不同类型粘土矿物对镉吸附与解吸行为的研究

[目的]揭示镉在土壤环境中的化学行为。[方法]采用批量吸附试验研究了4种不同类型的粘土矿物:蒙脱石、高岭石、针铁矿、三水铝石对镉的吸附与解吸特性,同时探讨了矿物用量及pH对镉吸附的影响。[结果]与Freundlich方程相比,Langmuir方程(R2>0.98)能较好的表征4种矿物对镉的吸附行为,说明矿物对镉的吸附是单层吸附。4种矿物对镉的最大吸附量大小为:蒙脱石(32.62mg·g-1)>针铁矿(11.52mg·g-1)>高岭石(7.99mg·g-1)>三水铝石(6.29mg·g-1)。4种矿物对镉的解吸率范围分别为:蒙脱石(19.99%~32.77%)、高岭石(13.48%~19.09%)、针铁矿(2.02%~3.48%)、三水铝石(1.09%~2.43%)。随pH升高蒙脱石、高岭石、针铁矿对镉的吸附量均呈增长趋势,而三水铝石基本保持不变。矿物用量在10.0g·L-1时,针铁矿对镉的吸附率达72.8%,与蒙脱石相近(79.1%)。[结论]针铁矿吸附率较高,而解吸率低,是一种较好的吸附剂。

Effect of Se-S Cooperated Application on the Mineral Content and Nutrition Quality of Garlic （Allium Sativum L.）

Eleven nutrition elements and 5 quality elements of garlic （Allium sativum L.） in different Se, S level and their interaction pot experiments were analyzed by atom absorbing spectrophotometer, titration and fixing sulfur method. The mineral elements were analyzed by the Principal Component Analysis and the Factor Analysis on the SPSS 10.0 and three main factors were picked. The results showed that Se, S and Se-S cooperated application enhanced the garlic nutrition quality by increasing mineral nutrition. The garlic Vc was the highest after using higher Se compared middle S level （S 20 mg/kg soil ＋ Se 40 mg/kg soil）. Lower Se level compared middle S level （S 40 mg/kg soil ＋ Se 20 mg/kg soil） get the highest garlic abio-Se in all treatments. The garlic organic Se content was the highest after using higher Se compared middle S （S 40 mg/kg soil ＋ Se 40 mg/kg soil）. The treatment lower S compared lower Se level get the highest garlic allicin in all treatment. It showed that the fresh eating factor was affected by the element Se. The flavor factor and health care factor were affected by both Se and S.

Effects of Humic Acid and Bread Yeast on Growth and Yield of Eggplant （Solanum melongena L.）

This study was carried out at the vegetable research field, College of Agriculture, University of Duhok, during the growing season of 2009 using the eggplant local cultivar. And a factorial Randomized complete block design （F-RCBD）. The experiment consisted of two factors, the first was inoculations with and without humic acid, and the second factor was three levels of dry bread yeast （0.5, 10 gm/L）. The results revealed that the growth was significantly increased in term of plant height, branches number%, total chlorophyll and mineral content in leaves （N.P.K） and the yield in term of fruit number/plant, fruit weight （gm）, plant yield （gm/plant）, total yield （ton/hectare）, fruit length and fruit diameter. The interaction between humic acid and bread yeast was highly improved the growth and yield traits.

Zeolite diagenesis and its control on petroleum reservoir quality of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin,China

Recently, silicate diagenesis has been the focus of many studies because of its impact on porosity and permeability in sedimentary rocks. In the process of diagenetic evolution, the crystallization, cementation, and corrosion of zeolite （as a diagenetic mineral） have different effects on properties of Permian reservoirs in the study area. In the Permian sediments in the no,inwestern margin of the Junggar Basin, Zeolite minerals have formed during diagenesis in an open hydrologic system, related to the hydration of abundant volcanic glass. Chemical property of groundwater, pH of pore water, cation property and ratios have directly influenced the transformation among various zeolites and the dissolution of zeolite mineral. The main species of zeolite include analcime, heulandite, and laumontite. Transformations of these minerals during diagenesis are： volcanic glass→ clinoptilolite→analcime→heulandite→laumontite. Corrosion of analcime obviously improved reservoir quality. Extensive heulandite cementation developed and intensively reduced reservoir pore spaces. Early zeolite cementation protected pore structure against compaction and provided substance for late dissolution. The dissolution of analcime was closely related with the organic acid recharged by hydrocarbon source rocks and the NaHCO3 type formation water in the Permian, and was sensitive to permeability of rocks. Within the CaCl2 type formation water, heulandite and laumontite were hardly dissolved. In the study area, the belt with dissolved analcime is the area for the development of secondary pores and favorable reservoirs.

The quantitative evaluation of application of hyperspectral data based on multi-parameters joint optimization

In order to evaluate the mineral identification of the hyperspectral data and make a trade-off of the imaging system parameters,a quantitative evaluation approach based on the multi-parameters joint optimization is proposed for the hyperspectral remote sensing.In the proposed approach,the mineral identification is defined as the number of the minerals identified and the key imaging parameters employed include ground sample distance(GSD)and spectral resolution(SR).Certain limitations are found among parameters that are used for analyzing the imaging processes.The constraints include the industrial manufacturing level,application requirements and the quantitative relationship among the GSD,the SR and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).Regression analysis is used to investigate the quantitative relationship between the mineral identification and the key imaging system parameters.Then,an optimization model for the trade-off study is established by combining the regression equation with the constraints.The airborne hyperspectral image collected by Hymap is applied to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.The experimental results reveal that the approach can achieve the evaluation of the mineral identification and the trade-off of key imaging system parameters.The error of the prediction is within one kind of mineral.