太阳能辅助加热户用沼气系统的瞬时计算分析

设计了太阳能辅助加热户用沼气池系统。太阳集热器集热通过螺旋管换热器加热沼液。为了评价系统的加热效果,对系统进行优化设计,建立了系统数学模型,对系统冬季运行情况进行计算分析。结果表明,太阳能辅助加热户用沼气系统能有效提高沼气池内温度。

基于瞬时漏感参数特性识别电流互感器匝间短路故障

提出一种快捷的电流互感器匝间短路等效瞬时漏感的计算方法,通过二次侧绕组直流电阻、漏感、二次侧负载等相关试验参数和二次电流采样值便可计算出电流互感器匝间短路等效瞬时漏感。对计算结果的分析可知,电流互感器发生匝间短路故障时,其故障相与非故障相的等效瞬时漏感相位相反,且非故障相的等效瞬时漏感为无穷大。仿真实验结果验证了上述特性,其可以作为电流互感器匝间短路故障的判据。另外,仿真实验结果显示,正常运行时,各相等效瞬时漏感的计算值呈现正负交替的特征,可作为电流互感器匝间短路故障的判据。电流互感器正常运行时,根据二次不平衡电流计算出的等效瞬时漏感幅值随不平衡电流变化,利用该特性可防止保护在流过不平衡电流时误动。

中小流域洪峰流量的计算方法探讨

本文首先以樊河流域的流域特征作为一个重要切入点,探讨了洪峰流量的计算方法和理论分析,分别概括为推理公式法、经验公式法和瞬时单位线计算法,并以此为依据,提出推理公式法、经验公式法适合计算中小流域且缺乏水文资料的河流,瞬时单位线计算法适合计算流域面积在100 km2以上的河段。在开展防洪工程、河湖管理范围划定等工作时,要注重不同流域特征下洪峰流量计算方法的选择,为水利部门的工作提供重要依据。

单相三电平脉冲整流器无锁相环直接功率控制

以单相三电平脉冲整流器为研究对象,以取消网侧电压锁相环,实现有功和无功功率解耦控制为目的,首先,建立单相三电平脉冲整流器数学模型。其次,根据有功和无功功率定义,提出一种单相无锁相环(phase-locked loop,PLL)瞬时功率计算方法,并给出详细证明过程,在此基础上,提出一种频率补偿算法,以实现无锁相环非同步旋转坐标系坐标变换。然后,分析了基于功率前馈解耦的PI控制与内嵌中点电位平衡的单相三电平空间矢量调制(space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM)相结合的单相三电平脉冲整流器控制策略。最后,对所提出的无锁相环直接功率控制与SVPWM算法进行了计算机仿真和半实物实验验证,仿真和实验结果都验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。

基于网络同步技术的在线电晕损耗监测系统设计

基于GPS授时技术设计了网络同步采集卡,进行高压交流输电线路电晕信号的测量。采集卡采样频率可达每通道10 MS/s,使用TCP/IP协议进行数据传输;可介入局域网或互联网。利用瞬时功率法对高压输电线路的电晕损耗进行分析计算,使用首端电阻法对薄膜电阻法测量电晕损耗的可行性进行了进一步验证。实验结果表明,系统抗干扰能力强,能获得电晕放电信号的细节信息,实用性较强。

基于线调频小波路径追踪的滚动轴承故障特征提取

针对齿轮噪源以及变转速的工作条件双重干扰下的滚动轴承的故障诊断,提出了一种基于线调频小波路径追踪的滚动轴承故障特征提取方法。对混合信号进行Hilbert变换得到包络信号,并在满足采样定理的条件下对包络信号进行降采样;对降采样包络信号应用线调频小波路径追踪算法提取轴承的瞬时故障特征频率趋势线,再对轴承的瞬时故障特征频率趋势线和转速曲线进行等时间重采样,并求各时间点的计算瞬时故障特征系数;根据计算瞬时故障特征系数与轴承的外圈、内圈和滚动体的故障特征系数进行比较,完成故障诊断。通过处理仿真信号和实测信号证明了该方法在不对混合信号进行滤波和使用阶比分析的情况下,不仅能检测滚动轴承是否出现故障,而且能确定故障的发生位置。

绝对式线速度传感器标定系统原理与实现

介绍了绝对式线速度传感器标定系统的基本标定原理,以及标定系统的具体实现方法.采用计算瞬时平均速度获得标准速度,有效解决了绝对式线速度传感器标定难的问题.由于工业控制计算机和单片机的引入,提高了系统的自动化、智能化程度,以及系统的可靠性.

Calculation of all-time apparent resistivity of large loop transient electromagnetic method with very fast simulated annealing

In large loop transient electromagnetic method(TEM),the late time apparent resistivity formula cannot truly reflect the geoelectric model,thus it needs to define the all-time apparent resistivity with the position information of measuring point.Utilizing very fast simulated annealing(VFSA) to fit the theoretical electromagnetic force(EMF) and measured EMF could obtain the all-time apparent resistivity of the measuring points in rectangular transmitting loop.The selective cope of initial model of VFSA could be confirmed by taking the late time apparent resistivity of transient electromagnetic method as the prior information.For verifying the correctness,the all-time apparent resistivities of the geoelectric models were calculated by VFSA and dichotomy,respectively.The results indicate that the relative differences of apparent resistivities calculated by these two methods are within 3%.The change of measuring point position has little influence on the tracing pattern of all-time apparent resistivity.The first branch of the curve of all-time apparent resistivity is close to the resistivity of the first layer medium and the last branch is close to the resistivity of the last layer medium,which proves the correctness of the arithmetics proposed.

A novel digital control strategy of three-phase shunt active power filter under non-ideal mains voltages

A novel control strategy for three-phase shunt active power filter (SAPF) was proposed to improve its performance under non-ideal mains voltages. The approach was inspired by our finding that the classic instantaneous reactive power theory based algorithm was unsatisfactory in terms of isolating positive sequence fundamental active components exactly under non-ideal mains voltages. So, a modified ip-iq reference current calculation method was presented. With usage of the new method, not only the positive sequence but also the fundamental active current components can be accurately isolated from load current. A deadbeat closed-loop control model is built in order to eliminate both delay error and tracking error between reference voltages and compensation voltages under unbalanced and distorted mains voltages. Computer simulation results show that the proposed strategy is effective with better tracking ability and lower total harmonic distortion (THD). The strategy is also applied to a 10 kV substation with a local electrolysis manganese plant injecting a large amount of harmonics into the power system, and is proved to be more practical and efficient.

Different Options Regarding Power Components in Electric Circuits

This paper describes two methods of representation of voltages and currents in electric circuits： in the vector form and in the shape of oscillations, represented as diagrams in the plane. The appropriate power components are discussed depending on the representation of voltages and currents. Special attention is paid to the instantaneous power peculiarities for diverse loads and non-sinusoidal conditions. A case study of power calculations in an electric circuit with a pluggable capacitor is presented. For these types of transient modes, the instantaneous power is represented in the form of active and reactive components. Calculation of active, reactive, and exchange powers for steady-state processes is presented.

基于最优潮流理论的风电、梯级水电短期联合优化调度

为了协调多电源短期联合调度方案经济性与可靠性之间的关系,需要建立高效、实用的模型,并采用新型优化算法对调度模型进行求解。本文基于最优潮流理论建立多电源短期联合优化调度模型,在目标函数中考虑电力系统的经济性与可靠性指标,在约束条件中考虑电源约束条件和电网约束条件。在计算发电系统可靠性时,采用基于运行状态的瞬时可靠性评估法,有效避免了传统可靠性评估方法在评估风电等波动性较大电源方面的不足。最后以IEEE-30节点系统为例验证本文提出的优化调度模型和算法,结果表明,本文的联合调度策略可提高系统的可靠性指标,降低风电场的弃风量,增加梯级水电与风电的上网电量,保证火电输出功率的平稳性。