我国金矿床的成矿规律及找矿标志

黄金一直是各国的关键资源之一,对于国家的发展有着至关重要的作用。目前我国在多个行业中都需要应用黄金资源,黄金价格的波动对于国际经济形势的发展也有着一定的影响。黄金的开采工作十分重要,金矿的开采有助于推动我国经济的发展,但是在现实金矿开采过程中受到多种因素的影响,开展工作较为艰难,为了有效进行金矿的开采,工作人员必须具备丰富的理论知识和实践经验,在开采过程中要了解金矿的成矿规律以及相应的黄金矿点标志,本文将对金矿床的成矿规律及相应的找矿标志进行简单的分析,结合实际情况进行讲解。

山东山城金矿Ⅰ号脉矿物找矿标型

Ⅰ号矿脉是山城金矿区中主要的工业矿体之一。黄铁矿和石英是主要的载金矿物 ,其标型特征是在矿脉空间上有规律的分布。矿体上部的黄铁矿以聚形晶为主 ,主要是八面体和立方体聚形晶以及立方体、八面体和五角十二面体聚形晶。黄铁矿的电物理性质 ,vnp>|- 17|,α >|- 12 0 |。石英相对吸光度D1、D2 、D2 /D3 、D3 /D1、D2 + 3 /D1相对较大。矿体下部的黄铁矿晶体形态主要是立方体单晶和立方体与八面体聚形晶 ,vnp<|- 17|,α <|- 12 0 |,D1、D2 、D2 /D3 、D3 /D1、D2 + 3 /D1相对较小。依据矿物标型展布规律 ,结合矿脉金含量的分布、载金矿物黄铁矿的晶体形态和热电性 ,以及石英相对吸光度的空间展布特征 ,建立了矿物学找矿模型 。

分矿对标评价方法在大庆油田中的应用

产量预测是油田生产过程中的重要管理手段。经过多年开采,大庆油田厂矿多、部分指标计算难度大、管理操作不便等问题带来的弊端越来越严重,现有评价体系不能客观反映油田开发水平。针对这一问题提出可行性改进方案,主要思路是:第一步合理细化区块;第二步采取简单易用的结果类指标;第三步应用详细全面的区块分类评价技术开展问题分析。进一步发挥采油矿的产量第一主体作用开展对标评价,充分暴露开发、生产中存在的问题。

Study and application of Toxicity Test Method Using Neomysis awatschensis in Toxicity Evaluation of Drilling Fluid

Neomysis awatschensis was collected on the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao in 1992 and acclimated in the laboratory conditions. The acute toxicity method using 4~ 6 day juvenile mysid of this species is studied. The species is compared with M. bahia in taxonomy, geographic distribution, morphology, as well as the sensitivity to reference toxins. Based on the results, we recommend N. awatschensis to be a standard marine organism for toxicity test in China and the method to be applied in toxicity evaluation of drilling fluids. In this paper, we report the results of the above studies and the application of the method in the evaluation of several drilling fluid products.

High precision slope deformation monitoring model based on the GPS/Pseudolites technology in open-pit mine

As the number and geometric intensity of visual satellites are susceptible to large slopes in open-pit mines, we propose integration of GPS/Pseudolites (PLs) positioning technology which can increase the number of visible satellites, strengthen the geometric intensity of satellites and provide a precision solution for slope deformation monitoring. However, the un-modeled systematic errors are still the main limiting factors for high precision baseline solution. In order to eliminate the un-modeled systematic error, the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) theory is employed. The multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction architecture are defined here on the basis of the EMD theory and the systematic error mitigation model is demonstrated as well. A standard of the scale selection for the systematic error elimination is given in terms of the mean of the accumulated standardized modes. Thereafter, the scheme of the GPS/PLs baseline solution based on the EMD is suggested. The simulation and experiment results show that the precision factors (DOP) are reduced greatly when PLs is located suitably. The proposed scheme dramatically improves the reliability of ambiguity resolution and the precision of baseline vector after systematic error being eliminated, and provides an effective model for high precision slope deformation monitoring in open-pit mine.

The study of metal cycles in China

A model of Fe-flow in the life cycle of steel product was put forward and analyzed. Three important resource and environmental indicators for Fe-flow analysis,that is,steel scrap index,iron ore index and iron loss index were derived from this model. Illustrative examples,demonstrating the influence of the variation of steel output on steel scrap index and iron ore index were given. Case studies for estimating the values of steel scrap index of Japan,China and USA in the period of 1988-1997 were carried out. It was clarified that the main reason of severe deficiency in steel scraps for China's steel industry was its continued rapid growth. The study of iron,copper,zinc and lead cycle in China was carried out successfully according to this model.

SURFACE MINE PLANNING OPTIMIZATION BY GOAL PROGRAMMING

This paper introduced an approach to surface mine planning optimization-Goal Programming.The multiobjective[0-1] model has been built and the software has been developed.The method has been applied to a huge surface coal mine,the result of which shows that it is effective and feasible.

Research and development on cutting scale machine in the coal mine shaft

The deposit scale in the coal mine shaft usually causes serious accidents, such as making rope broken, cage seized or dropped. To solve this kind of problems, the re-search of the cutting scale mechanism was made, and a new type of removal scale equipment was made with using imported hard alloy material. The cutting experiment and actual cutting show that it can adapt to abominable condition in the shaft, such as narrow space, wet and excessive shaft crevice water and so on, and can work safely and reliably, and has high cutting scale efficiency. It can also cut out the deposit scale in the circular section of shaft.

THE THEORY AND METHOD OF OPTIMUM PLANNING OF A MINING AREA

Being aimed at the vital decisive problems to be solved during.making long-term planning and overall planning of the development of coal mining areas of China, this paper presents comprehensive theories and methods for the choice of mining area optimum planning schemes by use of combining technic analysis with system simulation and system optimization.The main contents are as follows: the prediction of technic and economic indexes in the developing process of existing mining areas and new mining area, including computer simulation analysis of maximum possibility of output growth in a working mine, the effect of technic progress on productive development, and grey predictive model of the change of technic and economic indexes; the dynamic simulation model of the mining area system, including five subsystem models; mining area output, investment, economic benefit, number of workers and staff of a mining area, mining area population, and ecologic environmental dynamic change under different schemes;the 0--1 programming, the goal programming and the analytic hierarchy process for contrast analysis optimization of mining area planning schemes.

Design and Realization of Metadata Standard for Informationized Construction of the Auxiliary Shaft in Longgu Mine

Based on the analysis of status quo of metadata technology and the informationized freezing construction of an auxiliary shaft in Longgu mine, the necessity and feasibility of applying metadata standards for informationized construction is discussed. The prototype of metadata standard for the construction is designed and established by using a modeling method, and the framework with XML/RDF for such standard is given.

Discipline progress of mineral mapping of gold deposit in China

Sanjiang and Jiaodong areas are the important gold regions in China.The gold mineralization is correlated with the Mesozoic faults and its derivative faults in the granite or the contact zone between granite and base rock.The mineral mapping is one of the important approaches of prospecting mineralogy.The temporal and spatial band distribution of mineral,mineral combination and mineral typomorphism features are natural regularity rules,but this kind of band feature is sometimes hidden and thus in need of mineral typomorphism research and mapping to disclose this band feature and to serve for the prospecting of mineral.The changes of the mineral typomorphism feature are often embodied in the"through"mineral,the typomorphism features of the through mineral change like the gradient toward the ore body,and the changes of the features are most obvious and strongest toward the orebodies.The new American mineralogy mapping indicates the weak change of the mineral composition or structure will lead to the change of the shape and wave length position of the specific absorbent feature.Australian experiment lab investigation has held the reason of a series of mineral.The progress achievement of the remote sensing and computer analysis technology now permits a direct comparison directly between the lab and remote sensing data,so the good feature database of the experiment light spectroscopy can serve for drawing of the spacial distribution and remote sensing material.Mineralogy mapping raised the extensive emphasis in the international earth arena.

A method for detecting miners based on helmets detection in underground coal mine videos

In order to monitor dangerous areas in coal mines automatically,we propose to detect helmets from underground coal mine videos for detecting miners.This method can overcome the impact of similarity between the targets and their background.We constructed standard images of helmets,extracted four directional features,modeled the distribution of these features using a Gaussian function and separated local images of frames into helmet and non-helmet classes.Out experimental results show that this method can detect helmets effectively.The detection rate was 83.7%.

PLC在大宝山入炉标矿生产线上的应用

文章对大宝山入炉标矿生产线PLC控制系统进行分析，着重介绍标矿生产过程中应用一台FX2N-80MR-001可编程序控制器，对入炉标矿生产线进行生产控制、设备故障诊断及连锁保护等。

Treatment of mine drainage generated by lead-zinc concentration plant

The purification efficiency in the treatment of the mine drainage generated by the mineral processing industry in Mengzi,Yunnan Project, China, was investigated, and the influences of the treated drainage on the mineral electrodes' electrochemical behaviors were tested. Experiments with different doses of polyacrylamide(PAM) and polymeric ferric sulfate(PFS) at different pH values were carried out, and the advanced purification by activated carbon(AC) was conducted. Compared with PFS, the better coagulant for removal efficiency is PAM, under the optimal conditions, the removals of Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and COD reduction from solution were 94.8%, 79.9%, 87.6% and 85%, respectively. In the advanced purification, the particle size of activated carbon and agitation time played important roles in the removal efficiency. Each pollute concentration could meet the emission standard of pollutants for lead and zinc industry(GB25466—2010). The wastewater without treatment affected galena and sphalerite electrochemical behaviors greatly, after treatment by the technology, the effects disappeared, which proved the reliability of the technology for wastewater treatment.

Impact of Deficient Nutrition on Health Condition of Persons with Dementia

Dementia is a loss of mental ability （ability to think, remember and make logical conclusions） which, in principle affects normal everyday life of a person. Dementia is not a disease but a group of symptoms that may cause different diseases. Symptoms include change of behaviour, character and unexpected changes in the mood. Poor quality of nutrition affects significantly the intensity of dementia. Balanced diet that meets healthy safety standards and requirements will satisfy the needs of an organism for vitamins and minerals and special attention should be given to intake of folic acid, vitamin B12 and minerals zinc and selenium. Intake of omega3 fatty acids is a source of fuel for blood vessels, particularly for the ones of the nervous tissues.

Risk reduction in Sechahun iron ore deposit by geological boundary modification using multiple indicator Kriging

Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone(w(Fe)>45%)and poor iron zone(20%<w(Fe)<45%).It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body(poor plus rich)from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.

Contamination of Water for Domestic Use and Human Consumption by Heavy Metals Derived from Mining Activity in Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico

Research was done with the objective of evaluating the quality of water supplied to the potable water system in Hidalgo Del Parral, which comes from two main supply sources： wells from ＂Valle del Verano＂, which provide water to the east side of the city, and the Water Treatment Plant, which receives water from different mines and supplies the west side of the city. When this plant is overcome on its capacity of treatment, a part of the water from the mines is fed directly to the northwest part of the city. The metals lead （Pb）, chromium （Cr）, cadmium （Cd）, zinc （Zn）, and arsenic （As） were analyzed by atomic absorption （AA） technique, based on the United States Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） Method 7000B （Revision 2, February 2007）. The digestion process was done according to the guidelines established in Method NMX-AA-051-SCFI-2001, Analysis of Water-Determination of Metals by Atomic Absorption, developed by the National Standardization Technical Committee for Environmental Protection （Mexico）. The samples were collected from the following points： 13 wells and 2 re-pumping stations of ＂Valle del Verano＂, the inlet and outlet of the Water Treatment Plant, and domestic faucets. The east side of the city, supplied by the wells of ＂Valle del Verano＂, is metal-pollution free. The water that comes from the mines contains high concentrations of As, Zn, Cd and Pb, with levels that can get to 0.12, 32.6, 0.26 and 3.5 mg/L, respectively. This water pollution generated by mining can be concluded from the high levels found in the domestic samples in which, for several points, the concentrations exceed the parameters set by the current guideline. According to the results, it is vital to set a plan of remediation for the water that comes from the mines, because there is a great risk for health in the consumotion of this water.

新区分公司降本增效生产实践

昆钢新区分公司于2012年6月26日2500m3高炉点火投产以来，不但实现了全新钢铁联合企业7天就将铁、钢、材整条生产工艺线打通，其中铁前系统以经济用矿为突破口，不断降低铁水成本。钢后系统以理顺生产工艺线为突破口，不断降低加工成本，最终实现了降本增效的目的。

Study on environmental impact of coal mining subsided water area in Huainan mining area

The subsided water areas with different times of subsidence are chosen to monitor the physicochemical indexes and heavy metal elements. The results indicate that subsided water areas are polluted in different degree. Some physicochemical indexes of subsided water areas are increased with the development of the subsidence and are changed with the changing of the season. The concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, Zn of subsided water areas is less than national fishery, and surface water quality standards of China , except Hg. And the quality of subsided water hasn＇t been polluted by heavy metal seriously. Analyzing and appraising the quality of the subsided water can give a reasonable data as basis in using the subsided water resource.

Geological and geochemical indicators and prediction of deep-seated ore bodies in Jiudian gold deposit of Pingdu,Shandong Province

Based on the geology and geochemistry of gold-bearing quartz veins in the Jiudian gold deposit of Pingdu,Shandong Province,the geological and geochemical indicators of occurrence of deep-seated ore bodies in the Jiudian gold deposit have been summarized.Extent occurrence of wide,intensive,varied alteration zones around the gold-bearing quartz veins and continual presence of diorite porphyrite and lamprophyry indicate the probable occurrence of deep-seated ore bodies at depth of gold lodes.As,Sb and Hg belong to the head halo elements, and their anomalies could reveal the probable occurrence of the deep-seated ore bodies below.