With the rapid development of globalization and information technology,intellectual property has been one of the key drivers of economic growth,and the construction of intellectual property system has become an import...With the rapid development of globalization and information technology,intellectual property has been one of the key drivers of economic growth,and the construction of intellectual property system has become an important criterion for measuring the quality of business environment.This article is intended to explore the current status of intellectual property system construction in China,the challenges,and its relationship with the business environment,to propose the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.The study finds that the legal system of intellectual property in China is gradually improving,and judicial and administrative protection are continuously strengthened.However,the challenges still remain such as frequent infringements,rights hard to protect and insufficient international cooperation.These issues not only affect the legitimate rights and interests of innovation entities,but also for the market fairness and the level of the business environment.Therefore,this article proposes that strengthening the perfection of the intellectual property legal system,enhancing intellectual property services and support capabilities,strengthening international cooperation and exchanges,and accelerating the cultivation of composite talents.It aims to provide theoretical references for the construction of intellectual property system and the optimization of the business environment,promote the high-quality development of economy and enhance the global competitiveness of the country.展开更多
A multipurpose image watermarking technique based on DCT is proposed to notify and protect the copyright of digital products. In order to achieve this objective, the DCT coefficients of each image block are divided in...A multipurpose image watermarking technique based on DCT is proposed to notify and protect the copyright of digital products. In order to achieve this objective, the DCT coefficients of each image block are divided into two parts for embedding the visible and invisible watermarks. The visible watermark is embedded in each DC DCT coefficient and most of the AC DCT coefficients of every block, and the invisible watermark in the rest. Based on the characteristics of Human Visual System (HVS), the embedding strength of the visible watermark is varied in accordance with the underlying content of the host image. The invisible watermark is embedded in a quaternity of midrange frequencies. Experimental results show that the visible watermark is hard to remove and the invisible watermark is robust to common digital signal processing operations.展开更多
The pressurized water reactor CAP1400 is one of the sixteen National Science and Technology Major Projects. Developed from China＇s nuclear R＆D system and manufacturing capability, as well as APIO00 technology introd...The pressurized water reactor CAP1400 is one of the sixteen National Science and Technology Major Projects. Developed from China＇s nuclear R＆D system and manufacturing capability, as well as APIO00 technology introduction and assimilation, CAP1400 is an advanced large passive nuclear power plant with independent intellectual property rights. By discussing the top design principle, main performance objectives, general parameters, safety design, and important improvements in safety, economy, and oth- er advanced features, this paper reveals the technology innovation and competitiveness of CAP1400 as an internationally promising Gen-IIl PWR model. Moreover, the R＆D of CAP1400 has greatly promoted China＇s domestic nuclear power industry from the Gen-II to the Gen-III level.展开更多
Twelve samples with periodic array square pillars microstructure were prepared on the silicon wafer by plasma etching techniques, on which space b of the square pillars increased from 5 to 60 μm. In order to study th...Twelve samples with periodic array square pillars microstructure were prepared on the silicon wafer by plasma etching techniques, on which space b of the square pillars increased from 5 to 60 μm. In order to study the effect ofb on the wettability of the rough surface, the effects of apparent contact angle （CA） and sliding angle （a） of the droplet on the rough surface were measured with the contact angle meter. The results show that the experimental values of CA well agree with the classical wetting theory and a decreases with the increase of b. Two drop shapes exist on the samples＇ surface, corresponding to the Cassie state and the Wenzel state respectively. The contact state in which a drop would settle depends typically on the size of b. On the role of gravitation, the irreversible transition of a drop from Cassie state to Wenzel state should occur at a certain space of the square pillars. Since the transition has implications on the application of super-hydrophobic rough surfaces, theoretically, the prediction of wetting state transition on square pillar array micro-structured surfaces provides an intuitionistic guidance for the design of steady superhydrophobic surfaces.展开更多
In cognitive radio network(CRN), a secondary user(SU) may utilize the spectrum resource of the primary user(PU) and avoid causing harmful interference to the primary network(PN) via spectrum sensing. In the traditiona...In cognitive radio network(CRN), a secondary user(SU) may utilize the spectrum resource of the primary user(PU) and avoid causing harmful interference to the primary network(PN) via spectrum sensing. In the traditional time spectrum sensing, the SU cannot detect the PU's presence during its transmission, thus increasing interference to the PN. In this work, a novel weighed cooperative bandwidth spectrum sensing method is proposed, which allows multiple SUs to use part of the bandwidth to perform cooperative spectrum sensing throughout the whole frame in order to detect the PU's reappearance in time. The SU's spectrum efficiency is maximized by jointly optimizing sensing bandwidth proportion, number of cooperative SUs and detection probability, subject to the constraints on the SU's interference and the false alarm probability. Simulation results show significant decrease on the interference and improvement on the spectrum efficiency using the proposed weighed cooperative bandwidth spectrum sensing method.展开更多
The objective of steganography is to hide message securely in cover objects for secret communication.How to design a secure steganographic algorithm is still major challenge in this re-search field.In this letter,deve...The objective of steganography is to hide message securely in cover objects for secret communication.How to design a secure steganographic algorithm is still major challenge in this re-search field.In this letter,developing secure steganography is formulated as solving a constrained IP(Integer Programming) problem,which takes the relative entropy of cover and stego distributions as the objective function.Furthermore,a novel method is introduced based on BPSO(Binary Particle Swarm Optimization) for achieving the optimal solution of this programming problem.Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve excellent performance on preserving neighboring co-occurrence features for JPEG steganography.展开更多
With the rapid development of integrated circuit(IC)technology,reusable intelligent property(IP)core design is widely valued by the industry.Based on the in-depth study of the functional characteristics of advanced mi...With the rapid development of integrated circuit(IC)technology,reusable intelligent property(IP)core design is widely valued by the industry.Based on the in-depth study of the functional characteristics of advanced microcontroller bus architecture(AMBA),a design scheme of IP core is presented,and it is divided into the functional modules,and the structural design of the IP core is completed.The relationship between the internal modules of the IP core is clarified,and the top-down design method is used to build the internal architecture of the IP core.The IP core interface module,register module,baud rate module,transmit module,receive module,and interrupt module are designed in detail by using Verilog language.The simulation results show that the designed IP core supports serial peripheral interface(SPI)protocol,the function coverage of IP core reaches 100%,the maximum working frequency reaches 200 MHz,and the resource occupancy rate is less than 15%.The reusable IP core can support multiple data formats,multiple timing transmission modes,and master/slave operation modes,reducing the resource consumption of hardware circuits and having stronger applicability.展开更多
AIM： To characterize the gastric myoelectric activity （GMA） and intra-abdominal pressure changes induced by emetic stimuli （apomorphine and cisplatin） in the ferret. METHODS： GMA and intra-abdominal pressure wer...AIM： To characterize the gastric myoelectric activity （GMA） and intra-abdominal pressure changes induced by emetic stimuli （apomorphine and cisplatin） in the ferret. METHODS： GMA and intra-abdominal pressure were recorded in conscious, unrestrained ferrets surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters. Animals were challenged with apomorphine （0.25 mg/kg sc） and cisplatin （10 mg/kg ip）, and the emetic response was quantified via direct observation and intra-abdominal pressure recording for 1 and 4 h, respectively. The GMA was analyzed by spectral analysis; the parameters used to characterize the GMA were the dominant frequency （DF） and the repartition of spectral power in the bradygastric, normogastric and tachygastric frequency ranges. RESULTS： Retches were identified on the intraabdominal pressure trace as peaks 0.30 ± 1.01 s in duration and 59.57 ± 2.74 mmHg in amplitude, vomit peaks were longer （0.82 ± 0.06 s, P 〈 0.01） and reached a higher pressure （87.73 ± 8.12 mmHg, P 〈 0.001）. The number of retches and vomits quantified via direct observation [apomorphine： 65.5 ± 11.8 retches ± vomits （R＋V）, cisplatin： 202.6 ± 64.1 R＋V] and intra-abdominal pressure （apomorphine： 68.3± 13.7 R＋V, n = 8; cisplatin： 219.0 ± 69.2 R＋V, n = 8） were correlated （r = 0.97, P 〈 0.0001） and the timing of emesis was consistent between the 2 methods. Apomorphine induced a decrease in normogastria from 45.48% ± 4.35% to 36.70 ± 4.34% （n = 8, P 〈 0.05） but the DF of the slow waves was not changed [8.95 ± 0.25 counts/rain （cpm） vs 8.68 ± 0.35 cpm, n = 8, P 〉 0.05]. Cisplatin induced a decrease in normogastria from 55.83% ± 4.30% to 29.22% ± 5.16% and an increase in bradygastria from 14.28% ± 2.32% to 31.19% ± 8.33% （n = 8, P 〈 0.001） but the DF （9.14 ± 0.13 cpm） remained unchanged （P 〉 0.05）. The GMA changes induced by cisplatin preceded the emetic response as normogastria was reduced for 1 h before the onset of emesis （57.61% ± 5.66% to 39.91% ± 5.74%, n = 6, P 〈 0.05）. Peri-emesis analysis revealed that the GMA was significantly disturbed during and immediately after, but not immediately before, the emetic episodes. CONCLUSION： The induction of emesis is reliably associated with a disrupted GMA, but changes may also occur prior to and following the emetic response.展开更多
This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyze...This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyzes the significance of strengthening the protection of proprietary IPRs and implementing a strategy for technology standards and then discusses the actual work and future arrangement of proprietary IPRs and technology standard strategies. It points out that the enhancement of proprietary IPRs protection and implementation of technology standard strategies is the only way for enterprises to remain competitive.展开更多
基金Guizhou Provincial University Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project in 2024"Enhancing the Development of New Productive Forces through University Technological Innovation and Intellectual Property Management"(2024RW256)Guizhou University of Commerce Research Project in 2022"Study on the Ideas and Pathways to Drive Agricultural Powerhouse through Digital Economy"(2022XJZX315)。
文摘With the rapid development of globalization and information technology,intellectual property has been one of the key drivers of economic growth,and the construction of intellectual property system has become an important criterion for measuring the quality of business environment.This article is intended to explore the current status of intellectual property system construction in China,the challenges,and its relationship with the business environment,to propose the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.The study finds that the legal system of intellectual property in China is gradually improving,and judicial and administrative protection are continuously strengthened.However,the challenges still remain such as frequent infringements,rights hard to protect and insufficient international cooperation.These issues not only affect the legitimate rights and interests of innovation entities,but also for the market fairness and the level of the business environment.Therefore,this article proposes that strengthening the perfection of the intellectual property legal system,enhancing intellectual property services and support capabilities,strengthening international cooperation and exchanges,and accelerating the cultivation of composite talents.It aims to provide theoretical references for the construction of intellectual property system and the optimization of the business environment,promote the high-quality development of economy and enhance the global competitiveness of the country.
文摘A multipurpose image watermarking technique based on DCT is proposed to notify and protect the copyright of digital products. In order to achieve this objective, the DCT coefficients of each image block are divided into two parts for embedding the visible and invisible watermarks. The visible watermark is embedded in each DC DCT coefficient and most of the AC DCT coefficients of every block, and the invisible watermark in the rest. Based on the characteristics of Human Visual System (HVS), the embedding strength of the visible watermark is varied in accordance with the underlying content of the host image. The invisible watermark is embedded in a quaternity of midrange frequencies. Experimental results show that the visible watermark is hard to remove and the invisible watermark is robust to common digital signal processing operations.
文摘The pressurized water reactor CAP1400 is one of the sixteen National Science and Technology Major Projects. Developed from China＇s nuclear R＆D system and manufacturing capability, as well as APIO00 technology introduction and assimilation, CAP1400 is an advanced large passive nuclear power plant with independent intellectual property rights. By discussing the top design principle, main performance objectives, general parameters, safety design, and important improvements in safety, economy, and oth- er advanced features, this paper reveals the technology innovation and competitiveness of CAP1400 as an internationally promising Gen-IIl PWR model. Moreover, the R＆D of CAP1400 has greatly promoted China＇s domestic nuclear power industry from the Gen-II to the Gen-III level.
基金Project(50435030) supported by the National Natural Science foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Chinese University Project(GZ080010) supported by the Open Research Fund Program of Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Photon Manufacturing Science and Technology
文摘Twelve samples with periodic array square pillars microstructure were prepared on the silicon wafer by plasma etching techniques, on which space b of the square pillars increased from 5 to 60 μm. In order to study the effect ofb on the wettability of the rough surface, the effects of apparent contact angle （CA） and sliding angle （a） of the droplet on the rough surface were measured with the contact angle meter. The results show that the experimental values of CA well agree with the classical wetting theory and a decreases with the increase of b. Two drop shapes exist on the samples＇ surface, corresponding to the Cassie state and the Wenzel state respectively. The contact state in which a drop would settle depends typically on the size of b. On the role of gravitation, the irreversible transition of a drop from Cassie state to Wenzel state should occur at a certain space of the square pillars. Since the transition has implications on the application of super-hydrophobic rough surfaces, theoretically, the prediction of wetting state transition on square pillar array micro-structured surfaces provides an intuitionistic guidance for the design of steady superhydrophobic surfaces.
基金Project(61471194)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BK20140828)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,ChinaProjects(NS2015088,DUT16RC(3)045)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘In cognitive radio network(CRN), a secondary user(SU) may utilize the spectrum resource of the primary user(PU) and avoid causing harmful interference to the primary network(PN) via spectrum sensing. In the traditional time spectrum sensing, the SU cannot detect the PU's presence during its transmission, thus increasing interference to the PN. In this work, a novel weighed cooperative bandwidth spectrum sensing method is proposed, which allows multiple SUs to use part of the bandwidth to perform cooperative spectrum sensing throughout the whole frame in order to detect the PU's reappearance in time. The SU's spectrum efficiency is maximized by jointly optimizing sensing bandwidth proportion, number of cooperative SUs and detection probability, subject to the constraints on the SU's interference and the false alarm probability. Simulation results show significant decrease on the interference and improvement on the spectrum efficiency using the proposed weighed cooperative bandwidth spectrum sensing method.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60572111)
文摘The objective of steganography is to hide message securely in cover objects for secret communication.How to design a secure steganographic algorithm is still major challenge in this re-search field.In this letter,developing secure steganography is formulated as solving a constrained IP(Integer Programming) problem,which takes the relative entropy of cover and stego distributions as the objective function.Furthermore,a novel method is introduced based on BPSO(Binary Particle Swarm Optimization) for achieving the optimal solution of this programming problem.Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve excellent performance on preserving neighboring co-occurrence features for JPEG steganography.
文摘With the rapid development of integrated circuit(IC)technology,reusable intelligent property(IP)core design is widely valued by the industry.Based on the in-depth study of the functional characteristics of advanced microcontroller bus architecture(AMBA),a design scheme of IP core is presented,and it is divided into the functional modules,and the structural design of the IP core is completed.The relationship between the internal modules of the IP core is clarified,and the top-down design method is used to build the internal architecture of the IP core.The IP core interface module,register module,baud rate module,transmit module,receive module,and interrupt module are designed in detail by using Verilog language.The simulation results show that the designed IP core supports serial peripheral interface(SPI)protocol,the function coverage of IP core reaches 100%,the maximum working frequency reaches 200 MHz,and the resource occupancy rate is less than 15%.The reusable IP core can support multiple data formats,multiple timing transmission modes,and master/slave operation modes,reducing the resource consumption of hardware circuits and having stronger applicability.
基金Supported by A PhD studentship from Merck Research Laboratories (to Percie du Sert N)
文摘AIM： To characterize the gastric myoelectric activity （GMA） and intra-abdominal pressure changes induced by emetic stimuli （apomorphine and cisplatin） in the ferret. METHODS： GMA and intra-abdominal pressure were recorded in conscious, unrestrained ferrets surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters. Animals were challenged with apomorphine （0.25 mg/kg sc） and cisplatin （10 mg/kg ip）, and the emetic response was quantified via direct observation and intra-abdominal pressure recording for 1 and 4 h, respectively. The GMA was analyzed by spectral analysis; the parameters used to characterize the GMA were the dominant frequency （DF） and the repartition of spectral power in the bradygastric, normogastric and tachygastric frequency ranges. RESULTS： Retches were identified on the intraabdominal pressure trace as peaks 0.30 ± 1.01 s in duration and 59.57 ± 2.74 mmHg in amplitude, vomit peaks were longer （0.82 ± 0.06 s, P 〈 0.01） and reached a higher pressure （87.73 ± 8.12 mmHg, P 〈 0.001）. The number of retches and vomits quantified via direct observation [apomorphine： 65.5 ± 11.8 retches ± vomits （R＋V）, cisplatin： 202.6 ± 64.1 R＋V] and intra-abdominal pressure （apomorphine： 68.3± 13.7 R＋V, n = 8; cisplatin： 219.0 ± 69.2 R＋V, n = 8） were correlated （r = 0.97, P 〈 0.0001） and the timing of emesis was consistent between the 2 methods. Apomorphine induced a decrease in normogastria from 45.48% ± 4.35% to 36.70 ± 4.34% （n = 8, P 〈 0.05） but the DF of the slow waves was not changed [8.95 ± 0.25 counts/rain （cpm） vs 8.68 ± 0.35 cpm, n = 8, P 〉 0.05]. Cisplatin induced a decrease in normogastria from 55.83% ± 4.30% to 29.22% ± 5.16% and an increase in bradygastria from 14.28% ± 2.32% to 31.19% ± 8.33% （n = 8, P 〈 0.001） but the DF （9.14 ± 0.13 cpm） remained unchanged （P 〉 0.05）. The GMA changes induced by cisplatin preceded the emetic response as normogastria was reduced for 1 h before the onset of emesis （57.61% ± 5.66% to 39.91% ± 5.74%, n = 6, P 〈 0.05）. Peri-emesis analysis revealed that the GMA was significantly disturbed during and immediately after, but not immediately before, the emetic episodes. CONCLUSION： The induction of emesis is reliably associated with a disrupted GMA, but changes may also occur prior to and following the emetic response.
文摘This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyzes the significance of strengthening the protection of proprietary IPRs and implementing a strategy for technology standards and then discusses the actual work and future arrangement of proprietary IPRs and technology standard strategies. It points out that the enhancement of proprietary IPRs protection and implementation of technology standard strategies is the only way for enterprises to remain competitive.
