废石米、废石粉再利用对环境保护的影响分析

废石米、废石粉通常是在煤炭开采和矿石加工作业过程中产生的废弃物,其传统的处理方式对环境造成了极大的污染。新型燃烧工艺通过将这些废弃物与超低卡煤混合燃烧,充分利用了废石米、废石粉中的少量可燃成分,提高了资源的利用效率,减少了废弃物的堆积与有害气体的排放。本文深入探讨了该新型燃烧工艺在减少温室气体排放、改善空气质量和推动资源循环利用方面的积极影响,证明了其在节能减排和环境保护中的重要作用。该研究为提升资源利用效率和实现可持续发展提供了有效的解决方案。

石米混凝土双向拉伸弱化效应研究

通过实验得到，混凝土在双向拉伸下的强度与其在单向拉伸下的强度相比较，会出现很大弱化现象，弱化程度达１５％～３０％．这对当今大跨度的钢筋混凝土板、壳结构来说，是一个非常重要的课题．

Small⁃size Au nanoparticles anchored on pyrenyl⁃graphdiyne for N_(2)electroreduction

A gold catalyst of Au/pyrenyl‑graphdiyne(Pyr‑GDY)was prepared by anchoring small size of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)on the surface of Pyr‑GDY for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR),in which Au NPs with a size of approximately 3.69 nm was evenly distributed on spongy‑like porous Pyr‑GDY.The catalyst exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity for N_(2)reduction in a nitrogen‑saturated electrolyte,with an ammonia yield of 32.1μg·h^(-1)·mg_(cat)^(-1)at-0.3 V(vs RHE),3.5 times higher than that of Au/C(Au NPs anchored on carbon black).In addition,Au/Pyr‑GDY showed a Faraday efficiency(FE)of 26.9%for eNRR,and a good catalysis durability for over 22 h.

Nitrogen⁃doped 3D graphene⁃carbon nanotube network for efficient lithium storage

A 3D nitrogen⁃doped graphene/multi⁃walled carbon nanotube(CS⁃GO⁃NCNT)crosslinked network mate⁃rial was successfully synthesized utilizing chitosan and melamine as carbon and nitrogen sources,concomitant with the incorporation of multi⁃wall carbon nanotubes and employing freeze drying technology.The material amalgamates the merits of 1D/2D hybrid carbon materials,wherein 1D carbon nanotubes confer robustness and expedited elec⁃tron transport pathways,while 2D graphene sheets facilitate rapid ion migration.Furthermore,the introduction of nitrogen heteroatoms serves to furnish additional active sites for lithium storage.When served as an anode material for lithium⁃ion batteries,the CS⁃GO⁃NCNT electrode delivered a reversible capacity surpassing 500 mAh·g^(-1),mark⁃edly outperforming commercial graphite anodes.Even after 300 cycles at a high current density of 1 A·g^(-1),it remained a reversible capacity of up to 268 mAh·g^(-1).

台湾朱一贵抗清史料(中)

闽浙总督臣觉罗·满保谨奏,为恭请开销征台饷银事。 臣等查得,康熙六十年征台支出饷银二十六万两余,米六万余石。其中十万二千两银,臣等将共同捐补,其余十六万余两银及六万余石米,奏请开销。等情。已于康熙六十一年九月具奏,由兵部驳回酌减。经臣再四逐项核算,时因军务孔亟,根据需要及时供给是实。

Novel multifunctional epoxy based graphitic carbon nitride/silanized TiO_(2) nanocomposite as protective coatings for steel surface against corrosion and flame in the shipping industry

The chemical compound 3-(N-ethylamino)isobutyl)trimethoxysilane(EAMS)modified titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)),producing EAMS-TiO_(2),which was encased in graphitic carbon nitride(GCN)and integrated into epoxy resin(EP).The protective properties of mild steel coated with this nanocomposite in a marine environment were assessedusing electrochemical techniques.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and Cone calorimetry tests demonstrated thatGCN/EAMS-TiO_(2)significantly enhanced the flame retardancy of the epoxy coating,reducing peak heat release rate(PHRR)and total heat release(THR)values by 88%and 70%,respectively,compared to pure EP.Salt spray testsindicated reduced water absorption and improved corrosion resistance.The optimal concentration of 0.6 wt%GCNEAMS/TiO_(2)yielded the highest resistance,with the nanocomposite achieving a coating resistance of 7.50×10^(10)Ω·cm^(2)after 28 d in seawater.The surface resistance of EP-GCN/EAMS-TiO_(2)was over 99.9 times higher than pure EP after onehour in seawater.SECM analysis showed the lowest ferrous ion dissipation(1.0 nA)for EP-GCN/EAMS-TiO_(2)coatedsteel.FE-SEM and EDX analyses revealed improved breakdown products and a durable inert nanolayered covering.Thenanocomposite exhibited excellent water resistance(water contact angle of 167°)and strong mechanical properties,withadhesive strength increasing to 18.3 MPa after 28 d in seawater.EP-GCN/EAMS-TiO_(2)shows potential as a coatingmaterial for the shipping industry.

Preparation and electromagnetic shielding properties of PET/rGO/SWCNT composite fabric

Graphene oxide(GO)with excellent dispersion ability can assist the dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)and promote the formation of uniform and stable GO/SWCNT coating liquid.The highly conductive polyethylene terephthalate/reduced graphene oxide/SWCNT(PET/rGO/SWCNT)electromagnetic shielding composite fabric was successfully prepared by anchoring rGO/SWCNT on PET fabric via dip-coating piror to low-temperature thermal reduction.The results showed that the carboxyl groups and hydroxyl groups formed of hydrophilic-treated PET were conducive to the formation of hydrogen bonds with that of GO,which enhanced the interaction between PET fabric and GO/SWCNT coating;the loading of GO/SWCNT increased with the number of dip-coating,the unit area loading of rGO/SWCNT in the final composite fabric was 2.7 mg/cm^(2) after 10 dip-coating cycles and thermal reduction;the PET/rGO/SWCNT composite fabric had a continuous and dense conductive network,with a conductivity of up to 41.6 S/m and the average electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness in X-band was 22 dB;the flexible PET/rGO/SWCNT composite fabric was not only easy to process,but also exhibited excellent conductivity and shielding efficiency,showing great potential in the application of electromagnetic shielding fabrics.

Increasing both the electromagnetic shielding and thermal conductive properties of three-dimensional graphene-CNT-SiC hybrid materials

During the operation of electronic devices,a considerable amount of heat and electromagnetic radiation is emitted.Therefore,the investigation of materials with electromagnetic shielding and thermal management abilities has significant importance.Hybrid materials of three-dimensional graphene networks containing both carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and SiC whiskers(3D graphene-CNT-SiC)were synthesized.Using an aqueous-phase reduction method for the self-assembly of the graphene oxide,a three-dimen-sional porous graphene structure was fabricated.SiC whiskers,inserted between the graphene layers,formed a framework for longit-udinal thermal conduction,while CNTs attached to the SiC surface,created a dendritic structure that increased the bonding between the SiC whiskers and graphene,improving dielectric loss and thermal conductivity.It was found that the thermal conductivity of the hybrid material reached 123 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),with a shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB when the SiC addition was 2%.This result indic-ates that 3D graphene-CNT-SiC has excellent thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance.

Selective glycerol oxidation using platinum nanoparticles supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nitrogen-doped graphene hybrid

Selective oxidation of glycerol is a hot topic.Increased biodiesel production has led to glycerol oxidation over Au- and Pt-based catalysts being widely studied.However,Pt catalysts suffer from deactivation because of weak metal-support interactions.In this study,multi-walled carbon nanotube（MWCNTs）-pillared nitrogen-doped graphene（NG） was prepared by direct pyrolysis of melamine on MWCNTs,and the synthesized NG-MWCNT composite was used as the support for Pt.Characterization results showed that the surface area（173 m^2/g） and pore volume of the NG-MWCNT composite were greater than those of bare MWCNTs and the separated melamine pyrolysis product（CH_x）.Pt（1.4±0.4 nm） dispersion on the NG-MWCNTs was favorable and the Pt/NG-MWCNT catalyst was highly active and selective in the oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid（GLYA） in base-free aqueous solution.For example,the conversion of glycerol reached 64.4% with a GLYA selectivity of 81.0%,whereas the conversions of glycerol over Pt/MWCNTs and Pt/CN_x were 29.0% and 31.6%,respectively.The unique catalytic activity of the Pt/NG-MWCNTs is attributed to well-dispersed Pt clusters on the NG-MWCNTs and the electron-donating effect of the nitrogen dopant in the NG-MWCNTs.

Synthesis, Characterization and Luminescent Properties of La2Zr2OT：Eu3＋ Nanorods

The Eu3＋-doped La2Zr207 phosphor with rod-like morphology was successfully synthesized by conventional solid state reaction and hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectra were employed to charac- terize its structure and morphology as well as luminescent properties. The results indicated that the red-emitting phosphor La2Zr207：Eu3＋ had well crystallized and belonged to the cubic structure with space group of Fd3m. The as-obtained product mainly appeared as straight nanorods with an average diameter of 47 nm and length of 50-700 nm. The pos- sible growth mechanism was also discussed. It was found that under blue excitation with a wavelength of 466 nm, the La2Zr2OT：Eu3＋ phosphor exhibited a characteristic red emission at 616 nm that was attributed to the hypersensitive 5D0--＊TF2 electric dipole transition of Eu3＋ ions. Meanwhile, it was more interesting to note that the emission of 5D1--＊TFj （J=0, 1, 2） transitions and the splitting patterns of 5D0---＋TFJ （J--l, 2, 4） transitions of Eu3＋ ions can be observed in the luminescent spectra of La2Zr207：Eu3＋. It was demonstrated that Eu3＋ preferred to occupy a low symmetry site.

Effective thermal and electrical conductivity of graphite nanoplatelet composites

The relationship between the thermal/electrical conductivity enhancement in graphite nanoplatelets （GNPs） composites and the properties of filling graphite nanoplatelets is studied. The effective thermal and electrical conductivity enhancements of GNP-oil nanofluids and GNP-polyimide composites are measured. By taking into account the particle shape, the volume fraction, the thermal conductivity of filling particles and the base fluids, the thermal and electrical conductivity enhancements of GNP nanofluids are theoretically predicted by the generalized effective medium theory. Both the nonlinear dependence of effective thermal conductivity on the GNP volume fraction in nanofhiids and the very low percolation threshold for GNP-polyimide composites are well predicted. The theoretical predications are found to be in reasonably good agreement with the experimental data. The generalized effective medium theory can be used for predicting the thermal and electrical properties of GNP composites and it is still available for most of the thermal/electrical modifications in two-phase composites.

Arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and its bioactivity for gene delivery

In order to further improve the transfection efficiency of hydroxyapatite nanoparticle （HAp）, arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite （HAp/Arg） was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis. The morphology, crystallite size and zeta potential of the HAp/Arg were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and zeta potential analyzer. The loading and protecting properties of HAp/Arg to DNA were tested by electrophoresis. Its cytotoxicity was also measured in Hela cells and HAEC cells by MTT and LDH, and its transfection efficiency was examined by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The results reveal that HAp/Arg is short rod-like and nano single crystal, the mean diameter is 50-90 nm and zeta potential is 35.8 mV at pH 7.4. HAp/Arg to DNA can be condensed by electrostatic effect and protect DNA against degradation in DNase I, and shows high transfection efficiency without cytotoxicity. These results suggest that HAp/Arg can be a promising alternative as a novel gene delivery system.

Electronic and Optical Properties of O-Terminated Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons

The structure, electromagnetic and optical properties of the O-terminated graphene nanorib- bons with armchair edge are studied using first-principles theory. The results show that the O-terminated armchair edge are more stable than the H-terminated ribbons and show metal- lic character. Spin-polarized calculations reveal that the antiferromagnetic state are more stable than the ferromagnetic state. The energy band and density of states analyses show that the O-terminated armchair edge are antiferromagnetic semiconductors. Because of the terminated 0 atoms, the dielectric function has an evident red shift and the first peak is the strongest with its main contribution derived from the highest valence band. The peaks of the dielectric function, reflection, absorption, energy loss are related to the transition of electrons. Our results suggest that the O-terminated graphene nanoribbons have potential applications in nanoelectronics, opto-electric devices.

怀集县发现明代御赐锦幛一幅

怀集县志办公室于搜集县志资料中,在县内发现明代御赐锦幛一幅.锦幛是明成化皇帝嘉奖谭盛发所立军功而赐的,现由冷坑镇一谭姓老人收藏.老人称,谭盛发贡生出身.系其七世祖.该锦幛呈长方形.长2.20、宽0.6米.四围是黄绸,底边缀有垂穗,中间是一块质地上好的绢,其上有手书楷字,文字清晰.末行正中钤篆体的“敕命之宝”玉玺鉴一方.

Preparation on Nanoemulsion of Pomegranate Peel Polyphenol

[Objective] The aim was to obtain the preparation technology of the pomegranate peel polyphenol nanoemulsion. [Method] The pomegranate peel polyphe- nol nanoemulsion was prepared by the titration methods and the pseudo ternary dia- gram. The effect of various elements on the formation of the nanoemulsion was stud- ied. [Results] The optimal prescription of the pomegranate peel polyphenol nanoemul- sion was 4.4%（w/w） of pomegranate peel polyphenol, 34.1%（w/w） of EL-40, 17.1%（w/w） of anhydrous ethanol, 5.7%（w/w） of IPM and 38.7%（w/w） of distilled water. [Conclusion] It is feasible to produce the pomegranate peel polyphenol nanoemulsion by the titration methods and the pseudo ternary diagram. It consists of pomegranate peel polyphe- nol, EL-40, anhydrous ethanol, IPM and distilled water. There is 4.4%（w/w） of the pomegranate peel polyphenol in the nanoemuJsion.

Sliding wear behavior of copper-based composites reinforced with graphene nanosheets and graphite

The mechanical and tribological properties of hot-pressed copper-based composites containing different amounts of graphene nanosheets（GNSs） are compared with those of copper-graphite（Gr） composites fabricated by the same method.The results show that the Cu-GNSs composites exhibit higher relative density,microhardness and bending strength compared with Cu-Gr composites with the same volume fraction of GNSs and Gr.Moreover,the friction coefficients and wear rates reduce significantly by the addition of GNSs,whereas the limited impact on reducing friction and wear is found on graphite.The abrasive and delamination wear are the dominant wear mechanisms of the composites.It is believed that the superior mechanical and tribological performances of Cu-GNSs composites are attributed to the unique strengthening effect as well as the higher lubricating efficiency of graphene nanosheets compared with those of graphite,which demonstrates that GNS is an ideal filler for copper matrix composites,acting as not only an impactful lubricant but also a favorable reinforcement.

由明清米价看康乾盛世

民以食为天。在我国古代,百姓吃得好不好、能不能吃饱,是衡量社会是否稳定的重要参数之一。我国明清时期以大米为主粮,俗话说管中窥豹,那么由当时米价也能粗略看出某一段历史时期的政治、经济、社会的相关情况。明清时期,江南是稻米的主产地。

Fabrication and characterization of electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni-Fe alloys for NiFe_2O_4 spinel coatings

Nanocrystalline Ni-Fe FCC alloy coatings with Fe content of 1.3%-39%（mass fraction） were fabricated on the nickel substrates using a DC electrodeposition technique. The crystal structure, lattice strain, grain size and lattice constant of the Ni-Fe alloy coatings were studied by X-ray diffraction technique. The chemical composition and surface morphology of the FCC Ni-Fe alloy coatings were investigated with the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS） and atomic force microscopy（AFM）. The results show that the Fe content of the Ni-Fe alloy coatings has a great influence on the preferred orientation, grain size, lattice constant and lattice strain. FCC Ni-Fe alloy coatings exhibit preferred orientations of（200） or（200）（111）. With an increase of Fe content, the preferred growth orientation of（200） plane is weakened gradually, while the preferred growth orientation of（111） increases. An increase of the Fe content in the range of 1.3%-25%（mass fraction） results in a significant grain refinement of the coatings. Increasing the Fe content beyond 25% does not decrease the grain size of FCC Ni-Fe alloys further. The lattice strain increases with increasing the Fe content in the FCC Ni-Fe alloys. Since the alloys with Fe content not less than 25% has similar grain size（~11 nm）, the increase in the lattice strain with the increase of Fe content cannot be attributed to the change in the grain size.

Effects of Nanometer Hydroxyapatite on Proliferation of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts

Objective:To investigate possible effects of nanophase powder of hydroxyapatite on proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. Methods: With sol-gel method, the nanophase hydroxyapatite powders were fabricated. These powders were proved nanopaticles by transmission electron microscope. The effects on proliferation of periodontal ligament cell(PDLC) were observed in vitro with MTT [3-(4,5dimethylthiazo;-2-yl)-2,5-diphenytetralium bromide] method. Results: On the 2nd,3rd,4th day after treated with nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite, the proliferate activity of the PDLC increases significantly, compared with those with dense hydroxyaoatite and control but no significant difference could be found between the dense hydroxyapatite and the control. Conclusion: Nanophase hydroxyapatite can promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.

EFFECT OF GRID BIAS ON DEPOSITION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS

A positive grid bias and a negative substrate bias voltages are applied to the self-made hot filament chemical vapor deposited （HFCVD） system. The high quality nanocrystalline diamond （NCD） film is successfully deposited by double bias voltage nucleation and grid bias voltage growth. The Micro-Raman XRD SEM and AFM are used to investigate the diamond grain size, microstructure, surface morphology, and nucleation density. Results show that the obtained NCD has grain size of about 20 nm. The effect of grid bias voltage on the nucleation and the diamond growth is studied. Experimental results and theoretical analysis show that the positive grid bias increases the plasma density near the hot filaments, enhances the diamond nucleation, keeps the nanometer size of the diamond grains, and improves the quality of diamond film.