古尔班通古特沙漠短命植物种子萌发生态分析

【目的】研究新疆古尔班通古特沙漠地区四种短命植物中亚虫实(Corispermum heptapotamicum Iljin.)、倒披针叶虫实(Corispermum lehmannianum Bge)、山地铁齿花(Sideritis montana L.)和狭果鹤虱(Lappula semiglabra(Ldb.)Gurke)的种子萌发生态特性。【方法】测定种子的千粒重以及温度和光照对于种子萌发生态特性的影响。【结果】(1)四种植物的千粒重均较小,中亚虫实、倒披针叶虫实、山地铁齿花和狭果鹤虱的千粒重分别为0.224、0.435、0.172和0.557 g;(2)高温可促进中亚虫实和山地铁齿花种子尽早萌发,而强光抑制中亚虫实种子却促进山地铁齿花种子的萌发,高温抑制狭果鹤虱种子的萌发且温度过高(25℃)时种子萌发率急剧下降,光照不是决定狭果鹤虱种子萌发的决定性因素;(3)四种种子休眠期均较短。【结论】(1)在环境条件相同的情况下,植物的各种特性受遗传因子的影响会表现出一定的个体差异;(2)短命植物生长发育节律较快。

Effects of Different Treatments on Seed Germination of Gagea nigra

According to different mechanisms of dormancy,seeds of Gagea nigra L.Z.Shue were treated with different methods so as to investigate the effects of different treatments on seed germination of G.nigra.The results showed that at 4 ℃,the seeds of G.nigra began to germinate on day 32 with germination period of 80 d and germination rate of 72%;room temperature（25 ℃） and acid and alkali treatments were all unsuitable for the germination of G.nigra seeds;no significant differences were found in germination rate of G.nigra seeds among warm water（50℃）,ultrasound and 200 mg/L GA_3treatments（P 0.05）;seed coat-removing treatment effectively promoted the germination of G.nigra seeds（P =0.002 0.01） with germination rate of 88%;seed coat piercing ＋ 200 mg/L GA_3 and 500 mg/L GA_3＋15% H_2O_2 treatments effectively promoted the germination of G.nigra seeds with germination rates of 84% and 82%,respectively（P0.05）;the germination vigor of G.nigra seeds in the seed coat piercing ＋ 200 mg/L GA_3 treatment was highest,and it was significantly higher than those in the other treatments.