴实、评教的真实。下面我就真语文教学实践谈谈自己的做法与体会。

高中思政课“五真”教学设计

高中思政课教学设计应创设真情境,激发学生的兴趣和思维,让学生真正喜欢思政课堂;提出真问题,碰撞思维火花,增强思政课的深度;引导真思考,提升思维品质,增加思政课的厚度;触动真情感,内化于心,提升思政课的温度;追求真效果,让思政课教师感受到使命光荣、教学美好。如此,真正实现思政课教学知、情、意、行的统一,并使其成为思政课的新生长点,为培育学生学科核心素养拓宽新视野。

地震数据提高分辨率处理监控评价技术

薄互层岩性油气藏逐渐成为勘探开发的重点领域,薄层砂体对提高分辨率处理方法及效果保真性提出了更高的要求。在对地震数据提高分辨率处理的过程中,研究工作主要集中在提高分辨率处理算法方面,缺少系统全面的提高分辨率处理效果的监控评价技术。针对提高地震分辨率处理效果质量监控的迫切需求,开展了提高地震分辨率处理效果监控评价技术研究,从9个方面的属性特征对提高分辨率处理流程进行了全面可靠的监控,实现了处理效果的定量化评价分析,从而高效优选出提高分辨率处理方法、流程和参数,获得了最佳的高分辨率数据。该技术在准噶尔盆地中部庄3井地区进行了推广应用,对提高分辨率处理进行了全流程的评价分析,解决了常规处理参数试验繁琐的难题,提高地震分辨率处理后薄层砂体的识别能力显著增强。

Effects of expanding zone parameters of vacuum dust suction mouth on flow simulation results

Based on the parametric analysis of the expanding zone of the vacuum dust suction mouth,the flow in the vacuum dust suction mouth was simulated by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software,Fluent.The effects of the expanding zone parameters on flow simulation were analyzed.The results show that simulation effects depend on threshold values of the expanding zone parameters of the dust suction mouth,and the threshold values of the expanding zone can be obtained according to the different structures of the vacuum dust suction mouth and be selected as the geometric parameters in calculating,and also corners of the expanding zone make unobvious difference in calculation accuracy and in computational efficiency compared with no corner.The simulation results provide practical guidance to the flow simulation on the dust suction mouth.

拟于画、剧:解析《金瓶梅》写人的“似真”效果

《金瓶梅》中的人物之所以至今仍能给读者以如真似活感，除前人所论它从根本上写了平凡人的人生人性外，明清拟于画、剧的相关评点也揭示出“似真”缘于如画如戏的审美幻觉。从拟画角度看，《金瓶梅》人物跃然纸上、画面感极强；其写人如画人，重视取神而写出了人物的情理本质；擅用白描以简洁之笔描就人物的体貌言行；兼用彩绘、砌染、用粉诸法，使人物形象真实饱满、性格鲜明。就拟剧角度看，《金瓶梅》引进了戏曲的“本色”意识，以“形容模写，曲尽其态”、塑造真实自然的人为中心，使画活的各色人物扮演各种角色，让读者仿佛在欣赏一幕幕迫近平凡人生的活剧。对《金瓶梅》写人的“似真”效果做拟于画、剧的系统分析，不仅有助于读者更好地欣赏这部“奇书”，也将有助于学界和创作界更好地总结、转化这部文学经典的宝贵写人遗产。

Effect of Vacuum Sealed Drainage on Recovery of Gastrointestinal Function in Gastric Cancer Patients after Radical Gastrectomy

Objective This study aims to explore the effect of vacuum sealed drainage on the recovery of gastrointestinal function in gastric patients after radical gastrectomy. Methods One hundred and twenty patients who received radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer were randomly divided into two groups.Patients in the control group received continuous gastrointestinal decompression to drain the gastric juices after radical gastrectomy,whereas patients in the treatment group received vacuum sealed drainage.The postoperative variables between the two groups were compared,including time of bowel sound reoccurrence,time of the first flatus,indwelling time of gastric tube,days of hospitalization,and complications,such as anastomotic leakage,intestinal obstruction,wound infection,pulmonary infection,fever, and pharyngitis.SPSS 13.0 was used to analyze the data. Results Significant differences in the following variables were observed in patients between the two groups:time of bowel sound reoccurrence,time of the first flatus,indwelling time of gastric tube,and length of hospitalization of the patients.The value of each of these variables was much smaller in the treatment group than in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in the incidence of anastomotic leakage,intestinal obstruction,and wound infection among patients between the two groups(P>0.05). However,a significant differences were observed in the incidence of pulmonary infection,fever,and pharyngitis among the patients between the two groups(P<0.05),with much lower incidence of the variables in the treatment group than in the control group. Conclusions Vacuum sealed drainage used in gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy can accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce postoperative complications.Moreover,it shortens the indwelling time of the gastric tube, thereby making the patients feel comfortable without the disturbance from the gastric tube.

Biocidal Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Ecology of Filamentous Fungal Populations Associated with Stone Deterioration

This study focused on the identification of the filamentous fungi associated with soapstone samples exposed to outdoor conditions and the biocidal effect of gamma radiations on isolated fungal populations in Minas Gerais State in Brazil. Two soapstone blocks were placed outdoors under tropical environmental conditions for 12 months. A total of 9 filamentous fungal populations were identified on their surfaces, namely Acremomium （cf.） alternatum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillusfumigatus, Calcarisporium （cf.） arbuscula, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium equiseti and Penicillium citrinum. The gamma radiation assay was then carried out as a test of biocidal action by exposing all fungal populations to the ionizing radiation. The results showed that only the C. cladosporioides species was resistant to this biocidal agent, since it was able to increase its population post exposure. Scanning electron microscopy images identified the microbial colonization on the soapstone blocks and the stone elementar composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. After treatment, there was no structural and aesthetic alteration in the soapstone samples, and evidencing that gamma radiation can be used as a biocidal agent. However, the resistance of the black fungal population indicates caution in the choice of gamma irradiation as biocidal treatment.

Effect of Vacuum Cooling on Shelf Life of Organic Chayote Shoot （Sechium edule Sm.）

The effect of vacuum cooling on shelf life of organic chayote was investigated. Vacuum cooling processes of organic chayote shoot packed in perforated polyethylene package using different vacuum pressure reserving operation modes were experimented. The holding final pressures for vacuum-cooled organic cilantro packed in holed polyethylene bags were set at two different levels, namely at 10 and 11 millibar. The pressures were experimented with 3 levels of reserving time of 3, 4 and 5 minutes. The weight loss percentage of chayote shoot during precooling to the temperature of 8 ~ 1 ~C using reserving pressure of 10 milibars for 3, 4, and 5 minutes were 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9, respectively. For the weight loss percentage during precooling using reserving pressure of 11 milibars for 3, 4, and 5 minutes were 0.4, 0.5, and 0.5, respectively. The optimum parameter for vacuum cooling process of organic chayote shoot at the initial temperature of 19-23 ℃to 8 ±1 ℃was the reserving pressure of 11 mbar with reserving time of 5 minutes. The precooled organic chayote shoot was then stored at 8 ℃ for quality analysis. The results showed that vacuum cooling had no effect on the change of color, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll. However, precooled organic chayote shoots showed better appearance than non-precooled vegetables. Vacuum cooling can reduce weight loss percentage. The amount of total soluble solids in organic chayote shoots increased with storage time. Precooled organic chayote shoot had longer shelf life of 8 days compared to normal storage life of 5 days.

Health risk of whole body vibration in mining trucks during various operational conditions

Mining machineries are generally exposed to intensive vibrations in harsh mining environment. If vibrations are beyond the tolerable limit, the machine and its operator health will be under the risk. In this work, the vibration of a mining truck at different operational conditions are simulated and discussed. To achieve this aim, three haul roads with low, medium and poor qualities are considered based on the ISO standard. Accordingly, the vibration of a mining truck in different speeds, payload and distribution qualities of materials in the dump body are evaluated in each haul road quality using Trucksim software. The simulation results with statistical discussions indicate that the truck speed and the materials distribution quality have significant effects on the root mean square(RMS) of vertical vibrations. However, the effect of the payload is not considerable on the RMS. Moreover, the accumulation of materials on the rear side of the truck dump body is efficient on the vibrational health risk.

An Extended Bailey-welch Rule with No-show and Walk-in For Outpatient Appointment Scheduling

In clinic＇s appointment scheduling system no-shows have been a significant and confirmed issue with a bad influence on patient accessibility and clinic efficiency. The problem of walk-in has often been seen as the opposite of no-show problem. In this work we revisit a walk-in admitting based approach to mitigate the bad influence of no-show without overbooking. First we establish a model which utilizes marginal benefit objective function to balance the interests of the clinic, the patient and the doctor, we prove that no-show and walk-in cancels out each other straightly has a bad property. Then we propose a new rule which is an extension of the well-known Bailey - Welch rule, the simulation results show that our rule has an improvement comparing with the common rule that cancels them out straightly.

Numerical Simulation of Soil Water Dynamics in a Drip Irrigated Cotton Field Under Plastic Mulch

Drip irrigation under plastic mulch has been widely applied in arid Northwest China as a water-saving irrigation technology. A comprehensive knowledge of the distribution and movement of soil water in root zone is essential for the design and management of irrigation regimes. Simulation models have been proved to be efficient methods for this purpose. In this study, the numerical model Hydrus-2D was used to simulate the temporal variations of soil water content in a drip irrigated cotton field under mulching. A concept of partitioning coefficient, calibrated to be 0.07, was introduced to describe the effect of plastic mulch on prevention of evaporation. The soil hydraulic parameters were optimized by inverse solution using the field data. At the optimized conditions, the model was used to predict soil water content for four field treatments. The agreements between the predictions and observations were evaluated using coefficient of determination （R2） and root mean square error （RMSE）. The results suggested that the model fairly reproduced the variations in soil water content at all locations in four treatments, with R2 ranging from 0.582 to 0.826 and RMSE from 0.029 to 0.050 cm3 cm-3, indicating that the simulations agreed well with the observations.

Effect of p-well contact on n-well potential modulation in a 90 nm bulk technology

The effect of p-well contact on the n-well potential modulation in a 90 nm bulk technology with P+ deep well is studied based on three-dimensional (3-D) TCAD device simulations. Simulation results illustrate that the p-well contact area has a great impact on the n-well potential modulation and the enhancement factor will level out as the p-well contact area increases, and that at the same time the increase of p-well doping concentration can also enhance the n-well potential modulation. However, the effect of p-well contact location on the n-well modulation is not obvious as the p-well contact distance increases. According to our simulation results, it is proposed that the p-well contact area should be cautiously designed to mitigate single event effect (SEE) in the P+ deep well technology.

Effect of Growing Size of Interaction Neighbors on the Evolution of Cooperation in Spatial Snowdrift Game

In this paper,we study the influence of the size of interaction neighbors(k) on the evolution of cooperation in the spatial snowdrift game.At first,we consider the effects of noise K and cost-to-benefit ratio r,the simulation results indicate that the evolution of cooperation depends on the combined action of noise and cost-to-benefit ratio.For a lower r,the cooperators are multitudinous and the cooperation frequency ultimately increases to 1 as the increase of noise.However,for a higher r,the defectors account for the majority of the game and dominate the game if the noise is large enough.Then we mainly investigate how k influences the evolution of cooperation by varying the noise in detail.We find that the frequency of cooperators is closely related to the size of neighborhood and cost-to-benefit ratio r.In the case of lower r,the augmentation of k plays no positive role in promoting the cooperation as compared with that of k = 4,while for higher r the cooperation is improved for a growing size of neighborhood.At last,based on the above discussions,we explore the cluster-forming mechanism among the cooperators.The current results are beneficial to further understand the evolution of cooperation in many natural,social and biological systems.

INFERENCE FOR REPEATED MEASURES MODELS UNDER HETEROSCEDASTICITY

This paper considers a widely used mixed effects model in repeated measures under het- eroscedasticity. Hypotheses of the equality of the fixed effects and the simultaneous confidence intervals for all pair-wise differences are discussed. A generalized F-test has been proposed to test the equality of the fixed effects in the model, but simulation results for evaluating its performance have not been shown in the literature. Moreover, the generalized F-test cannot be used to deduce the simultaneous confidence intervals for all pair-wise differences of the fixed effects. The authors propose two new p-values to test the hypotheses of equality of the fixed effects and simultaneous confidence intervals of the differences of the effects based on the generalized pivotal quantities derived in this paper. The authors also compare the empirical performances of the proposed tests and the generalized F-test. The type I error rates and powers of these tests are evaluated using the Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation studies show that the generalized F-test does not perform well in terms of type I error rate under various sample size and parameter combinations. However, the type I error probabilities of the proposed tests are always close to the nominal value. It can also be seen that the simultaneous confidence intervals perform well.