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基于UDEC-GBM的矿物晶粒解理特征对硬岩石破坏过程的影响
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作者 胡小川 丁学正 +1 位作者 苏国韶 廖满平 《工程科学学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2022年第7期1160-1170,共11页
基于块体离散单元数值模拟方法(UDEC-GBM),以钾长石矿物颗粒为例,详细研究了矿物晶粒解理倾角、解理倾角围压效应及解理间距对硬质岩石力学性质、微观开裂过程及机理的影响,并探讨了解理特征在工程实际中可能带来的影响.数值研究结果表... 基于块体离散单元数值模拟方法(UDEC-GBM),以钾长石矿物颗粒为例,详细研究了矿物晶粒解理倾角、解理倾角围压效应及解理间距对硬质岩石力学性质、微观开裂过程及机理的影响,并探讨了解理特征在工程实际中可能带来的影响.数值研究结果表明:(1)晶粒解理具有明显倾角效应,当解理倾角由0°增加到90°时,岩石的弹性模量、单轴压缩强度及峰后脆延特征都会发生变化,穿晶总裂纹数受影响明显,主要体现在钾长石张拉穿晶裂纹显著增加,钾长石剪切裂纹数量在60°增加到最大值后减少,石英穿晶张拉裂纹数量也有明显变化,总体而言不断增加,而沿晶裂纹数量呈减少趋势,整个开裂过程仍以张拉沿晶主导;(2)晶粒解理倾角效应受围压影响,围压会导致沿晶裂纹和穿晶裂纹数量和二者比值发生变化,但不同倾角下围压对沿晶裂纹和穿晶裂纹数量和比值变化影响不一样;(3)当解理间距由2 mm增加到4 mm时,穿晶裂纹数量有增加趋势,而沿晶裂纹数量减少,总剪切和张拉裂纹数量比值不变,对岩石微观张拉、剪切破坏机制无明显影响.此外,具有解理结构的矿物晶粒含量较高且矿物晶粒本身性质对岩石性质及响应影响显著时,解理特征对板裂、岩爆等破坏的影响应给予重视. 展开更多
关键词 岩石力学 矿物晶粒 解理特征 数值模拟 离散单元法
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长江口南岸边滩沉积物重金属污染记录的磁诊断方法 被引量:66
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作者 张卫国 俞立中 S.M.Hutchinson 《海洋与湖沼》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2000年第6期616-623,共8页
根据长江口南岸边滩南区排污口附近采集的柱样的磁性测量和重金属含量分析 ,探讨了磁性测量方法在沉积物重金属污染记录信息提取方面的应用价值。结果表明 ,磁性参数χARM、χfd% 、χARM/χ和 χARM/SIRM与重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr具有极... 根据长江口南岸边滩南区排污口附近采集的柱样的磁性测量和重金属含量分析 ,探讨了磁性测量方法在沉积物重金属污染记录信息提取方面的应用价值。结果表明 ,磁性参数χARM、χfd% 、χARM/χ和 χARM/SIRM与重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr具有极为相似的垂向变化特征 ,反映了细晶粒亚铁磁性矿物对重金属的吸附作用 ,以及沉积物粒度组成对重金属含量的影响。根据上述相关性 ,建立了利用磁性参数推断重金属含量的线性回归模型。不同柱样基于磁性参数 χARM的层位对比表明 ,不同部位沉积物中的重金属记录可以对比 ,但其含量却存在较大的差异 ,反映了重金属空间分布的复杂性。本项研究表明 ,作为一种辅助手段 ,磁性测量可以在高分辨率的重金属污染研究中发挥重要作用。 展开更多
关键词 磁性测量 重金属 晶粒亚铁磁性矿物 层位对比
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Electrical properties of fly ash and its decarbonization by electrostatic separation 被引量:10
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作者 Tao Youjun Ding Qingqing +3 位作者 Deng Mingrui Tao Dongping Wang Xu Zhang Jie 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2015年第4期629-633,共5页
The basic principle of fly ash triboelectrification is analysed. The mineral electrical index and test method are introduced. The electric difference of different mineral composition of fly ash is discussed by analysi... The basic principle of fly ash triboelectrification is analysed. The mineral electrical index and test method are introduced. The electric difference of different mineral composition of fly ash is discussed by analysis of chemical and mineral composition of fly ash in Xinwen power plant. The dielectric constant and charge-mass ratio of carbon and ash of fly ash are tested. Combined with the experimental study on rotary triboelectrostatic separation, the charged characteristic of fly ash particles with different size is gained. The results show that the dielectric constant of fly ash with different grain size decreased with the decrease of particle size, which lead to the poor electrical conductivity, Thus it can be seen that par- ticle size plays a leading role in conductivity, The charge of carbon and ash with each size increased with the decreased of particle size; and the charge-mass ratio between carbon and ash with the same size lar- ger with the decrease of size, which indicated that the finer particle size, the more favorable for triboelec- trification separation. In the same conditions, the best decarburization effect is realized when the particle size ranges from 0.038 to 0.074 ram, whose decarbonization rate and efficiency index reached 38.93% and 120.83% respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Fly ash Rotary triboelectrostatic separation Electrical property Decarbonization emciency
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在温度周期变化下Al_2O_3/CaO渣对高铝耐火材料的腐蚀
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作者 孙作书 张燕 《耐火与石灰》 2007年第4期43-48,共6页
用Al2O3-CaO模拟渣和坩埚的方法对高铝耐火材料进行了实验室腐蚀试验。在此期间,以腐蚀渣可更换和坩埚温度周期变化为试验背景,对钢包耐火材料的工作负荷进行了模拟。用坩埚的事后分析对实验所用每种耐火材料的抗腐蚀性排列出一个代表... 用Al2O3-CaO模拟渣和坩埚的方法对高铝耐火材料进行了实验室腐蚀试验。在此期间,以腐蚀渣可更换和坩埚温度周期变化为试验背景,对钢包耐火材料的工作负荷进行了模拟。用坩埚的事后分析对实验所用每种耐火材料的抗腐蚀性排列出一个代表性等级。通过对扫描电子显微镜所得到的显微结构和化学资料进行分析,对腐蚀机理有了一个很好的理解。Al2O3-CaO渣的腐蚀产生渗透区,接着是沉淀区,新的单矿物层在这里连续形成,可以通过在高温下液相成分的梯度来解释这些连续层的形成。 展开更多
关键词 高铝耐火材料 钢包 腐蚀试验 红柱石 铝矾土 矿物晶粒间液相 液体粘度
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Transmission electron microscopic study of the fine-grained vein matrix in the Suizhou L6 meteorite
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作者 Xie Xiande Wang Jianbo +2 位作者 Gu Xiangping Xiong Yi Jia Shuangfeng 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2016年第2期105-110,共6页
The mineralogy of shock vein matrix in the Suizhou meteorite has been investigated by optical and transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that the vein matrix is composed of majorite-pyrope garnet, mag- aesi... The mineralogy of shock vein matrix in the Suizhou meteorite has been investigated by optical and transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that the vein matrix is composed of majorite-pyrope garnet, mag- aesiowtistite, and ringwoodite, with FeNi-FeS inter- growths. The observation and character of ring-like selected electron diffraction (SAED) patterns indicate that Lhe idiomorphic garnet crystals in the vein matrix have different orientations. The polycrystalline nature of magnesiowtistite is also confirmed by a ring-like SAED pattern. Both garnet and magnesiowtistite crystals showed sharp Jiffraction spots, signifying the good crystallinity of these :wo minerals. The SAED pattern of cryptocrystalline 5ngwoodite shows only diffuse concentric diffraction tings. FeNi metal and troilite (FeS), which were molten during the shock event, occur in the matrix as fine eutectic FeNi-FeS intergrowths filling the interstices between garaet and magnesiowiistite grains. Based on the phase dia- gram of the Allende chondrite and the results of this TEM study, it is inferred that majorite-pyrope garnet first crystallized from the Suizhou chondritic melt at 22-26 GPa, Followed by crystallization of magnesiowtistite at 20-24 GPa, and then ringwoodite at 18-20 GPa. The eutectic intergrowths of FeNi-metal and troilite are proposed to have crystallized during meteorite cooling and solidified at the last stage of vein formation. 展开更多
关键词 Suizhou meteorite Shock vein matrix. High-pressure minerals Transmission electron microscopy
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Olivine versus peridotite during serpentinization:Gas formation 被引量:5
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作者 HUANG RuiFang SUN WeiDong +2 位作者 DING Xing LIU JinZhong PENG ShaoBang 《Science China Earth Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第12期2165-2174,共10页
The dependence of starting materials and their initial grain sizes on the formation of gases (H2, CH4, C2H6 and C3Hs) during serpentinization was investigated by conducting hydrothermal experiments at 311℃ and 3 kb... The dependence of starting materials and their initial grain sizes on the formation of gases (H2, CH4, C2H6 and C3Hs) during serpentinization was investigated by conducting hydrothermal experiments at 311℃ and 3 kbar on olivine and peridotite with initial grain sizes ranging from 〈30 to 177 μm. Hydrocarbons (CH4, C2H6 and C3H8) were produced from reaction between dissolved CO2 in the starting fluids and HE formed during serpentinization, which were analyzed by Gas Chromatography. It was found that olivine serpentinization produced much less H2 and CH4 compared with those after peridotite alteration, while their C2H6 and C3H8 were identical. For example, for olivine with initial grain sizes of 〈30 μm, the amounts of HE and CH4 were 79.6 mmol/kg and 460 μmol/kg after 27 days, respectively. By contrast, the quantities of H2 and CH4 produced in experiment on peridotite with the same run duration were much larger, 119 mmol/kg and 1300 μmol/kg, respectively. This indicates that spinel and pyroxene in peridotite may increase the amounts of HE and hydrocarbons, possibly due to the catalytic effect of aluminum released by spinel and pyroxene during serpentinization. Moreover, the production of H2 and hydrocarbons is negatively correlated with initial grain sizes of the starting material, with smaller amounts of HE and hydrocarbons for larger initial grain sizes, indicating that the kinetics of serpentinization influences the formation of HE and hydrocarbons, possibly because of the lack of catalytic minerals for the starting material with larger grain sizes. This study suggests that olivine cannot completely represent peridotite during serpentinization, and that H2 and hydrocarbons in hydrothermal fields near the mid-ocean ridge may be produced in a very long period of serpentinization or the presence of catalytic minerals due to large grain sizes of ultramafic rocks. 展开更多
关键词 serpentinization hydrogen gas hydrocarbon olivine peridotite
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