The linear operations of the equivalent classes of crossed modules of Lie color algebras are studied. The set of the equivalent classes of crossed modules is proved to be a vector space, which is isomorphic with the h...The linear operations of the equivalent classes of crossed modules of Lie color algebras are studied. The set of the equivalent classes of crossed modules is proved to be a vector space, which is isomorphic with the homogeneous components of degree zero of the third cohomology group of Lie color algebras. As an application of this theory, the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras is described, and the result is proved that there is only one equivalent class of the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras when the abelian group Г is equal to Г＋. Finally, for a Witt type Lie color algebra, the classification of its crossed modules is obtained by the isomorphism between the third cohomology group and the crossed modules.展开更多
We examined mitotic chromosomes of three newly found members of the Drosophila obscura species group,D.luguensis,D.dianensis and D.limingi from Yunnan and compared their karyotypes to those of respective related speci...We examined mitotic chromosomes of three newly found members of the Drosophila obscura species group,D.luguensis,D.dianensis and D.limingi from Yunnan and compared their karyotypes to those of respective related species.D.luguensis possessed a diploid number of 12 chromosomes,comprising 3 pairs of metacentrics (V-shaped),2 pairs of acrocentrics (rod-like) and 1 pair of micro-chromosomes (dot-like).Both the X and Y were metacentrics.D.dianensis and D.limingi possessed a diploid number of 10 chromosomes,comprising 1 pair of large V-shaped,1 pair of moderate-sized V-shaped,2 pairs of submetacentric (J-shaped) chromosomes,and 1 pairs of dot-like chromosomes,with their X chromosomes were J-shaped and Y chromosomes were short rod-like ones.Based upon the results of chromosomal comparisons,geographic information of the sinobscura subgroup,as well inter-specific phylogenetic relationship deduced elsewhere,D.luguensis was considered to retain an ancestral form of the karyotype within this subgroup.The present observations have also implied that D.sinobscura (2n=12:2V,1J,2R,1D) might have derived from a sub-lineage of a pre-“sinobscura-hubeiensis” lineage by pericentric inversion of moderate-sized metacentric autosomes and D.hubeiensis (2n=10:4V,1D) from another sub-lineage of the same lineage by centric fusion of 2 pairs of acrocentric autosomes.Similar chromosomal changes of centric fusion,centric fission and/or pericentric inversion might have occurred during the course of species divergences between D.dianensis and D.subsilvestris (2n=12:3V,2R,1D),an European member closely related to D.dianensis,and between D.limingi and D.tsukubaensis (2n=12:3V,2R,1D),an East Asian member near to D.limingi.展开更多
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2012736)the Natural Science Foundation of Chuzhou University(No.2010kj006Z)
文摘The linear operations of the equivalent classes of crossed modules of Lie color algebras are studied. The set of the equivalent classes of crossed modules is proved to be a vector space, which is isomorphic with the homogeneous components of degree zero of the third cohomology group of Lie color algebras. As an application of this theory, the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras is described, and the result is proved that there is only one equivalent class of the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras when the abelian group Г is equal to Г＋. Finally, for a Witt type Lie color algebra, the classification of its crossed modules is obtained by the isomorphism between the third cohomology group and the crossed modules.
文摘We examined mitotic chromosomes of three newly found members of the Drosophila obscura species group,D.luguensis,D.dianensis and D.limingi from Yunnan and compared their karyotypes to those of respective related species.D.luguensis possessed a diploid number of 12 chromosomes,comprising 3 pairs of metacentrics (V-shaped),2 pairs of acrocentrics (rod-like) and 1 pair of micro-chromosomes (dot-like).Both the X and Y were metacentrics.D.dianensis and D.limingi possessed a diploid number of 10 chromosomes,comprising 1 pair of large V-shaped,1 pair of moderate-sized V-shaped,2 pairs of submetacentric (J-shaped) chromosomes,and 1 pairs of dot-like chromosomes,with their X chromosomes were J-shaped and Y chromosomes were short rod-like ones.Based upon the results of chromosomal comparisons,geographic information of the sinobscura subgroup,as well inter-specific phylogenetic relationship deduced elsewhere,D.luguensis was considered to retain an ancestral form of the karyotype within this subgroup.The present observations have also implied that D.sinobscura (2n=12:2V,1J,2R,1D) might have derived from a sub-lineage of a pre-“sinobscura-hubeiensis” lineage by pericentric inversion of moderate-sized metacentric autosomes and D.hubeiensis (2n=10:4V,1D) from another sub-lineage of the same lineage by centric fusion of 2 pairs of acrocentric autosomes.Similar chromosomal changes of centric fusion,centric fission and/or pericentric inversion might have occurred during the course of species divergences between D.dianensis and D.subsilvestris (2n=12:3V,2R,1D),an European member closely related to D.dianensis,and between D.limingi and D.tsukubaensis (2n=12:3V,2R,1D),an East Asian member near to D.limingi.
