卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中转导蛋白β样1X相关蛋白1、睾素2表达对病人的预后价值

目的探究卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中转导蛋白β样1X相关蛋白1(TBL1XR1)、睾素2蛋白表达水平及其与预后的关系。方法选取2015年4月至2017年4月南通大学附属肿瘤医院102例卵巢浆液性癌病人(恶性组),50例卵巢交界性浆液性肿瘤病人(交界组),48例卵巢良性浆液性肿瘤病人(良性组)。免疫组织化学法检测组织中TBL1XR1、睾素2蛋白表达。实时荧光定量PCR检测血清TBL1XR1、睾素2 mRNA表达水平。Kaplan-Meier分析TBL1XR1、睾素2蛋白不同表达情况与生存时间关系。Cox回归模型分析恶性组病人不良预后影响因素。受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析血清TBL1XR1、睾素2 mRNA对恶性组不良预后预测价值。结果恶性组TBL1XR1、睾素2蛋白高表达率高于交界组,交界组又高于良性组(P<0.05)。恶性组、交界组、良性组血清TBL1XR1(2.27±0.58,1.41±0.37,1.06±0.13)、睾素2 mRNA表达水平(2.66±0.67,1.58±0.40,1.09±0.15)逐次降低(P<0.05)。FIGO分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、淋巴结转移及组织学分级为高级别TBL1XR1、睾素2蛋白高表达率高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、淋巴结无转移及低级别(P<0.05)。生存分析显示,TBL1XR1、睾素2蛋白高表达组5年累积生存率分别低于TBL1XR1、睾素2低表达组(P<0.05)。Cox多因素回归分析,FIGO分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、淋巴结发生转移、组织学分级为高级别、TBL1XR1高表达、睾素2高表达是卵巢浆液性癌病人不良预后危险因素(P<0.05)。恶性组死亡病人血清TBL1XR1(2.65±0.61比1.82±0.54)、睾素2 mRNA表达水平(3.10±0.76比2.15±0.57)高于生存病人(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,血清TBL1XR1、睾素2 mRNA预测恶性组病人不良预后的曲线下面积(AUC)都为0.84;二者联合预测不良预后的AUC为0.94,优于TBL1XR1、睾素2 mRNA单独预测(Z=2.24、P=0.025,Z=2.17、P=0.030)。结论卵巢浆液性癌组织及血清TBL1XR1、睾素2均为高表达,与FIGO分期、淋巴结转移、组织学分级及不良预后密切相关,血清TBL1XR1联合睾素2具有较高的预后预测价值。

睾素2(SPOCK2)基因多态性与昆明地区新生儿支气管肺发育不良相关性

目的探讨睾素2(SPOCK2)基因多态性与昆明地区新生儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的相关性。方法选取2017年1-12月在云南省第一人民医院新生儿科住院的早产儿。56例患有BPD的早产儿为BPD组(其中男30例,女26例)。选取同期入住云南省第一人民医院NICU无肺部疾病的早产儿76例作为对照组(其中男30例,女46例)。采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)对SPOCK2基因多态性位点rs1245560和rs1049269进行检测。结果两组SPOCK2基因型频率均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,具有种群代表性。两组均以rs1245560 AC基因型和rs1049269 AG基因型的分布频率最高,但在两组人群中的分布差异均无统计学意义(P=0.249和P=0.060)。基因型分析显示,rs1245560的AA、CC和AC基因型在对照组和BPD组中的分布差异无统计学意义(分别为21.4%vs. 28.9%;17.9%vs. 21.1%;50.0%vs. 60.7%,P>0.05)。rs1049269的AA和GG基因型在两组中分布差异无统计学意义(分别为25.0%vs. 44.7%;32.1%vs.23.7%,均P>0.05);AG基因型在BPD组的分布频率明显高于对照组(42.9%vs.31.6%,P=0.039)。等位基因分析显示,rs1245560 A和C等位基因频率分布差异无统计学意义(48.2%vs. 46.1%,P=0.803);rs1049269 G等位基因频率在BPD组中明显高于对照组(53.6%vs. 39.5%,P=0.025)。结论 SPOCK2基因多态性位点rs1049269AG基因型和G等位基因频率和BPD有关,是BPD发病的高危易感因素。

睾素基因家族在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其临床意义的生物信息学分析

目的:通过生物信息学方法分析睾素基因家族(sparc/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan, SPOCK)在卵巢癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法:利用GEPIA和UALCAN数据库比较及验证SPOCK在正常卵巢组织及卵巢癌组织中的表达差异;利用GEPIA数据库评价SPOCK2表达对卵巢癌患者预后的影响;利用GeneMANIA网站预测SPOCK2的蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction, PPI)网络;利用DAVID对SPOCK2及其关键的互作基因进行基因富集(gene ontology, GO)分析和通路富集(kyotoencyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)分析。结果:在GEPIA数据库中,与正常卵巢组织相比,SPOCK2在卵巢癌组织中显著上调,而SPOCK、SPOCK3无显著差异表达。通过CPTAC数据库进一步确认SPOCK2蛋白水平在卵巢癌组织中高表达;此外,SPOCK2高表达患者的总生存率(overall survival, OS)均明显低于SPOCK2低表达患者。蛋白质互作网络分析揭示了包括SPOCK3、PLXNB3在内的20个关键互作分子;GO分析和KEGG分析揭示了SPOCK2及其关键互作分子的潜在分子机制。结论:SPOCK2在卵巢癌组织中高表达,且与卵巢癌的发生、发展及预后密切相关,可以作为卵巢癌诊断、预后预测的标志物之一。

表面接枝法制备睾酮素分子印迹表面等离子体共振传感器

构建了一种选择性检测睾酮素的分子印迹表面等离子体共振(Surface plasmon resonance,SPR)传感器。采用紫外光引发表面接枝技术,在固定引发转移终止剂的SPR芯片表面制备了以睾酮素为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂的分子印迹膜(Molecularly imprinted film,MIF)。利用SPR在目标共振角处现场监测使MIF聚合成膜过程更易控。偏振调制-红外反射吸收光谱表征证明MIF接枝成功。原子力显微镜结果显示,MIF表面均匀散布着纳米尺寸的孔穴。利用SPR对2.5×10^(-16)~2.5×10^(-6)mol/L睾酮素进行吸附检测,检出限低至2.5×10^(-16)mol/L,对低浓度和高浓度的睾酮素吸附分段进行线性拟合,得到拟合线性方程分别为y=19.69+1.21x(R^2=0.9913)和y=11.5+0.45x(R^2=0.9895);睾酮素类似物雌二醇、雌三醇和黄体酮的吸附实验结果显示,此印迹膜对模板分子有很好的选择性;5次重复洗脱吸附后,MIF仍保持较好的传感性能,说明此传感器具有较高的稳定性和重复利用性;在人工尿液样品中测得的睾酮素回收率为85.2%~92.8%,说明此传感器可以用于实际样品测定。

睾酮素与反社会倾向未成年犯的攻击行为:敌意注意偏向的中介和皮质醇的调节作用

为考察睾酮素与反社会倾向未成年犯攻击行为的关系,在整合攻击行为生物激素视角和社会认知视角的基础上,探究敌意注意偏向的中介作用与皮质醇的调节作用。对84名未成年犯的激素水平、敌意注意偏向以及攻击行为进行调查。结果显示:(1)敌意注意偏向(注意不稳定性、注意回避)在睾酮素对攻击行为的影响中起完全中介作用;(2)皮质醇调节睾酮素与敌意注意偏向的关系,仅在高皮质醇水平下,敌意注意偏向的中介效应显著。基于生物激素影响攻击行为的中介机制和调节机制,可尝试从增加对敌意刺激的注意回避和提高皮质醇水平两个方面对反社会倾向未成年犯的攻击暴力行为进行干预。

老人与海内部版——睾酮素始末

以"老人与海"的故事为背景,在老人锻炼和捕鱼的故事中科普肌肉训练中睾酮素的作用机理、变化情况及其生理功能,并给热爱健身的读者一些科学的指导。

米非司酮配伍小剂量甲基睾丸素治疗子宫内膜非典型增生68例临床分析

目的探索米非司酮联合甲基睾九素治疗子宫内膜非典型增生的新途径。方法对无禁忌症、拒绝手术并自愿接受米非司酮治疗的子宫内膜非典型增生的病人68例。应用米非司酮配伍小刑量甲基睾丸素治疗3—6个月，分别于治疗前、后对照阴道B超测量予宫内膜的厚度，剖宫组织的病理检查，并随访观察月经恢复情况及治疗效果。结果用药前、后子宫内膜厚度分别为：（6．10±0．92）mm及（1．51±0．36）mm，有明显著性差异，P〈0，05。用药后腺上皮呈增生早期改变，腺体分泌活动受抑制，间质致密，水肿消失，内膜腺体未见早期分泌相，间质细胞有丝分裂亦不明显，上皮与间质未见异型细胞。所有患者用药期问全部闭经，停药后28—68d（平均46d），月经恢复57例；11例绝经，2年治愈率为88．6％。结论米非司酮配伍小剂量甲基睾九素能有效抑制子宫内膜非典型增生，治疗效果满意。

检测性激素对临床诊断慢性前列腺炎患者的价值及意义

目的探讨临床检测性激素(睾酮-Testo、雌二醇-E_2和泌乳素-PRL)对诊断慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的价值及意义。方法回顾性分析我院2014年6月—2016年6月102例证实为慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者临床诊治资料,采用化学发光免疫分析法检测其性激素,设为观察组;另选取102例同期于我院健康体检的正常健康人员为对照组,检测其前列腺液中的性激素,比较与分析两组性激素水平。结果观察组患者E_2、Testo和PRL水平分别为(32.51±12.31)pg/ml、(2.14±0.51)ng/ml和(15.59±7.08)ng/ml,与对照组(14.61±5.42)pg/ml、(3.97±0.98)ng/ml和(14.72±4.69)ng/ml比较,u值分别为13.44、16.72和1.03,P值分别为0.00、0.00和0.30。结论相比正常健康人群来说,慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者性激素失衡对其疾病发生、发展具有重要作用,但有关性激素失衡对其他类型前列腺炎的发生及作用机制尚有待进一步研究。

血清SLPI、SPOCK2与卵巢癌临床病理特征关系及其在预后评估中的价值

目的探讨卵巢癌患者血清中分泌型白细胞蛋白酶抑制因子(SLPI)及睾素2(SPOCK2)的水平,并分析其作为卵巢癌不良预后预警模型的临床应用价值。方法将2018年1月至2019年11月于该院治疗的67例卵巢癌患者(卵巢癌组)和进行体检的48例健康者(对照组)纳入研究。检测血清SLPI、SPOCK2水平并分析与卵巢癌患者临床病理特征的关系;采用Kaplan-Merier生存曲线分析SLPI、SPOCK2表达与卵巢癌患者生存预后的关系;采用多因素Logistic回归模型对卵巢癌预后不良的危险因素进行分析;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价不良预后风险预测模型的预测效能。结果卵巢癌组血清SLPI、SPOCK2水平均高于对照组(t=2.038、2.203,P<0.05)。SLPI、SPOCK2阳性表达率在不同FIGO分期、肿瘤分化程度、有/无淋巴结转移以及有/无腹水的患者间比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.712、5.664、5.996、5.760,P<0.05;χ^(2)=6.976、4.570、9.254、5.641,P<0.05);生存曲线分析显示,SLPI和SPOCK2水平增加,患者的生存率降低(P<0.05);回归模型分析显示:SLPI阳性表达、SPOCK2阳性表达、FIGOⅢ+Ⅳ期、肿瘤低分化、淋巴结转移以及腹水是卵巢癌患者不良预后的危险因素(均P<0.05),由此构建的预警模型曲线下面积(AUC)为0.817,灵敏度为0.852,特异度为0.875。结论卵巢癌患者血清SLPI、SPOCK2水平升高、FIGOⅢ+Ⅳ分期、肿瘤低分化、淋巴结转移及腹水与卵巢癌不良预后密切相关,由此构建的预警模型对卵巢癌患者不良预后的预测具有重要的参考价值。

不同年龄小阴茎儿童的内分泌治疗

目的探讨激素治疗不同年龄小阴茎儿童的性腺反应和阴茎生长效果。方法纳入18岁以下单纯小阴茎患儿共25例,分为〈11岁组（青春前期）和≥11岁组（青春/青春后期）。≥11岁组予促绒毛膜性腺激素1 500～2 000 U肌肉注射,1次/周,6周为一疗程。〈11岁组予肌肉注射庚酸睾酮素25 mg/次,1次/月,3个月为一疗程。两组患儿均予测量激素治疗前后阴茎伸直长度及睾丸容积,治疗一疗程后予查血清睾酮素。结果治疗后,两组的阴茎长度及睾丸容积均有所增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。≥11岁组治疗前血清睾酮基础水平〈20 ng/m L,8周激素治疗后可达到（449.429±7.325）ng/m L（P〈0.01）。所有患儿均未见激素治疗不良反应表现。结论单纯小阴茎的治疗可直接给予睾酮素或刺激患儿身体自身产生睾酮素,治疗后阴茎的增长效果明显。

RDS早产儿SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平变化及相关性研究

目的 探究呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)早产儿睾素2(SPOCK2)、抵抗素样分子β(RELM-β)、微小RNA-21(miR-21)水平变化及相关性。方法 选取2019年1月至2020年1月在该院住院的50例RDS早产儿作为研究组,另选取同期于该院产科出生的50例健康早产儿作为对照组。研究组根据病情严重程度分为轻度组(20例)和中重度组(30例),根据神经发育有无损伤分为预后良好组(38例)和预后不良组(12例)。采用酶联免疫吸附实验检测所有受试早产儿SPOCK2、RELM-β水平,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测miR-21水平。比较研究组与对照组及不同病情严重程度、预后、临床病理特征RDS早产儿SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平,分析RDS早产儿SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平的相关性。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21单独和联合检测对早产儿RDS的诊断价值。结果 研究组SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。SPOCK2水平与RELM-β、miR-21均呈正相关(r=0.459、0.552,P<0.05),RELM-β水平与miR-21呈正相关(r=0.489,P<0.05)。中重度组SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平均高于轻度组(P<0.05)。预后不良组SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平均高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。新生儿窒息、母亲产前未使用糖皮质激素的RDS早产儿SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平高于无新生儿窒息、母亲产前使用糖皮质激素的RDS早产儿(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21联合检测诊断早产儿RDS的曲线下面积、灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于单独检测(P<0.05)。结论 RDS早产儿SPOCK2、RELM-β、miR-21水平均升高且相互呈正相关,3项指标联合检测对早产儿RDS具有一定诊断价值。

Preliminary Validation of High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Detection of Methyl-testosterone Residue in Carp Muscle

The use of synthetic anabolic steroid methyltestosterone (MT) as growth promoter is prohibited in China. Vali-dations of analytical methods for MT residue in food and the results obtained have become indispensable. The high perfor-mance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the detection of MT with liquid-liquid extraction by trichloromethane-methanol in carp muscle tissue was preliminarily validated with reference to the following parameters: recovery (accuracy)at the 1, 5 and 10mg kg-1 level, between-run and within-run CV values (repeatability, also called relative standard deviation(RSD)) and limit of detection. The recoveries were above 80% and the between-run and within-run CV values below 10%for muscle tissue. The limit of detection was 0.05 mg kg-1.

Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion in adult cocks

The effects ofpolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on reproduction of adult cocks were studied by gavaging peanut oil or PCBs (Aroclor 1254, 50 mg/kg) once a week for six consecutive weeks. Physiological parameters were recorded and gonads were removed at the end of experiment for histological examination. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the control and treatment group in body weight, respiration rate, heart rate, body temperature, and the numbers of red and white blood cells. However, there was a marked decrease in the testicular weight and serum testosterone level after PCB treatment. Morphological studies manifested severe damage of the seminiferous tubules by PCB. The number of the germ cells at the different developmental stages was decreased and condensed nuclei were observed in most of these cells. This study revealed that the reproductive function of the adult cocks is sensitive to PCBs, which inhibited mainly spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion.

Effects of total soy saponins on free radicals in the quadriceps femoris,serum testosterone,LDH,and BUN of exhausted rats

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of total soy saponins(TS) on the free radical metabolism from the quadriceps femoris muscle,serum testosterone,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in rats exercised to exhaustion.Methods:A one-time exhausted treadmill exercise session was used.Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups:a control group—animals receiving no TS and no exercise(NTSNE),animals receiving TS but no exercise group(TSNE),animals receiving no TS but exercised to exhaustion group(NTSE),and animals receiving TS and exercised to exhaustion group(TSE).The TSNE and TSE groups were fed TS at a dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight once per day for 2 weeks.The NTSE group was given a placebo,and the NTSNE group was not given any treatment.The NTSE and TSE groups were exercised at speed of 30 m/min on treadmill until exhausted.The exercise time and exercise distance were recorded when the rats became exhausted and the rats were then decapitated and anatomized immediately.A 10% homogenate of the quadriceps femoris tissue was prepared.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),glutathione reductase(GR),reduced glutathione(GSH),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),LDH,BUN,and serum testosterone were tested.Results:TS significantly increased the exercise time to exhaustion by 20.62%(p < 0.05).The MDA levels were decreased significantly in the TSNE group than in NTSNE group(p < 0.05);the T-AOC levels increased significantly in the TSNE group than in the other 3 groups(p < 0.01,p < 0.05,p < 0.05).The LDH activity significantly increased in the NTSE group than in TSNE group(p < 0.05).The BUN levels significantly increased in the NTSE group than in the other 3 groups(p < 0.01,p < 0.01,p < 0.05),and significantly increased in the TSE group than in NTSNE and TSNE groups(both p < 0.01).The serum testosterone levels increased significantly in the TSNE group than in the other 3 groups(all p < 0.01).SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,GR,and GSH were not statistically different among the groups.Conclusion:TS can significantly improve the exercised rats' serum testosterone level and antioxidant activity in their quadriceps femoris to varying degrees,decrease MDA and serum LDH and BUN levels,increase the exercise time,and delay the occurrence of the fatigue.

Serum measurements of testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer among Korean men

Aim： To investigate the relationships of serum testosterone, insulin-like growth factor （IGF）- 1 and IGF-binding protein （IGFBP）-3 levels with prostate cancer risk and also with known prognostic parameters of prostate cancer in Korean men who received radical retropubic prostatectomy （RRP） for clinically-localized prostate cancer. Methods： Serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were determined in 592 patients who subsequently received prostate biopsy. Results were compared between patients who eventually received RRP for prostate cancer （n = 159） and those who were not diagnosed with prostate cancer from biopsy （control group, n = 433）. Among the prostate cancer only patients, serum hormonal levels obtained were analyzed in relation to serum prostate specific antigen （PSA）, pathological T stage and pathological Gleason score. Results： Prostate cancer patients and the control group demon- strated no significant differences regarding serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 across the different age groups. Among the cancer only patients, no significant associations were observed for serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels with pathological T stage, pathological Oleason score and preoperative PSA. Conclusion： Our data indicate that simple quantifications of serum testosterone and IGF-1 along with IGFBP-3 levels might not provide useful clinical information in the diagnosis of clinically localized prostate cancer in Korean men. Also, our results suggest that serum levels of testosterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 might not be significantly associated with known prognostic factors of clinically localized prostate cancer in Korean men. （Asian J Androl 2008 Mar; 10： 207-213）

Androgen deficiency in elderly men with systolic chronic heart failure

Objective Several previous studies have shown androgens deficiency in men with CHF, and 2 studies on the prognostic significance of serum levels of androgens in CHF patients have yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum concentration of testosterone and mortality in men with systolic CHE Methods A total of 175 elderly （age ≥ 60 years） men with CHF were recruited. Total testosterone fiT） and sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG） were measured, and free serum testosterone （eFT） was calculated. The median follow-up time was 1262 days. Results During follow-up 54 （30.9%） patients died. TT and eFF deficiency was found in 21.7% （38/175） and 27.4% （48/175） patients, respectively. Both TT and eFT were inversely associated with LVEF and NT-proBNP （all P〈0.01）. Kaplan-Meier curves for patients in low, medium and high tertiles according to TF and eFT level showed significantly different cumulative survival rate （both P〈0.01 by log-rank test）. However, after adjustment for clinical variables, there were no significant associations between either Tr or eFT levels or survival time （OR=0.97, 95% CI, 0.84-1.12, P--0.28; and OR=0.92, 95% CI, 0.82-1.06,/＇=0.14, respectively）. Conclusion Our study showed that although levels of TT and eFT are commonly decreased in elderly patients with systolic CHF and related to disease severity, they are not independent predictors for mortality

Study of androgen and atherosclerosis in old-age male

Objective： To observe the difference of androgen and inflammatory cytokines level in atherosclerosis and analyse their relations. Method： Both carotid arteries and arteries of lower extremity were subjected to ultrasonic examination by Doppier＇s method. Those with much atheromatous plaque formation were ranged into case group, and those with normal result formed control group. Total, free testosterone and estradiol were assayed by radioimmunoassay. C reactive protein （CRP） was assayed by nepheloturbidity. Tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）, lnterleukin-6 （IL-6）, lnterleukin-8 （IL-8）, lnterleukin-10 （IL-10）, Interleukin-18 （IL-18）, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1） and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （sVCAM-1） were assayed by ELISA. The mean difference between two groups and the correlation between free testosterone and cytokines were analysed. Results： Free testosterone was （6.337±3.371） pg/L in case group and （11.375±4.733）pg/L in control group, P〈0.01. No differences were found in total testosterone and estradiol. CRP was （27.294±10.238）mg/L in case group and （12.843±6.318） mg/L in control group, P〈0.01. IL-6 was （41.700±31.385）pg/L in case group and （25.396±20.772）pg/L in control group, P〈0.05. IL-8 was （89.249±58.357）pg/L in case group and （67.873±31.227）pg/L in control group, P〈0.05. sICAM-1 was （470.491±134.078）pg/L in case group and （368.487±97.183）pg/L in control group, P〈0.01. sVCAM-1 was （537.808±213.172）pg/L in case group and （457.275±157.273）pg/L in control group, P〈0.05. There were no differences in TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-18. Correlation analysis showed that FT （free testosterone） had negative correlation with CRP, IL-6 and sICAM-1. Among them FT had well correlation with CRP, correlation index was -0.678. Conclusion： Free testosterone was in negative correlation with atherosclerosis in old-age male. Free testosterone may have the role of anti-atherosclerosis, and this effect was not achieved by its transformation to estradiol. Low tree testosterone level was followed by increased level of inflammatory cytokines. Low free testosterones coexist with inflammation and they both affect the process of atherosclerosis in old-age male.

Inhibitine Effects of Sino-implant Plus Testosterene Undecanoate(TU) on Spermatogenesis in Chinese Men

The purpose of this study was to use a kind of safe,long acting and reversible hormonal regimen for male contraception .The studied regimen was a subdermal insertion of a two rod implant (Sino implant, each rod containing 75 mg levenorgestrel LNG) in each subject's forearm, followed 3 weeks after by monthly injection of TU (Testosterone Undecanoate 250 mg) for 3 months. Eighteen weeks after implantation, the Sino implant was removed. There were altogether 16 male volunteers recruited in the entire research program. Among them 6 cases reached azoospermia; one case reached oligozoospermia (sperm density <3 million/ml); 5 cases' sperm density declined greatly, the lowest to be 5.7±1.3 million/ml; the other four cases' sperm density also declined, but remained within normal range (above 20 million/ml), the lowest to be 24.5±9.0 million/ml. The duration to reach azoospermia was 16.7±0.5 weeks. The duration to resume to normal range of sperm density was 8.2±2.5 weeks in the subjects with azoospermia and oligozoospermia. In the first two weeks after insertion the LNG release of Sino implant's mean serum LNG level was about 0.38 ng/ml, in the rest of the time the LNG levels in blood was rather constant about 0.24 ng/ml. Routine analyses of blood and urine, liver and kidney functions, and blood chemistry including those parameters (TG,TC,HDL C,LDL C) of lipid metabolism didn't change much throughout the research. All the subjects' libido and sex function were well kept. Clinical observation didn't show any other adverse effects during the research.

ANNUAL CHANGES IN PLASMA LEVELS OF CORTISOL AND SEX STEROID HORMONES IN MALE RAINBOW TROUT, ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS

The profiles of cortisol, testosterone, 11 ketotestosterone and 17α, 20β dihydroxy 4 pregnene 3 one in male rainbow trout reared under constant water temperature and natural photoperiod were determined by radioimmunoassay. Gonads of male rainbow trout reached maturity when the fish were two years old. Changes in the plasma levels of both sex steroid hormones and cortisol were closely related to the GSI. Plasma levels of testosterone, 11 ketotestosterone and 17α, 20β dihydroxy 4 pregnene 3 one showed a clear peak in the annual breeding season, when the GSI reached their maxima. Plasma cortisol levels also showed clearly seasonal changes in both two and three year old fish. The results suggest that the elevated plasma levels of cortisol may not just be due to stresses during the breeding season but have certain physiological functions in the reproduction of rainbow trout.

Does testosterone prevent early postoperative complications after gastrointestinal surgery?

AIM:To investigate the role of sex hormones in the early postoperative complications of gastrointestinal diseases. METHODS:A total of 65 patients who underwent operations for gastric and colorectal diseases(mainly malignant diseases)were included in the study. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at different times for analysis of estradiol,testosterone and progesterone.The only study endpoint was analysis of postoperative complications. RESULTS:Patients of both sexes were uniform but postoperative complication rate was significantly higher in female patients(P=0.027).There was no significant association of estradiol and progesterone with postoperative complications.Testosterone levels in complicated patients were significantly lower than in uncomplicated patients(P<0.05).Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that a lower value of testosterone was a predictor for higher complication rate(P<0.05),and a lower value oftestosterone at later times after surgery was a better predictor of complications. CONCLUSION:Patients with low testosterone level were prone to higher postoperative complications,which was evident in both sexes.However,further studies are necessary to support this result.