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论共同实行犯中实行过限之认定路径
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作者 喻美玲 《法制与经济》 2019年第11期124-127,共4页
实行过限是实行犯实施了超出共同故意的行为。未实行过限人对过限行为及结果不承担责任。知情说与预见说为司法实务所采纳,但知情、预见不等同于持故意心态。作为义务理论可以补充知情说的不足,高度盖然性则可补充以预见说认定实行过限... 实行过限是实行犯实施了超出共同故意的行为。未实行过限人对过限行为及结果不承担责任。知情说与预见说为司法实务所采纳,但知情、预见不等同于持故意心态。作为义务理论可以补充知情说的不足,高度盖然性则可补充以预见说认定实行过限的漏洞。文章认为在确定事先谋议的共同犯罪范围后,部分实行人实施了不同于事先谋议的犯罪时,其他共同实行人对此行为是否存在故意,可先判断其他共同实行人事前对此行为是否有预见,并以高度盖然性弥补预见说之不足,然后判断实行人在其他共同实行人实施行为时是否知情,进而以不作为理论填补知情说标准之漏洞。 展开更多
关键词 实行过限 知情说 预见 作为义务
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Thought Confidence: Consumer Emotions and the Confidence Premise Hypothesis
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作者 Hsuan-Yi Chou 《Management Studies》 2016年第5期219-226,共8页
Thought confidence, a subjective perception of metacognition, and the accompanying self-validated effects that occur when thought confidence is induced after exposure to persuasive messages have recently received incr... Thought confidence, a subjective perception of metacognition, and the accompanying self-validated effects that occur when thought confidence is induced after exposure to persuasive messages have recently received increasing attention from scholars. This construct/mechanism has received little exploration in the past, while there remain important research gaps. One question is whether thought confidence can play different roles when induced at different times; another is whether more variables can be identified which effectively induce confidence in existing or subsequent thoughts. The current paper examines a possible antecedent of thought confidence (i.e., consumer emotions) and explores the effects of thought confidence induced in consumers before they are exposed to advertisements. The author posited the confidence premise hypothesis, which holds that higher consumer confidence is a prerequisite for the significantly positive effects of argument strength in advertisements. Eighty-one undergraduates participated in a 2 (emotions: good moods vs. neutral moods) × 2 (argument strength: strong arguments vs. weak arguments) between-subjects experiment. Experimental results indicate that consumers' emotions positively affect their confidence in thoughts generated later. There is an anticipated pattern of interaction between emotions and argument strength in affecting advertising effectiveness, which supports the confidence premise hypothesis. The implications of these and other findings are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 thought confidence METACOGNITION self-validated hypothesis consumer emotions confidence premisehypothesis argument strength
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