Aim: To study the prevalence rate of unconnected refractive error and associated risk factors among Singapore schoolchildren aged 12-16 years (grade 7). Methods: A cross sectional study of 628 participants (participat...Aim: To study the prevalence rate of unconnected refractive error and associated risk factors among Singapore schoolchildren aged 12-16 years (grade 7). Methods: A cross sectional study of 628 participants (participation rate 99.8%) was conducted in two schools. An interviewer led questionnaire asking about sociodemographic variables and risk factors was administered. Refractive errors were measured using a table mounted autorefractor. Participants with habitual visual acuity (VA) of 0.2 logMAR or worse underwent subjective refraction. Uncorrected refractive error was defined as improvement of at least 0.2 logMAR in best corrected visual acuity after subjective refraction. Results: The prevalence rate of uncorrected refractive error was 22.3%(95%confidence interval (CI) 19.0%to 25.5%). The multivariate adjusted odds ratio of uncorrected refractive error in students with the lowest academic ability was 2.24 (95%CI 1.34 to 3.73). Increasing time interval since the last visit to an eye care provider increased the risk of uncorrected refractive error (trend p=0.001). Conclusion: Uncorrected refractive error was a significant problem among Singapore students aged 12-16 years (grade 7). Uncorrected refractive error was more common among students with low academic ability or those who had not visited an eye care provider for a long time.展开更多
自上世纪80年代以来,角膜屈光手术在矫正屈光不正方面取得了很大进展,首先是角膜放射状切开手术治疗了大量的近视眼患者,90年代后逐渐被准分子激光手术(photorefrective keratectomy,PRK)和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ kera...自上世纪80年代以来,角膜屈光手术在矫正屈光不正方面取得了很大进展,首先是角膜放射状切开手术治疗了大量的近视眼患者,90年代后逐渐被准分子激光手术(photorefrective keratectomy,PRK)和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)所取代,随着年龄的增加这些患者已逐步发生白内障并且需要手术治疗.这些白内障手术操作与普通白内障手术相比并无多大区别,但人工晶状体的度数计算却是个难题.近视眼尤其是高度近视的白内障患者由于眼球解剖结构异常,人工晶状体(Intra OcularLens,IOL)度数计算误差就较大,角膜屈光手术改变了角膜的解剖结构,按曲率计或角膜地形图测定角膜屈光度、眼轴长度以及传统人工晶状体公式计算出的度数,在IOL植入术后普遍会出现不同程度的远视,据报道最高远视度数可高达+10D.这是由于目前的角膜屈光度测量都是基于Gullstrand's模型眼计算的,在眼球角膜结构发生较大改变时,这些计算公式无法表达出来,从而导致错误.目前已有一些比较成功的校正方法用于克服此类计算误差,本文就这一些方法及进展并结合自己的临床经验围绕计算公式及计算公式中主要参数角膜屈光度重估等为重点进行介绍和讨论.展开更多
英国不纳入医保美国争议大美国F D A官网在Lasik手术介绍页面的醒目处提示：在决定手术之前,你要以自己的价值观来权衡手术的疗效和风险,究竟孰重孰轻,不要因朋友的鼓动和医生的推荐冲动而为。完成全世界第一例Lasik手术的英国,Lasik不...英国不纳入医保美国争议大美国F D A官网在Lasik手术介绍页面的醒目处提示：在决定手术之前,你要以自己的价值观来权衡手术的疗效和风险,究竟孰重孰轻,不要因朋友的鼓动和医生的推荐冲动而为。完成全世界第一例Lasik手术的英国,Lasik不纳入医保,展开更多
文摘Aim: To study the prevalence rate of unconnected refractive error and associated risk factors among Singapore schoolchildren aged 12-16 years (grade 7). Methods: A cross sectional study of 628 participants (participation rate 99.8%) was conducted in two schools. An interviewer led questionnaire asking about sociodemographic variables and risk factors was administered. Refractive errors were measured using a table mounted autorefractor. Participants with habitual visual acuity (VA) of 0.2 logMAR or worse underwent subjective refraction. Uncorrected refractive error was defined as improvement of at least 0.2 logMAR in best corrected visual acuity after subjective refraction. Results: The prevalence rate of uncorrected refractive error was 22.3%(95%confidence interval (CI) 19.0%to 25.5%). The multivariate adjusted odds ratio of uncorrected refractive error in students with the lowest academic ability was 2.24 (95%CI 1.34 to 3.73). Increasing time interval since the last visit to an eye care provider increased the risk of uncorrected refractive error (trend p=0.001). Conclusion: Uncorrected refractive error was a significant problem among Singapore students aged 12-16 years (grade 7). Uncorrected refractive error was more common among students with low academic ability or those who had not visited an eye care provider for a long time.
