The strong collecting performance of N-laurel-1,3-diaminopropane(ND13) with respect to quartz encouraged us to study its separation of hematite and quartz mixtures in a laboratory cell flotation test The results sho...The strong collecting performance of N-laurel-1,3-diaminopropane(ND13) with respect to quartz encouraged us to study its separation of hematite and quartz mixtures in a laboratory cell flotation test The results show that the best separation results can be achieved when the pulp pH is 7.27 and 58.3 mg/L collector plus 6.67 mg/L depressant are added to the mixture.Products with 58.45%,62.78%and 63.72% iron grades can be achieved respectively when mass ratio of hematite to quartz is 2:3,1:1,and 3:2.The adsorption mechanism of ND13 on a quartz surface was investigated by zeta-potential and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.The results reveal that electrostatic and hydrogen bonding adsorption take place between ND13 and the quartz surface,and that ND13 mainly interacts with the oxygen atoms on the quartz surface.展开更多
The Victorian period experienced, among many other paradoxes, an ongoing tension between science and spirituality. Bearing the legacy of the "Enlightenment Rationalism" and the Cartesian division between "matter" ...The Victorian period experienced, among many other paradoxes, an ongoing tension between science and spirituality. Bearing the legacy of the "Enlightenment Rationalism" and the Cartesian division between "matter" and "mind" since the eighteenth century, the Victorian minds had to deal with a contemporary world rapidly unfolding new discoveries in geology, astronomy, biology, and medical sciences. However, these could not completely erase the spiritual belief from the human mind. Rather they sought to reshape their codes in terms of "alternative sciences" like occultism and metaphysical psychiatry (pre-Freudian). This paper seeks to explore the characterisation of the "metaphysical" physician in two novels by Wilkie Collins and Marie Corelli, showing how these figures play a crucial role in negotiating the tensions between science and spiritualism.展开更多
This article describes the application of the PIMS software in formulating monthly refining production plan. Application of the PIMS software can help to solve a series of problems related with monthly plan of refinin...This article describes the application of the PIMS software in formulating monthly refining production plan. Application of the PIMS software can help to solve a series of problems related with monthly plan of refining production such as optimized selection of crude and feedstocks, optimized selection of production scale and processing scheme, identification of bottlenecks and their mitigation,optimized selection of turnaround time and optimized selection of operating regime, which have increased the economic benefits of refining enterprises. With the further development and improvement of models the PIMS software will play an increasingly important role in formulating monthly plans of refining operations and production management at refineries. This article also explores the problems existing in refinery monthly planning, and has made recommendations on developing and improving models and reporting system, enhancement of basic data acquisition, model maintenance personnel and staff training.展开更多
The lunar soils evolution over time is mainly caused by space weathering that includes the impacts of varying-sized meteoroids and charged particles implantation of solar/cosmic winds as well.It has long been establis...The lunar soils evolution over time is mainly caused by space weathering that includes the impacts of varying-sized meteoroids and charged particles implantation of solar/cosmic winds as well.It has long been established that space weathering leads to the formation of outmost amorphous layers(50–200 nm in thickness)embedded nanophase iron(npFe^(0))around the mineral fragments,albeit the origin of the npFe^(0) remains controversial.The Chang’e-5(CE-5)mission returned samples feature the youngest mare basalt and the highest latitude sampling site,providing an opportunity to seek the critical clues for understanding the evolution of soils under space weathering.Here,we report the surface microstructures of the major minerals including olivine,pyroxene,anorthite,and glassy beads in the lunar soil of CE-5.Unlike the previous observations,only olivine in all crystals is surrounded by a thinner outmost amorphous SiO_(2) layer(∼10 nm thick)and embedded wüstite nanoparticles FeO(np-FeO,3–12 nm in size)instead of npFe^(0).No foreign volatile elements deposition layer and solar flare tracks can be found on the surface or inside the olivine and other minerals.This unique rim structure has not been reported for any other lunar,terrestrial,Martian,or meteorite samples so far.The observation of wüstite FeO and the microstructures support the existence of an intermediate stage in space weathering for lunar minerals by thermal decomposition.展开更多
A theoretical model in the 1900 nm waveband for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of thulium-doped silica fiber is presented. The ASE spectral power as functions of the fiber length and the pump power is investigat...A theoretical model in the 1900 nm waveband for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of thulium-doped silica fiber is presented. The ASE spectral power as functions of the fiber length and the pump power is investigated by solving the rate and propagation equations. By calculation, when the concentration of thulium in fiber is 2.25×1025 m-3, the fiber core diameter is 2.6 μm, and the pump power is 200 mW at 808 nm, the optimal fiber length is 8.1 m, and the output power of ASE can reach 60 mW in the range of 1800-1950 nm with this fiber length. The optical-to-optical conversion is 30.3%. The optimal pump power also can be obtained by this model.展开更多
The distribution characteristics of the impact craters can provide a large amount of information on impact history and the lunar evolution process. In this research, based on the digital elevation model (DEM) data o...The distribution characteristics of the impact craters can provide a large amount of information on impact history and the lunar evolution process. In this research, based on the digital elevation model (DEM) data originating from Change'E-1 CCD stereo camera, three automatic extraction methods for the impact craters are implemented in two research areas: direct extraction from flooded DEM data (the Flooded method), object-oriented extraction from DEM data by using ENVI ZOOM function (the Object-Oriented method) and novel object-oriented extraction from flooded DEM data (the Flooded Object-Oriented method). Accuracy assessment, extracted degree computation, cumulative frequency analysis, shape and age analysis of the extracted craters combined display the following results. (1) The Flooded Object-Oriented method yields better accuracy than the other two methods in the two research areas; the extraction result of the Flooded method offers the similar accuracy to that of the Object-Oriented method. (2) The cumulative frequency curves for the extracted craters and the confirmed craters share a simi- lar change trajectory. (3) The number of the impact craters extracted by the three methods in the Imbrian period is the largest and is of various types; as to their age earlier than lmbrain, it is difficult to extract because they could have been destroyed.展开更多
基金Financial support for this research provided by the National Key Technology Development and Research Programs of China(Nos. 2008BAB32B14 and 2008BAB31B03)
文摘The strong collecting performance of N-laurel-1,3-diaminopropane(ND13) with respect to quartz encouraged us to study its separation of hematite and quartz mixtures in a laboratory cell flotation test The results show that the best separation results can be achieved when the pulp pH is 7.27 and 58.3 mg/L collector plus 6.67 mg/L depressant are added to the mixture.Products with 58.45%,62.78%and 63.72% iron grades can be achieved respectively when mass ratio of hematite to quartz is 2:3,1:1,and 3:2.The adsorption mechanism of ND13 on a quartz surface was investigated by zeta-potential and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.The results reveal that electrostatic and hydrogen bonding adsorption take place between ND13 and the quartz surface,and that ND13 mainly interacts with the oxygen atoms on the quartz surface.
文摘The Victorian period experienced, among many other paradoxes, an ongoing tension between science and spirituality. Bearing the legacy of the "Enlightenment Rationalism" and the Cartesian division between "matter" and "mind" since the eighteenth century, the Victorian minds had to deal with a contemporary world rapidly unfolding new discoveries in geology, astronomy, biology, and medical sciences. However, these could not completely erase the spiritual belief from the human mind. Rather they sought to reshape their codes in terms of "alternative sciences" like occultism and metaphysical psychiatry (pre-Freudian). This paper seeks to explore the characterisation of the "metaphysical" physician in two novels by Wilkie Collins and Marie Corelli, showing how these figures play a crucial role in negotiating the tensions between science and spiritualism.
文摘This article describes the application of the PIMS software in formulating monthly refining production plan. Application of the PIMS software can help to solve a series of problems related with monthly plan of refining production such as optimized selection of crude and feedstocks, optimized selection of production scale and processing scheme, identification of bottlenecks and their mitigation,optimized selection of turnaround time and optimized selection of operating regime, which have increased the economic benefits of refining enterprises. With the further development and improvement of models the PIMS software will play an increasingly important role in formulating monthly plans of refining operations and production management at refineries. This article also explores the problems existing in refinery monthly planning, and has made recommendations on developing and improving models and reporting system, enhancement of basic data acquisition, model maintenance personnel and staff training.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-2)the Project from China National Space Administration(CE5C0400YJFM00507)。
文摘The lunar soils evolution over time is mainly caused by space weathering that includes the impacts of varying-sized meteoroids and charged particles implantation of solar/cosmic winds as well.It has long been established that space weathering leads to the formation of outmost amorphous layers(50–200 nm in thickness)embedded nanophase iron(npFe^(0))around the mineral fragments,albeit the origin of the npFe^(0) remains controversial.The Chang’e-5(CE-5)mission returned samples feature the youngest mare basalt and the highest latitude sampling site,providing an opportunity to seek the critical clues for understanding the evolution of soils under space weathering.Here,we report the surface microstructures of the major minerals including olivine,pyroxene,anorthite,and glassy beads in the lunar soil of CE-5.Unlike the previous observations,only olivine in all crystals is surrounded by a thinner outmost amorphous SiO_(2) layer(∼10 nm thick)and embedded wüstite nanoparticles FeO(np-FeO,3–12 nm in size)instead of npFe^(0).No foreign volatile elements deposition layer and solar flare tracks can be found on the surface or inside the olivine and other minerals.This unique rim structure has not been reported for any other lunar,terrestrial,Martian,or meteorite samples so far.The observation of wüstite FeO and the microstructures support the existence of an intermediate stage in space weathering for lunar minerals by thermal decomposition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60677027)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20060422025)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (No.2006ZRC01022)Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province of China (No.2008JQB01155)Research Award Fund for Outstanding Middle-aged and Young Scientist of Shandong Province of China (No.2007BS08003)
文摘A theoretical model in the 1900 nm waveband for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of thulium-doped silica fiber is presented. The ASE spectral power as functions of the fiber length and the pump power is investigated by solving the rate and propagation equations. By calculation, when the concentration of thulium in fiber is 2.25×1025 m-3, the fiber core diameter is 2.6 μm, and the pump power is 200 mW at 808 nm, the optimal fiber length is 8.1 m, and the output power of ASE can reach 60 mW in the range of 1800-1950 nm with this fiber length. The optical-to-optical conversion is 30.3%. The optimal pump power also can be obtained by this model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40871177 and 41171332)the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Institute of Geographic and Natural Resources Research, the Chinese Academy of Sci-ences (Grant No. 201001005)
文摘The distribution characteristics of the impact craters can provide a large amount of information on impact history and the lunar evolution process. In this research, based on the digital elevation model (DEM) data originating from Change'E-1 CCD stereo camera, three automatic extraction methods for the impact craters are implemented in two research areas: direct extraction from flooded DEM data (the Flooded method), object-oriented extraction from DEM data by using ENVI ZOOM function (the Object-Oriented method) and novel object-oriented extraction from flooded DEM data (the Flooded Object-Oriented method). Accuracy assessment, extracted degree computation, cumulative frequency analysis, shape and age analysis of the extracted craters combined display the following results. (1) The Flooded Object-Oriented method yields better accuracy than the other two methods in the two research areas; the extraction result of the Flooded method offers the similar accuracy to that of the Object-Oriented method. (2) The cumulative frequency curves for the extracted craters and the confirmed craters share a simi- lar change trajectory. (3) The number of the impact craters extracted by the three methods in the Imbrian period is the largest and is of various types; as to their age earlier than lmbrain, it is difficult to extract because they could have been destroyed.