聚丙烯原位碳化合成石墨烯负载碳球纳米杂化材料研究

本研究以氧化石墨烯（GO）为模板负载氢氧化镍（Ni（OH）2）和氢氧化钴（Co（OH）2）纳米粒子,并分别熔融共混到聚丙烯（PP）中,利用PP原位碳化方法成功制备出GO负载碳球纳米杂化材料。利用X射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼波谱分析（Raman）对合成的Ni（OH）2、Co（OH）2、GO负载Ni（OH）2和GO负载Co（OH）2进行表征。采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、XRD和Raman等对合成的石墨烯负载碳球纳米杂化材料的形貌结构和物理性质进行表征。结果表明：利用PP原位碳化可成功制备两种不同类型的石墨烯负载碳球纳米杂化材料。

Nitrogen⁃doped 3D graphene⁃carbon nanotube network for efficient lithium storage

A 3D nitrogen⁃doped graphene/multi⁃walled carbon nanotube(CS⁃GO⁃NCNT)crosslinked network mate⁃rial was successfully synthesized utilizing chitosan and melamine as carbon and nitrogen sources,concomitant with the incorporation of multi⁃wall carbon nanotubes and employing freeze drying technology.The material amalgamates the merits of 1D/2D hybrid carbon materials,wherein 1D carbon nanotubes confer robustness and expedited elec⁃tron transport pathways,while 2D graphene sheets facilitate rapid ion migration.Furthermore,the introduction of nitrogen heteroatoms serves to furnish additional active sites for lithium storage.When served as an anode material for lithium⁃ion batteries,the CS⁃GO⁃NCNT electrode delivered a reversible capacity surpassing 500 mAh·g^(-1),mark⁃edly outperforming commercial graphite anodes.Even after 300 cycles at a high current density of 1 A·g^(-1),it remained a reversible capacity of up to 268 mAh·g^(-1).

催化裂解聚丙烯合成石墨烯碳纳米杂化材料及其电化学应用

研究了氧化石墨烯(GO)负载Co-Ni催化剂原位催化聚丙烯(PP)进行三维石墨烯碳纳米杂化材料的合成,同时考察材料作为超级电容器电极的电化学应用。将乙酸钴和乙酸镍按比例加入GO水溶液中,利用聚醚胺400(D-400)将二者还原为氢氧化物并自组装负载在GO表面,制备出GO负载Co-Ni催化剂(GO/Ni-Co)。将GO/Ni-Co熔融共混到PP中,在氮气保护下裂解碳化共混得到石墨烯基碳纳米杂化材料。采用SEM、TEM、XRD和Raman等对其形貌结构进行表征。结果表明:利用该方法可成功制备一种三维石墨烯碳纳米杂化材料(RGO/C)。将所制备的RGO/C应用于超级电容器,在扫描速率为2m V/s时,最大比电容达到595F/g,并且具有良好的循环稳定性。

Transition‐metal‐atom‐pairs deposited on g‐CN monolayer for nitrogen reduction reaction:Density functional theory calculations

The development of highly active DFT catalysts for an electrocatalytic N_(2)reduction reaction(NRR)under mild conditions is a difficult challenge.In this study,a series of atom‐pair catalysts(APCs)for an NRR were fabricated using transition‐metal(TM)atoms(TM=Sc−Zn)doped into g‐CN monolayers.The electrochemical mechanism of APCs for an NRR has been reported by well‐defined density functional theory calculations.The calculated limiting potentials were−0.47 and−0.78 V for the Fe_(2)@CN and Co_(2)@CN catalysts,respectively.Owing to its high suppression of hydrogen evolution reactions,Co_(2)@CN is a superior electrocatalytic material for a N_(2)fixation.Stable Fe_(2)@CN may be a strongly attractive material for an NRR with a relatively low overpotential after an improvement in the selectivity.The two‐way charge transfer affirmed the donation‐acceptance procedure between N_(2)and Fe_(2)@CN or Co_(2)@CN,which play a crucial role in the activation of inert N≡N bonds.This study provides an in‐depth investigation into atom‐pair catalysts and will open up new avenues for highly efficient g‐CN‐based nanostructures for an NRR.

Amorphous B-doped graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots with high photoluminescence quantum yield of near 90% and their sensitive detection of Fe^(2+)/Cd^(2+)

Graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots(CNQDs) are emerging as attractive photoluminescent(PL)materials with excellent application potential in fluorescence imaging and heavy-metal ion detection. However, three limitations, namely, low quantum yields(QYs), self-quenching,and excitation-dependent PL emission behaviors, severely impede the commercial applications of crystalline CNQDs.Here we address these three challenges by synthesizing borondoped amorphous CNQDs via a hydrothermal process followed by the top±down cutting approach. Structural disorder endows the amorphous boron-doped CNQDs(B-CNQDs)with superior elastic strain performance over a wide range of pH values, thus effectively promoting mass transport and reducing exciton quenching. Boron as a dopant could fine-tune the electronic structure and emission properties of the PL material to achieve excitation-independent emission via the formation of uniform boron states. As a result, the amorphous B-CNQDs show unprecedented fluorescent stability(i.e., no obvious fading after two years) and a high QY of 87.4%;these values indicate that the quantum dots obtained are very promising fluorescent materials. Moreover, the B-CNQDs show bright-blue fluorescence under ultraviolet excitation when applied as ink on commercially available paper and are capable of the selective and sensitive detection of Fe^(2+) and Cd^(2+) in the parts-per-billion range. This work presents a novel avenue and scientific insights on amorphous carbon-based fluorescent materials for photoelectrical devices and sensors.

Graphitized nanocarbon-supported metal catalysts:synthesis,properties,and applications in heterogeneous catalysis

Graphitized nanocarbon materials can be an ideal catalyst support for heterogeneous catalytic systems. Their unique physical and chemical properties, such as large surface area, high adsorption capacity, excellent thermal and mechanical stability, outstanding electronic properties, and tunable porosity, allow the anchoring and dispersion of the active metals. Therefore, currently they are used as the key support material in many catalytic processes. This review summarizes recent relevant applications in supported catalysts that use graphitized nanocarbon as supports for catalytic oxidation, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and C-C coupling reactions in liquid-phase and gas-solid phase-reaction systems. The latest developments in specific features derived from the morphology and characteristics of graphitized na- nocarbon-supported metal catalysts are highlighted, as well as the differences in the catalytic behavior of graphitized nano- carbon-supported metal catalysts versus other related cata- lysts. The scientific challenges and opportunities in this field are also discussed.