The pressurized water reactor CAP1400 is one of the sixteen National Science and Technology Major Projects. Developed from China＇s nuclear R＆D system and manufacturing capability, as well as APIO00 technology introd...The pressurized water reactor CAP1400 is one of the sixteen National Science and Technology Major Projects. Developed from China＇s nuclear R＆D system and manufacturing capability, as well as APIO00 technology introduction and assimilation, CAP1400 is an advanced large passive nuclear power plant with independent intellectual property rights. By discussing the top design principle, main performance objectives, general parameters, safety design, and important improvements in safety, economy, and oth- er advanced features, this paper reveals the technology innovation and competitiveness of CAP1400 as an internationally promising Gen-IIl PWR model. Moreover, the R＆D of CAP1400 has greatly promoted China＇s domestic nuclear power industry from the Gen-II to the Gen-III level.展开更多
AIM： To characterize the gastric myoelectric activity （GMA） and intra-abdominal pressure changes induced by emetic stimuli （apomorphine and cisplatin） in the ferret. METHODS： GMA and intra-abdominal pressure wer...AIM： To characterize the gastric myoelectric activity （GMA） and intra-abdominal pressure changes induced by emetic stimuli （apomorphine and cisplatin） in the ferret. METHODS： GMA and intra-abdominal pressure were recorded in conscious, unrestrained ferrets surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters. Animals were challenged with apomorphine （0.25 mg/kg sc） and cisplatin （10 mg/kg ip）, and the emetic response was quantified via direct observation and intra-abdominal pressure recording for 1 and 4 h, respectively. The GMA was analyzed by spectral analysis; the parameters used to characterize the GMA were the dominant frequency （DF） and the repartition of spectral power in the bradygastric, normogastric and tachygastric frequency ranges. RESULTS： Retches were identified on the intraabdominal pressure trace as peaks 0.30 ± 1.01 s in duration and 59.57 ± 2.74 mmHg in amplitude, vomit peaks were longer （0.82 ± 0.06 s, P 〈 0.01） and reached a higher pressure （87.73 ± 8.12 mmHg, P 〈 0.001）. The number of retches and vomits quantified via direct observation [apomorphine： 65.5 ± 11.8 retches ± vomits （R＋V）, cisplatin： 202.6 ± 64.1 R＋V] and intra-abdominal pressure （apomorphine： 68.3± 13.7 R＋V, n = 8; cisplatin： 219.0 ± 69.2 R＋V, n = 8） were correlated （r = 0.97, P 〈 0.0001） and the timing of emesis was consistent between the 2 methods. Apomorphine induced a decrease in normogastria from 45.48% ± 4.35% to 36.70 ± 4.34% （n = 8, P 〈 0.05） but the DF of the slow waves was not changed [8.95 ± 0.25 counts/rain （cpm） vs 8.68 ± 0.35 cpm, n = 8, P 〉 0.05]. Cisplatin induced a decrease in normogastria from 55.83% ± 4.30% to 29.22% ± 5.16% and an increase in bradygastria from 14.28% ± 2.32% to 31.19% ± 8.33% （n = 8, P 〈 0.001） but the DF （9.14 ± 0.13 cpm） remained unchanged （P 〉 0.05）. The GMA changes induced by cisplatin preceded the emetic response as normogastria was reduced for 1 h before the onset of emesis （57.61% ± 5.66% to 39.91% ± 5.74%, n = 6, P 〈 0.05）. Peri-emesis analysis revealed that the GMA was significantly disturbed during and immediately after, but not immediately before, the emetic episodes. CONCLUSION： The induction of emesis is reliably associated with a disrupted GMA, but changes may also occur prior to and following the emetic response.展开更多
This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyze...This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyzes the significance of strengthening the protection of proprietary IPRs and implementing a strategy for technology standards and then discusses the actual work and future arrangement of proprietary IPRs and technology standard strategies. It points out that the enhancement of proprietary IPRs protection and implementation of technology standard strategies is the only way for enterprises to remain competitive.展开更多
Journalism education and the journalism industry have boomed in the past twenty years in China, however, journalism school graduates are not highly welcomed by media organizations. In order to examine issues and chall...Journalism education and the journalism industry have boomed in the past twenty years in China, however, journalism school graduates are not highly welcomed by media organizations. In order to examine issues and challenges facing journalism education, this study conducted an in-depth interview with practicing journalists and journalism educators through a lens of journalistic professionalism. This paper finds that their perceptions are focusing on expertise, commitment, responsibility but eschewing journalistic autonomy deliberately with respect to journalistic professionalism and concentrating on rigid journalism knowledge without ＂professional＂ or practical ability with respect to journalism education. Limitation and suggestions for future research are also provided.展开更多
文摘The pressurized water reactor CAP1400 is one of the sixteen National Science and Technology Major Projects. Developed from China＇s nuclear R＆D system and manufacturing capability, as well as APIO00 technology introduction and assimilation, CAP1400 is an advanced large passive nuclear power plant with independent intellectual property rights. By discussing the top design principle, main performance objectives, general parameters, safety design, and important improvements in safety, economy, and oth- er advanced features, this paper reveals the technology innovation and competitiveness of CAP1400 as an internationally promising Gen-IIl PWR model. Moreover, the R＆D of CAP1400 has greatly promoted China＇s domestic nuclear power industry from the Gen-II to the Gen-III level.
基金Supported by A PhD studentship from Merck Research Laboratories (to Percie du Sert N)
文摘AIM： To characterize the gastric myoelectric activity （GMA） and intra-abdominal pressure changes induced by emetic stimuli （apomorphine and cisplatin） in the ferret. METHODS： GMA and intra-abdominal pressure were recorded in conscious, unrestrained ferrets surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters. Animals were challenged with apomorphine （0.25 mg/kg sc） and cisplatin （10 mg/kg ip）, and the emetic response was quantified via direct observation and intra-abdominal pressure recording for 1 and 4 h, respectively. The GMA was analyzed by spectral analysis; the parameters used to characterize the GMA were the dominant frequency （DF） and the repartition of spectral power in the bradygastric, normogastric and tachygastric frequency ranges. RESULTS： Retches were identified on the intraabdominal pressure trace as peaks 0.30 ± 1.01 s in duration and 59.57 ± 2.74 mmHg in amplitude, vomit peaks were longer （0.82 ± 0.06 s, P 〈 0.01） and reached a higher pressure （87.73 ± 8.12 mmHg, P 〈 0.001）. The number of retches and vomits quantified via direct observation [apomorphine： 65.5 ± 11.8 retches ± vomits （R＋V）, cisplatin： 202.6 ± 64.1 R＋V] and intra-abdominal pressure （apomorphine： 68.3± 13.7 R＋V, n = 8; cisplatin： 219.0 ± 69.2 R＋V, n = 8） were correlated （r = 0.97, P 〈 0.0001） and the timing of emesis was consistent between the 2 methods. Apomorphine induced a decrease in normogastria from 45.48% ± 4.35% to 36.70 ± 4.34% （n = 8, P 〈 0.05） but the DF of the slow waves was not changed [8.95 ± 0.25 counts/rain （cpm） vs 8.68 ± 0.35 cpm, n = 8, P 〉 0.05]. Cisplatin induced a decrease in normogastria from 55.83% ± 4.30% to 29.22% ± 5.16% and an increase in bradygastria from 14.28% ± 2.32% to 31.19% ± 8.33% （n = 8, P 〈 0.001） but the DF （9.14 ± 0.13 cpm） remained unchanged （P 〉 0.05）. The GMA changes induced by cisplatin preceded the emetic response as normogastria was reduced for 1 h before the onset of emesis （57.61% ± 5.66% to 39.91% ± 5.74%, n = 6, P 〈 0.05）. Peri-emesis analysis revealed that the GMA was significantly disturbed during and immediately after, but not immediately before, the emetic episodes. CONCLUSION： The induction of emesis is reliably associated with a disrupted GMA, but changes may also occur prior to and following the emetic response.
文摘This article focuses on the current situation in technical research and development （R＆D） and proprietary intellectual property rights （IPRs） in China. Based on the situation of Far East Cable Company, it analyzes the significance of strengthening the protection of proprietary IPRs and implementing a strategy for technology standards and then discusses the actual work and future arrangement of proprietary IPRs and technology standard strategies. It points out that the enhancement of proprietary IPRs protection and implementation of technology standard strategies is the only way for enterprises to remain competitive.
文摘Journalism education and the journalism industry have boomed in the past twenty years in China, however, journalism school graduates are not highly welcomed by media organizations. In order to examine issues and challenges facing journalism education, this study conducted an in-depth interview with practicing journalists and journalism educators through a lens of journalistic professionalism. This paper finds that their perceptions are focusing on expertise, commitment, responsibility but eschewing journalistic autonomy deliberately with respect to journalistic professionalism and concentrating on rigid journalism knowledge without ＂professional＂ or practical ability with respect to journalism education. Limitation and suggestions for future research are also provided.
