“双碳”视域下的“环境土壤学”教学改革

“双碳”目标自提出以来,就受到党和国家的高度重视,是加快我国生态文明建设和实现高质量发展的重要抓手。土壤是自然环境中碳捕集和封存的理想场所,然而目前环境专业的实践教学偏重土壤污染物的环境行为及其修复去除,对土壤固碳相关内容涉及较少。环境土壤学是涉及地学、化学、微生物学、环境工程的一门交叉学科,知识点零散,一些学生难以在知识点之间建立逻辑联系,并形成对课程的连贯理解。此外,“双碳”政策的出台意味着环境土壤学的前沿方向变化跨度大,对学生的自主学习和创新探索能力提出了更高的要求。基于以上问题,重塑教学内容,利用知识网络构建法和项目式学习法(project-based learning,PBL)改革教学过程,以期提高学生的自主探索和创新能力,培养顺应“双碳”时代的创新型人才。

A Location Privacy Preserving Solution to Resist Passive and Active Attacks in VANET

Existing location privacy- preserving methods, without a trusted third party, cannot resist conspiracy attacks and active attacks. This paper proposes a novel solution for location based service （LBS） in vehicular ad hoc network （VANET）. Firstly, the relationship among anonymity degree, expected company area and vehicle density is discussed. Then, a companion set F is set up by k neighbor vehicles. Based on secure multi-party computation, each vehicle in V can compute the centroid, not revealing its location to each other. The centroid as a cloaking location is sent to LBS provider （P） and P returns a point of interest （POI）. Due to a distributed secret sharing structure, P cannot obtain the positions of non-complicity vehicles by colluding with multiple internal vehicles. To detect fake data from dishonest vehicles, zero knowledge proof is adopted. Comparing with other related methods, our solution can resist passive and active attacks from internal and external nodes. It provides strong privacy protection for LBS in VANET.

＂A Raft in the Stormy Sea＂： New Roles, New ＂Dresses＂ Operating in ＆ for Business Networks

This paper aims to discuss the development and functioning conditions of business networks. After recalling the main characteristics of post-fordistic environment and comparing it to a ＂stormy sea＂ （section one） of the paper focuses on the idea of networks described as ＂rafts＂ useful to firms to build their own competitive advantages. In fact, while theoretical knowledge is not so valuable because everybody can have it, practical and contextual knowledge is specific and therefore it can be defended. The development of a contextual knowledge is feasible if the firm chooses among all the possible alternatives. Subsequently in section two, it shows how fordistic principles eliminate space, reduce time, and increase the speed of communication among individuals and as entering a network has become a necessity as it allows a firm to obtain competitive advantages. The greatest benefit is the chance to share the task of creating new knowledge among different members. In section three it is discussed if navigation in the post-fordistic stormy sea could take advantage from the existence of a more certain regulation. It is necessary to underline that positive law is not a post-fordistic tool. There is no satisfactory detailed law regarding ideas, knowledge, and know-how, by now. Therefore, it is not possible to rely on a specific regulation framework to protect knowledge found on the network. In conclusion in section four, the work discusses how single organizations need to reach the ＂raft＂--which is the network--through the idea of sharing learning and distinguishing elements necessary to survive in the stormy sea post-Fordism environment. Lastly, section five would be analyzed a public institution--Milan Chamber of Commerce--which has ＂changed its dress＂ to more effectively perform its support role to firms.

Temporality-enhanced knowledge memory network for factoid question answering

Question answering is an important problem that aims to deliver specific answers to questions posed by humans in natural language.How to efficiently identify the exact answer with respect to a given question has become an active line of research.Previous approaches in factoid question answering tasks typically focus on modeling the semantic relevance or syntactic relationship between a given question and its corresponding answer.Most of these models suffer when a question contains very little content that is indicative of the answer.In this paper,we devise an architecture named the temporality-enhanced knowledge memory network(TE-KMN) and apply the model to a factoid question answering dataset from a trivia competition called quiz bowl.Unlike most of the existing approaches,our model encodes not only the content of questions and answers,but also the temporal cues in a sequence of ordered sentences which gradually remark the answer.Moreover,our model collaboratively uses external knowledge for a better understanding of a given question.The experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves better performance than several state-of-the-art methods.