金刚石表面飞秒激光直写微米石墨线

利用120 fs、800 nm钛蓝宝石飞秒激光器微纳加工系统,在化学气相沉积金刚石薄片表面进行了石墨化的研究,得到了导电性良好的微米尺度的石墨线。利用Raman光谱研究了激光的功率、激光扫描速度等对石墨化程度的影响规律。结果表明,在飞秒激光直写区域有纳米晶石墨、无定型碳及残留金刚石存在。优化辐照激光能量和激光扫描速度参数,可以得到较好的纳米晶石墨线结构。以10μm/s扫描速度,1.14μJ激光能量刻写出了毫米级长度的石墨线。利用半导体电阻测试仪对其伏安特性进行了测试,测得1 mm长石墨线的电阻约67.2 kΩ。该研究对基于金刚石的生物传感器、放射量测定计,及器件内掩埋石墨电极等制备都有一定的指导意义。

银纳米线-石墨烯-金纳米球复合表面增强拉曼光谱基底的构建及其对多环芳烃的检测

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术以其便捷性、灵敏性和指纹特征,可用于检测环境中微量的多环芳烃。制备的新型SERS基底,由硫醇修饰的银纳米线-石墨烯-金纳米球叠层复合而成,具有丰富的电磁场增强区域,能够通过π-π堆积作用和疏水作用协同选择性吸附环境中的多环芳烃,实现对其拉曼信号的放大。该基底对芘、苯并芘、蒽、菲的最低检测浓度均为10^(-6)mol/L,特征峰强度与浓度对数的相关性系数均大于0.98,且具有良好的均一性。该材料能够快速、准确地实现对多环芳烃的定性和定量检测,为改善化工生产和环境中多环芳烃的污染形势提供技术支持。

镍铜纳米线-氧化石墨烯复合磁性催化剂的制备及其性能

相对于贵金属催化剂,催化效率较低和循环使用性能不佳,是限制非贵金属催化剂在处理含硝基芳烃类的有机废水及工业生产对氨基苯酚等多相催化领域应用的关键因素,因此开发高效且可循环使用的非贵金属催化剂是当务之急。采用磁场辅助-液相还原-金属置换法,先在氧化石墨烯(GO)水溶胶体系中自组装制备氧化石墨烯与镍纳米线(Ni-NWs)的原位复合物Ni-NWs@GO,再利用原电池反应于液相条件下在前驱体Ni-NWs@GO的表面通过金属置换负载上活性金属铜(Cu),制备了一种磁性纳米催化剂镍铜纳米线-氧化石墨烯(Ni&Cu-NWs@GO),并以催化还原对硝基苯酚为对氨基苯酚为反应模型考察了其催化性能。结果表明:优化条件下制备的Ni&Cu-NWs@GO复合材料平均直径约为90nm,平均长度大于2μm,比表面积为11.36m^(2)/g;将其用于催化还原对硝基苯酚反应时,催化效率达到98.29%,质量反应速率常数为5.81mg-1·min-1,循环反应十圈后催化反应转化率超过82%,综合性能明显优于参照催化剂(市售雷尼镍)。

浸渍对石墨接地材料理化、电气性能的影响研究

浸渍液是以磷酸、磷酸盐、硼酸盐为主要试剂,为改善输配电接地工程用柔性石墨接地材料抗高温氧化性能差、温度耐受性低等问题配制而成,通过高温灼烧和工频大电流短路的方法测量柔性石墨接地材料的氧化失重率、机械性能、电气性能。结果表明:浸渍处理后的柔性石墨接地材料,高温灼烧时长为1h,灼烧温度在700℃以下时,柔性石墨接地材料的氧化失重率降低90%,断裂负荷变化率、交直流电阻绝对变化率也均未超过DL/T 2095—2020要求的10%变化率限制,浸渍液在柔性石墨接地材料表面形成了抗氧化涂层,阻止了柔性石墨接地材料在高温下的氧化,使得其抗高温氧化性能显著提高。

金刚石的石墨化及其对炸药爆轰合成超微金刚石产出率的影响

金刚石的石墨化对于炸药爆轰过程中金刚石的产出率有重要的影响。对碳相图进行了讨论 ,提出采用金刚石 石墨的动力学平衡线来评价炸药爆轰过程中金刚石的石墨化。通过数值模拟 。

Dual-band multi-beam reconfigurable terahertz antenna based on graphene frequency selective surface

In this paper,a dual-band graphene-based frequency selective surface(GFSS)is investigated and the operating mechanism of this GFSS is analyzed.By adjusting the bias voltage to control the graphene chemical po-tential between 0 eV and 0.5 eV,the GFSS can achieve four working states:dual-band passband,high-pass lowimpedance,low-pass high-impedance,and band-stop.Based on this GFSS,a hexagonal radome on a broadband omnidirectional monopole antenna is proposed,which can achieve independent 360°six-beam omnidirectional scanning at 1.08 THz and 1.58 THz dual bands.In addition,while increasing the directionality,the peak gains of the dual bands reach 7.44 dBi and 6.67 dBi,respectively.This work provides a simple method for realizing multi-band terahertz multi-beam reconfigurable antennas.

温度对防雷接地用石墨玻纤复合材料性能的影响

研究了膨化温度、膨化时间对可膨胀石墨膨化体积及氧化失重率的影响,基于正交试验方法研究了温度对石墨线性能的影响,通过扫描电镜观察膨胀石墨与玻璃纤维以及粘结物界面在高温灼烧后的变化,通过研究得出随着灼烧温度的升高,石墨线的断裂负荷逐渐减小,耐温失量和直流电阻变化率均在标准范围内;当灼烧时间较短时,同时温度在750℃下,石墨线各项性能的变化率均在10%以内,可以得出,在断路器防护动作时间内,防雷接地用石墨基柔性接地体在遇到短路故障大电流作用下其耐受温度可达到750℃。研究结果对制备导电性能良好的石墨基柔性接地材料,提高石墨基柔性接地体导电、大电流耐受性能有指导意义。

透明导电薄膜(Ⅳ):石墨烯透明导电薄膜

石墨烯透明导电薄膜具有十分优异的光学、热学、电学和力学性能,在未来的柔性光电子器件中具有明显的优势。本文详细阐述石墨烯的结构及性质,综述以PET为衬底的TiN/石墨烯/PET薄膜、ZnO/石墨烯/PET薄膜、GaN/石墨烯/PET薄膜,以PI为衬底的PI/石墨烯/ZnO复合薄膜和石墨烯/Ag纳米线薄膜的研究进展,并概述石墨烯透明导电薄膜的应用领域。

Catalytic Performance of Carbon Materials Supported Pd Nanoparticles in Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene

Pd/C catalysts were prepared by deposited Pd nanoparticles （NPs） on different carbon supports including activated carbon （AC）, graphite oxide （GO）, and reduced graphite oxide （rGO） using sol-immobilization method. Through transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray di raction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the role of the carbon supports for the catalytic performances of Pd/C catalysts was examined in selective hydrogenation of acetylene. The results indicate that Pd/AC exhibited higher activity and selectivity than Pd/GO and Pd/rGO in the gas phase selective hydrogenation of acetylene. Thermal and chemical treatment of AC supports also have some effect on the catalytic performance of Pd/AC catalysts. The differences in the activity and selectivity of various Pd/C catalysts were partly attributed to the metal-support interaction.

石墨烯-金属纳米线阵列增敏等离子体光纤传感器

设计了一种新颖的石墨烯-金属纳米线阵列结构等离子体D型光纤传感器。在纤芯上利用石墨烯与金属纳米线产生的局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)特性,达到提高折射率灵敏度的效果。采用全矢量有限元法对该结构等离子体模和纤芯模的色散关系进行分析,同时研究金属传感层厚度和金纳米线直径对传感器性能的影响,最后对三种不同结构(金膜结构、石墨烯-金膜-石墨烯结构、石墨烯-金属纳米线阵列结构)传感器的灵敏度进行比较。结果表明,采用优化后的结构参数,可使所设计的基于石墨烯-金属纳米线阵列结构的传感器灵敏度得到极大的提升。折射率为1.33~1.40时,所设计结构的最高灵敏度为7383.79 nm/RIU,平均灵敏度为4136.00 nm/RIU。该研究结果为下一代等离子体光纤传感器设计提供了理论依据。

Resistivity measurement of conductive asphalt concrete based on two-electrode method

The objective of this work is to develop a novel methodology for determining real resistivity of conductive asphalt concrete based on two-electrode method.Due to an influence of contact resistance,the measured resistivity is always not equal to the real resistivity.To determine the real resistivity,a linear relationship of the measured resistivity,contact resistance and the real resistivity was established.Then experiments for six specimens with varying graphite contents were designed and performed to validate the formulation.Results of experiments demonstrate that the slope of the line represents contact resistance,and the intercept indicates the real resistivity.The effects of graphite content on contact resistance and real resistivity are also revealed.Finally,results show that the influence of contact resistance on accuracy of resisitvity measurement becomes more serious if graphite content is beyond 3%.Hence,it is the time to choose this novel methodology to determine the real resistivity of asphalt concrete by taking account of contact resistance.

An efficient strategy for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production over oxygen-enriched graphitic carbon nitride with sodium phosphate

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production is a promising strategy to replace the traditional production processes;however,the inefficient H_(2)O_(2) productivity limits its application.In this study,oxygen-rich g-C_(3)N_(4) with abundant nitrogen vacancies(OCN)was synthesized for photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2) production.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that oxygen-containing functional groups(–COOH and C–O–C)were obtained.Electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed the successful introduction of nitrogen vacancies.OCN exhibited efficient photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2) production performance of 1965μmol L^(−1) h^(−1) in air under visible-light irradiation.The high H_(2)O_(2) production was attributed to the enhanced adsorption of oxygen,enlarged specific surface area,and promoted carrier separation.An increased H_(2)O_(2) production rate(5781μmol L^(−1) h^(−1))was achieved in a Na_(3)PO_(4) solution.The improved performance was attributed to the changed reactive oxygen species.Specifically,the adsorbed PO_(4)^(3−) on the surface of the OCN promoted the transfer of holes to the catalyst surface.•O_(2)−obtained by O_(2) reduction reacted with adjacent holes to generate 1O_(2),which could efficiently generate H_(2)O_(2) with isopropanol.Additionally,PO_(4)^(3−),as a stabilizer,inhibited the decomposition of H_(2)O_(2).

Nonlinear free vibration of graphene platelets reinforced composite corrugated plates

The nonlinear vibration of graphene platelets reinforced composite corrugated(GPRCC)rectangular plates with shallow trapezoidal corrugations is investigated.Since graphene platelets are prone to agglomeration,a multi-layer distribution is adopted here to match the engineering requirements.Firstly,an equivalent composite plate model is obtained,and then nonlinear equations of motion are derived by the von Kármán nonlinear geometric relationship and Hamilton’s principle.Afterwards,the Galerkin method and harmonic balance method are used to obtain an approximate analytical solution.Results show that the unit cell half period,unit cell inclination angle,unit cell height,graphene platelet dispersion pattern and graphene platelet weight fraction and geometry play important roles in the nonlinear vibration of the GPRCC plates.

Calculation of the coefficient and dynamics of water diffusion in graphite joints

The coefficient and dynamics of water diffusion in adhesive-graphite joints were calculated in-situ with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, a method that is significantly simpler than elemental analysis. Water diffusion coefficient and dynamics of adhesive-graphite joints treated by different surface treatment methods were also investigated. Calculation results indicated that the water diffusion rate in adhesive-graphite joints treated by sandpaper was higher than that treated by chemical oxidation or by silane couple agent. Also the durability of graphite joints treated by coupling agent is superior to that treated by chemical oxidation or sandpaper burnishing.

Catalytic Performance of Graphite Oxide Supported Au Nanoparticles in Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol： Support Effect

Various Au/GO catalysts were prepared by depositing Au nanoparticles on thermally- and chemically-treated graphite oxide （GO） supports using a sol-immobilization method. The surface chemistry and structure of GO supports were characterized by a series of analytical techniques including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that thermal and chemical treatments have large influence on the presence of surface oxygenated groups and the crystalline structure of GO supports. A strong support effect was observed on the catalytic activity of Au/GO catalysts in the liquid phase aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Compared to the amount and the type of surface oxygen functional groups, the ordered structure of GO supports may play a more important role in determining the catalytic performance of Au/GO catalysts.

Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene via Thermal Annealing Graphene with Urea

Chemical doping is an effective method to intrinsically modify the chemical and electronic property of graphene. We propose a novel approach to synthesize the nitrogen-doped graphene via thermal annealing graphene with urea, in which the nitrogen source can be controllably released from the urea by varying the annealed temperature and time. The doped N content and the configuration N as well as the thermal stabilities are also evaluated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectra. Electrical measurements indi- cate that the conductivity of doped graphene can be well regulated with the N content. The method is expected to produce large scale and controllable N-doped graphene sheets for a variety of potential applications.

Modified Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Fuel Cells

We report modified nitrogen-doped graphene （CN） as electrocatalyst for ORR （oxygen reduction reaction） in alkaline medium. CN was synthesized by a novel procedure based on graphite oxide thermally treated with cyanamide suitable for facile N-doping and large-scale production, whereas cyanamide was used as N-precursor. The structure of the material was characterized by TEM （transmission electron microscopy）, SEM （scanning electron microscopy）, Raman spectroscopy and XPS （X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy）. Structural and electrochemical properties of CN were compared with those of non-modified graphene （TRGO （thermally reduced graphite oxide））. The electrochemical characterization of TRGO and CN in alkaline solution demonstrates enhanced electrocatalytic ORR activity and improved long-term stability for N-doped CN. Voltammetric studies confirmed that, oxygen reduction on CN rather follows four-electron pathway. Compared with commercial 20% PtC catalyst, CN is characterized by exceptional methanol crossover resistance and superb long-term operation stability. Owing to these factors, nitrogen-doped graphene has a great potential to be used as metal-free electrocatalyst in cathodes of alkaline fuel cells.

Clean transfer of graphene on Pt foils mediated by a carbon monoxide intercalation process

Noble metals such as Pt are a perfect substrate for the catalytic growth of monolayer graphene. However, the requirements of the subsequent transfer process are not compatible with the traditional etching method. In this work, we find that the interaction of graphene with Pt foil can be weakened through the intercalation of carbon monoxide （CO） under ambient pressure. This intercalation process occurs on both hexagonal-shape graphene islands and irregular graphene patches on changing the CO partial pressure from 0 to 0.6 MPa, as observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. We demonstrate that, on a practical timescale, the intercalation ratio is proportional to the partial pressure of CO. Furthermore, we develop a clean transfer method of CO-intercalated graphene with water as a peeling agent. We show that this method enables the transfer of tens of micrometer-scale graphene patches onto SiO2/Si, which are free from metal or oxide particle contamination. This transfer method should be a significant step towards the dean transfer of graphene, as well as the recydable use of noble metal substrates.

Photocatalytic debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether by graphitic carbon nitride

The graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) is found to be an efficient photocatalyst for the reductive degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209) under UV irradiation(>360 nm).g-C3N4 was prepared by heating dicyandiamide.X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and UV-vis spectra were used to characterize the properties of as-prepared catalysts.The photoreductive degradation kinetics of BDE209 was further investigated under different reaction conditions.The degradation of BDE209 is a stepwise process,and the bromines at meta positions are much more susceptible to remove than those at the ortho and para positions.A possible photoreductive mechanism was also proposed.

Chemical Versus Thermal Folding of Graphene Edges

Using molecular dynamics （MD） simulations, we have investigated the kinetics of the graphene edge folding process. The lower limit of the energy barrier is found to be -380 meV/A （or about 800 meV per edge atom） and -50 meV/A （or about 120 meV per edge atom） for folding the edges of intrinsic clean single-layer graphene （SLG） and double-layer graphene （DLG）, respectively. However, the edge folding barriers can be substantially reduced by imbalanced chemical adsorption, such as of H atoms, on the two sides of graphene along the edges. Our studies indicate that thermal folding is not feasible at room temperature （RT） for clean SLG and DLG edges and is feasible at high temperature only for DLG edges, whereas chemical folding （with adsorbates） of both SLG and DLG edges can be spontaneous at RT. These findings suggest that the folded edge structures of suspended graphene observed in some experiments are possibly due to the presence of adsorbates at the edges.