In The Jungle Book （1894）, Kipling＇s first literary work, the author uses Indian spatial reference and cultural influence to construct his narrative. The short story ＂Rikki-tikki-tavi＂ is elaborated using the str...In The Jungle Book （1894）, Kipling＇s first literary work, the author uses Indian spatial reference and cultural influence to construct his narrative. The short story ＂Rikki-tikki-tavi＂ is elaborated using the structure of Western fables, having allegory as one of its most exploited strategies. Vladmir Propp, in Morphology of the Folktale （1929） considers that every folktale story reproduces a structure. Propp＇s model demonstrates Rikki-tikki-tavi＇s Western ＂frame＂ when the authors see how clearly and efficiently the short story fits the model of Russian Folktale. This article will analyze ＂Rikki-tikki-tavi＂ as a paradigm of this literary genre, showing how characters metaphorically represent the British domination in India during the end of the 19th century.展开更多
Being distinguished from many greatest American writers, Hemingway is noted as an iron man and his powerful philosophy： “Man can be destroyed, but not defeated”. Among all his works, The Old Man and the Sea is cons...Being distinguished from many greatest American writers, Hemingway is noted as an iron man and his powerful philosophy： “Man can be destroyed, but not defeated”. Among all his works, The Old Man and the Sea is considered to be the masterpiece of Hemingway＇s works and the one that best demonstrates this powerful philosophy. And The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel about an old Cuban fisherman Santiago and his battle with a great marlin. In his masterpiece, Hemingway portrays Santiago with every dominant and strong characteristic, which is the prototype of an iron man. This is one of the basic characteristics of the novel which gives Ernest Hemingway great honor and makes him become one of the authors who define American literature. The Old Man and the Sea is the one that best represents American social life on the period Hemingway lived. In this short novel, a lot of facts are used. Most of the facts come from Hemingway＇s own experience. Reading up the masterpiece, it is evident that the story and the hero are the self-portray of the author himself. With the real life and the literary world perfectly combined, we read Hemingway＇s and we read through Hemingway and his inner world.展开更多
Through the analysis of Poe＇s works and his life, the influence of anima in Poe＇s soul is explored in this study according to Carl Jung＇s theory of archetype. Anima is one of the archetypes, which made both negativ...Through the analysis of Poe＇s works and his life, the influence of anima in Poe＇s soul is explored in this study according to Carl Jung＇s theory of archetype. Anima is one of the archetypes, which made both negative and positive influences in Poe＇s life and literary creation, leading him to be the master of poetry and short stories, but also consumed his life and caused his death in the prime. In the study about the influence of anima in Poe, Anima was proved acting as the feminine complement factors in Poe＇s unconscious, and made Poe more sensitive in literary creation. As Poe knew the man＇s world and also understood the woman＇s world, which is the accumulative influence of both negative and positive influences of Anima in Poe, his literary creativity was strong and he had the unique aesthetics.展开更多
William Faulkner is giant in the realm of American literature. This Nobel Prize-winning novelist and short story writer is acclaimed throughout the world as one of the 20th century＇s greatest writers. A Rose for Emi...William Faulkner is giant in the realm of American literature. This Nobel Prize-winning novelist and short story writer is acclaimed throughout the world as one of the 20th century＇s greatest writers. A Rose for Emily （1930） is one of his masterpieces. The story describes how Emily, an old South aristocratic spinster, becomes a crazy devil and her inner world and inner struggle after the American Civil War, when the conflict between the Southern tradition is in great conflict with the Northern industry and change. The present paper, first of all, gives a brief introduction of the story. Then the paper mainly explores the root causes of her eccentric, perverse, aloof, and haughty characters in three different aspects： （1） the cause of her father; （2） the cause of the conflict between the Southern tradition and the new change; and （3） the cause of Southern old convention. The paper concludes that Emily is the victim of the cruelty and brutality of the Southern system展开更多
The following article is about the historical overview of the Persian literature and the emergence and development of the short story as a literary genre and its prominent role in the modem literature of Iran. It disc...The following article is about the historical overview of the Persian literature and the emergence and development of the short story as a literary genre and its prominent role in the modem literature of Iran. It discusses the origin of the short story in general and preconditions for the popularity of the new genre the Iranian literature of the 20th century, and also about the first successful collection of short stories that introduced it to the public. Also the development process of the short story and principle factors in every stage of its emergence as an independent genre of prose, as well as the thematic range are the main aspects among others to be analyzed in the article. It is historically documented that the Islamic state was established in 1979 after the fall of the Shah. And the very event had big impact not only on the social and political life of the country, but also on the cultural and literary life of the Iranians of the time. The significance of the revolution was such that it divided the literature to be known as the ＂pre-revolution＂ and ＂post-revolution＂ periods. Therefore this article is aimed to observe how this historic event had influenced the short story in particular and the distinct features of the works created during the two periods. The next period which stands out in the development of the short story is during the late 90s and the beginning of the 2000, where the genre experienced aesthetic innovations and experiments with new forms and styles. The distinct feature of the period is mainly in its topics it deals, among other the effects of the globalization and popular culture brought forth, isolated individual, urbanization, climate change and its destructive outcome and the social conflicts resulting from them. Such global issues caused the established writers to look out of their borders and open up to the concerns of the planet, and by doing so establishing new schools of thought and style among the writers of short story in modem Iranian literature. Finally the article will overview the role of the Iranian contemporary female short story writers, children＇s literature and the works of the immigrant Iranian authors that continue the traditions of the Persian literature outside Irma.展开更多
Nam Cao and Lu Xun are among high-profile writers who gain wide appreciation. The movements of literary assert this over the latter half of recent century in our country. That reality persistently points us to an urge...Nam Cao and Lu Xun are among high-profile writers who gain wide appreciation. The movements of literary assert this over the latter half of recent century in our country. That reality persistently points us to an urgent need for researches on Nam Cao and Lu Xun. Tints of literary worldviews of Nam Cao and Lu Xun, though upon which numberless research works, both domestic and foreign, have provided multi-directional insights and exploration of artistic creativities, remain misevaluated. B ich Thu, the author of Nam Cao, His Life and Legacies, counted out 191 articles and books themed Nam Cao. They were edited by writers of Nam Cao＇s generation namely Nguyen Huy Tuong, Nguyen Dinh Thi, To Hoai and Nguyen Hong, and even distinguished scholars such as Ha Minh Duc, Phong Le and Nguyen Dang Manh, so on. Regarding Lu Xun, there is no denying the fact of his brilliant artistic ideology. Although Vietnamese readers have gained a late knowledge of him for just a half of century, his name is laid somewhere in the heart of our people, integrally and consistently. Vietnam＇s reader generations restlessly learn about and research on Lu Xun. A pioneering merit badge should be rewarded to the renowned literary critic Dang Thai Mai, for his introduction and translation of Lu Xun to Vietnamese readers since 1943. The most interesting coincidence of Nam Cao and Lu Xun is that their profiles are imbued with the characters in their compositions. Mentioning Lu Xun cannot help a reference to AQ, meanwhile the name ofNam Cao apparently recalls a Philistine Chi. AQ as well as Philistine Chi have become characters of the society＇s spiritual life and long live with the eternal brilliance of their two creators. That coincidence draws countless number of researchers. The ＂matching point＂, referring to the subject of farmers and intellectuals, between Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s works has been explored to some certain extent. This elicitly invites us for deeper studies. The author of this article, in response to such invitation, delves into the subject with respect to characterization of intellectuals in Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s short stories.展开更多
Lin Shu is a famous translator in the early period of China, and his translation opens up the road for Chinese intellectuals to understand the westem literature. In translating the western literature works, Lin Shu hi...Lin Shu is a famous translator in the early period of China, and his translation opens up the road for Chinese intellectuals to understand the westem literature. In translating the western literature works, Lin Shu himself also began to engage in the creation of novels. Among them, the short story turns to be more complicated in the ideological tendency. Lin Shu＇ s simple democratic consciousness has been fully displayed in it, and it mainly reflects in the three aspects of exposing and criticizing of dark reality, gallant spirit publicity and free marriage praise.展开更多
文摘In The Jungle Book （1894）, Kipling＇s first literary work, the author uses Indian spatial reference and cultural influence to construct his narrative. The short story ＂Rikki-tikki-tavi＂ is elaborated using the structure of Western fables, having allegory as one of its most exploited strategies. Vladmir Propp, in Morphology of the Folktale （1929） considers that every folktale story reproduces a structure. Propp＇s model demonstrates Rikki-tikki-tavi＇s Western ＂frame＂ when the authors see how clearly and efficiently the short story fits the model of Russian Folktale. This article will analyze ＂Rikki-tikki-tavi＂ as a paradigm of this literary genre, showing how characters metaphorically represent the British domination in India during the end of the 19th century.
文摘Being distinguished from many greatest American writers, Hemingway is noted as an iron man and his powerful philosophy： “Man can be destroyed, but not defeated”. Among all his works, The Old Man and the Sea is considered to be the masterpiece of Hemingway＇s works and the one that best demonstrates this powerful philosophy. And The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel about an old Cuban fisherman Santiago and his battle with a great marlin. In his masterpiece, Hemingway portrays Santiago with every dominant and strong characteristic, which is the prototype of an iron man. This is one of the basic characteristics of the novel which gives Ernest Hemingway great honor and makes him become one of the authors who define American literature. The Old Man and the Sea is the one that best represents American social life on the period Hemingway lived. In this short novel, a lot of facts are used. Most of the facts come from Hemingway＇s own experience. Reading up the masterpiece, it is evident that the story and the hero are the self-portray of the author himself. With the real life and the literary world perfectly combined, we read Hemingway＇s and we read through Hemingway and his inner world.
文摘Through the analysis of Poe＇s works and his life, the influence of anima in Poe＇s soul is explored in this study according to Carl Jung＇s theory of archetype. Anima is one of the archetypes, which made both negative and positive influences in Poe＇s life and literary creation, leading him to be the master of poetry and short stories, but also consumed his life and caused his death in the prime. In the study about the influence of anima in Poe, Anima was proved acting as the feminine complement factors in Poe＇s unconscious, and made Poe more sensitive in literary creation. As Poe knew the man＇s world and also understood the woman＇s world, which is the accumulative influence of both negative and positive influences of Anima in Poe, his literary creativity was strong and he had the unique aesthetics.
文摘William Faulkner is giant in the realm of American literature. This Nobel Prize-winning novelist and short story writer is acclaimed throughout the world as one of the 20th century＇s greatest writers. A Rose for Emily （1930） is one of his masterpieces. The story describes how Emily, an old South aristocratic spinster, becomes a crazy devil and her inner world and inner struggle after the American Civil War, when the conflict between the Southern tradition is in great conflict with the Northern industry and change. The present paper, first of all, gives a brief introduction of the story. Then the paper mainly explores the root causes of her eccentric, perverse, aloof, and haughty characters in three different aspects： （1） the cause of her father; （2） the cause of the conflict between the Southern tradition and the new change; and （3） the cause of Southern old convention. The paper concludes that Emily is the victim of the cruelty and brutality of the Southern system
文摘The following article is about the historical overview of the Persian literature and the emergence and development of the short story as a literary genre and its prominent role in the modem literature of Iran. It discusses the origin of the short story in general and preconditions for the popularity of the new genre the Iranian literature of the 20th century, and also about the first successful collection of short stories that introduced it to the public. Also the development process of the short story and principle factors in every stage of its emergence as an independent genre of prose, as well as the thematic range are the main aspects among others to be analyzed in the article. It is historically documented that the Islamic state was established in 1979 after the fall of the Shah. And the very event had big impact not only on the social and political life of the country, but also on the cultural and literary life of the Iranians of the time. The significance of the revolution was such that it divided the literature to be known as the ＂pre-revolution＂ and ＂post-revolution＂ periods. Therefore this article is aimed to observe how this historic event had influenced the short story in particular and the distinct features of the works created during the two periods. The next period which stands out in the development of the short story is during the late 90s and the beginning of the 2000, where the genre experienced aesthetic innovations and experiments with new forms and styles. The distinct feature of the period is mainly in its topics it deals, among other the effects of the globalization and popular culture brought forth, isolated individual, urbanization, climate change and its destructive outcome and the social conflicts resulting from them. Such global issues caused the established writers to look out of their borders and open up to the concerns of the planet, and by doing so establishing new schools of thought and style among the writers of short story in modem Iranian literature. Finally the article will overview the role of the Iranian contemporary female short story writers, children＇s literature and the works of the immigrant Iranian authors that continue the traditions of the Persian literature outside Irma.
文摘Nam Cao and Lu Xun are among high-profile writers who gain wide appreciation. The movements of literary assert this over the latter half of recent century in our country. That reality persistently points us to an urgent need for researches on Nam Cao and Lu Xun. Tints of literary worldviews of Nam Cao and Lu Xun, though upon which numberless research works, both domestic and foreign, have provided multi-directional insights and exploration of artistic creativities, remain misevaluated. B ich Thu, the author of Nam Cao, His Life and Legacies, counted out 191 articles and books themed Nam Cao. They were edited by writers of Nam Cao＇s generation namely Nguyen Huy Tuong, Nguyen Dinh Thi, To Hoai and Nguyen Hong, and even distinguished scholars such as Ha Minh Duc, Phong Le and Nguyen Dang Manh, so on. Regarding Lu Xun, there is no denying the fact of his brilliant artistic ideology. Although Vietnamese readers have gained a late knowledge of him for just a half of century, his name is laid somewhere in the heart of our people, integrally and consistently. Vietnam＇s reader generations restlessly learn about and research on Lu Xun. A pioneering merit badge should be rewarded to the renowned literary critic Dang Thai Mai, for his introduction and translation of Lu Xun to Vietnamese readers since 1943. The most interesting coincidence of Nam Cao and Lu Xun is that their profiles are imbued with the characters in their compositions. Mentioning Lu Xun cannot help a reference to AQ, meanwhile the name ofNam Cao apparently recalls a Philistine Chi. AQ as well as Philistine Chi have become characters of the society＇s spiritual life and long live with the eternal brilliance of their two creators. That coincidence draws countless number of researchers. The ＂matching point＂, referring to the subject of farmers and intellectuals, between Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s works has been explored to some certain extent. This elicitly invites us for deeper studies. The author of this article, in response to such invitation, delves into the subject with respect to characterization of intellectuals in Nam Cao and Lu Xun＇s short stories.
文摘Lin Shu is a famous translator in the early period of China, and his translation opens up the road for Chinese intellectuals to understand the westem literature. In translating the western literature works, Lin Shu himself also began to engage in the creation of novels. Among them, the short story turns to be more complicated in the ideological tendency. Lin Shu＇ s simple democratic consciousness has been fully displayed in it, and it mainly reflects in the three aspects of exposing and criticizing of dark reality, gallant spirit publicity and free marriage praise.
