铸造紫铜及铜合金的湿砂型模表面涂料的研究

采用“罗90—1”表面处理涂料的结果表明:操作方便,导热性好,高温不氧化,透气性强,结合不易剥落,表面光洁,保温及润滑性好,能保证金属液应有的流动速度,不需专用工具清砂。基本上解决了原紫铜及铜合金铸件表面或表层质量差的问题,从而使铜铸件表面或表层质量在原75％的基础上再提高20％。

空心立铣刀在无模铸造砂型加工中的排砂工艺

为应用新型空心立铣刀解决无模铸造砂型切削加工过程中的排屑问题,实现无模砂型的高效加工,对空心立铣刀的气动排砂工艺进行了研究。基于气力输送原理,得到气动排砂临界风速为3.3 m/s。仿真表明,在空心立铣刀加工砂型时,在型腔内部,气体平均压力从底部到顶部逐渐增大,气体流速逐渐减小;型腔出口平均风速大于排砂临界风速时,就能将砂屑及时排除。仿真、实验和应用表明,可以根据砂型加工深度对空心立铣刀的供给气体压力进行调节,既能保证排砂效果,又能避免气体资源浪费。

无模精密砂型快速铸造技术应用研究

无模精密砂型快速铸造是由精密砂型铸造工艺与快速成形技术相结合形成的新技术,具有低成本、制造周期短以及砂芯与砂型一体化等特点,能够制造出任意复杂形状的铸件,尤其适合制造小批量生产、复杂铸件的单件和新产品的试制等,其制备的砂型具有高精度和高质量的优点。综述了基于离散堆积原理的无模精密砂型铸造技术以及数控加工原理的无模精密砂型快速铸造技术。

复杂陶瓷卫生洁具新产品开发的数字化方法——无模砂型快速制造

本文介绍了应用无模砂型快速制造技术开发复杂陶瓷卫生洁具新产品的方法,该技术具有生产周期短、效率高、成本低等特点,为复杂陶瓷卫生洁具的产品开发提供了一个崭新的方向。

MC尼龙砂型铸造工艺研究

介绍了适用于形状复杂、中空MC尼龙制品的浇注工艺过程,并重点研究了砂型模制作、浇注工艺,以及影响制品性能的主要因素。

Effect of gas saturation on P-wave velocity in tight sandstone

By measuring the variation of the P-and S-wave velocities of tight sandstone samples under water saturation,it was confirmed that with the decrease in water saturation,the P-wave velocity first decreased and then increased.The variation in velocity was influenced by the sandstone’s porosity.The commonly used Gassmann equation based on fluid substitution theory was studied.Comparing the calculated results with the measured data,it was found that the Gassmann equation agreed well with the measured data at high water saturation,but it could not explain the bending phenomenon of P-wave velocity at low saturation.This indicated that these equations could not accurately describe the relationship between fluid content and rock acoustic velocity.The reasons for this phenomenon were discussed through Taylor’s expansion.The coefficients of the fitting formula were calculated and verified by fitting the measured acoustic velocity changes of the cores.The relationship between P-wave velocity and saturation was discussed,which provides experimental support for calculating saturation using seismic and acoustic logging data.

无模精密砂型快速铸造技术研究进展

无模精密砂型快速铸造技术具有制造周期短、成本低、砂型/砂芯一体化制造及制造任意形状复杂铸件等特点。采用该方法制备的砂型(芯)尺寸精度高、表面质量好,可实现复杂铸件的整体近净成形。特别适合于复杂铸件的单件、小批量生产及新产品的试制。综述了基于激光烧结、三维打印、数控加工原理的无模精密砂型快速铸造技术的工艺特点、适用范围,并指出了各自存在的问题及其发展前景。

Analyzing the mid-low porosity sandstone dry frame in central Sichuan based on effective medium theory

Tight gas sandstone reservoirs in Guang＇an are characterized by wide distribution and low abundance. Sandstone samples from this area usually have low porosity and poor connectivity. We analyze the observed velocity data of tight sandstone samples with the Mori- Tanaka model, and give the sandstone framework physical model in this area based on theory and experiment analysis. The matrix modulus was obtained by an empirical relationship and then the experiment data were compared with the values predicted by the Mori-Tanaka model with different pore shapes. The results revealed that the experiment data were close to the model with low pore aspect ratio. Considering the matrix modulus and pore shape variation, we find that, under the condition of small mineral composition change, the effective pore aspect ratio of these samples increased with porosity evidently.

Surfel-based surface modeling for robotic belt grinding simulation

The new flee-form surface modelling technology for robotic belt grinding simulation presented in this paper is based on discrete surfel elements generated from the surface approximation point set and can facilitate the simulation implementation. A local process model exploits the advantage of surfel representation to compute the material removal rate and the final surface grinding error can be easily carried out. With the help of this system, robot programmers can improve the path planning and predict potential problems by visualizing the manufacturing process.

Elasto-plastic constitutive modeling for granular materials

Based on the modified plastic strain energy approach, an elasto-plastic constitutive modeling for sand was proposed. The hardening function between the modified plastic strain energy and a stress parameter was presented, which was independent of stress history and stress paths. The proposed model was related to an isotropically work-hardening and softening, non-associated and elasto-plastic material description. It is shown that the constitutive modeling, the inherent and stress system-induced cross-anisotropic elasticity is also considered. The constitutive model is capable of simulating the effects on the deformation characteristics of stress history and stress path, pressure level and anisotropic strength.

球铁液压件无冒口铸造工艺

对球铁液压件采用无冒口铸造工艺，有效地消除了缩孔、缩松等缺陷，工艺出品率提高了１５％以上。

高36.88m观音铜像的铸造

巨型观音铜像采用熔模石膏型与蜡模湿砂型分铸，然后拼焊成型。实践证明：该法铸造成本较低、操作简单，且铸件壁厚均匀、变形量小、铸造缺陷较少。

Brittleness index and seismic rock physics model for anisotropic tight-oil sandstone reservoirs

Brittleness analysis becomes important when looking for sweet spots in tightoil sandstone reservoirs. Hence, appropriate indices are required as accurate brittleness evaluation criteria. We construct a seismic rock physics model for tight-oil sandstone reservoirs with vertical fractures. Because of the complexities in lithology and pore structure and the anisotropic characteristics of tight-oil sandstone reservoirs, the proposed model is based on the solid components, pore connectivity, pore type, and fractures to better describe the sandstone reservoir microstructure. Using the model, we analyze the brittleness sensitivity of the elastic parameters in an anisotropic medium and establish a new brittleness index. We show the applicability of the proposed brittleness index for tight-oil sandstone reservoirs by considering the brittleness sensitivity, the rock physics response characteristics, and cross-plots. Compared with conventional brittleness indexes, the new brittleness index has high brittleness sensitivity and it is the highest in oil-bearing brittle zones with relatively high porosity. The results also suggest that the new brittleness index is much more sensitive to elastic properties variations, and thus can presumably better predict the brittleness characteristics of sweet spots in tight-oil sandstone reservoirs.

Applications of GSTARS Computer Models for Solving River and Reservoir Sedimentation Problems

GSTARS (Generalized Sediment Transport model for Alluvial River Simulation) is a series of computer models developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation while the author was employed by that agency. The stream tube concept is used in all GSTARS models which allow us to solve one-dimensional equations for each stream tube independently and obtain semi-two-dimensional variation of the hydraulic conditions along and across stream tubes for rivers and reservoirs. Sedi-ment transport, scour, and deposition processes are simulated along each stream tube independently to give us a semi-three-dimensional variation of the bed geometry. Most sediment transport computer models assume that channel width is given and cannot change during the simulation process. GSTARS models apply the theory of minimum stream power to the determination of optimum channel width and channel geometry. The concepts of channel side stability, and active, inactive, and armoring layers are used in all GSTARS models for realistic long-term simulation and prediction of the scour and deposition processes in rivers and reservoirs.GSTARS models have been applied in many countries for solving a wide range of river and reservoir sedimentation problems. Case studies will be used to illustrate the applications of GSTARS computer models.

Modeling on Flash Flood Disaster Induced by Bed Load

Flash floods result from a complex interaction among hydro-meteorological, hydrological, and hydraulic processes across various spatial and temporal scales. Sichuan Province suffers flash floods frequently owing to mountain weather and topography. A flash flood and gravel bed load transport are two key relative problems in mountain river engineering. Bed materials are often encountered in alternate scouring and deposition in mountain fluvial processes during a flash flood. In this circumstance, CRS-1 bed load numerical model jointly with scale physical model is employed to predict water level and gravel bed scour and deposition for design of flood control dykes and flash flood disaster mitigation. A case study on the mechanism of a flash flood disaster induced by bed load transport for a hydropower station in Sichuan Province is conducted. Finally, suggestions to protect the hydropower station are proposed.

Determination of microscopic waterflooding characteristics and influence factors in ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir

Actual sandstone micromodel was used in this work to conduct the microscopic waterflooding experiment of ultra-low sandstone reservoir,since the inside seepage characteristics of microscopic waterflooding process of Chang 8 ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir of Upper Triassic Yanchang formation in Huaqing region of the Ordos Basin,China is difficult to observe directly.Combined with physical property,casting thin sections,constant-rate mercury injection capillary pressure and nuclear magnetic resonance,the influence of reservoir property on the waterflooding characteristics in pores were analyzed and evaluated.Seepage paths of waterflooding characteristics were divided into four types:homogeneous seepage,reticular-homogeneous seepage,finger-reticular seepage and finger-like seepage,the waterflooding efficiency of which decreases in turn.More than 70%of residual oil occurs as flowing-around seepage and oil film.Physical property,pore structure and movable fluid characteristics are all controlled by digenesis and their impacts on waterflooding efficiency are in accordance.Generally,the pore throat radius size and distribution and movable fluid percentage are closely related to waterflooding law.

Effect of specimen size on energy dissipation characteristics of red sandstone under high strain rate

In this experiment, red sandstone specimens, having slenderness ratios of 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 respectively, were subjected to blow tests using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB) system at a pressure of 0.4 atmospheres. In this paper, we have analyzed the effect of slenderness ratio on the mechanical properties and energy dissipation characteristics of red sandstone under high strain rates. The processes of compaction, elastic deformation and stress softening deformation of specimens contract with an increase in slenderness ratio, whilst the nonlinear deformation process extends correspondingly. In addition, degrees of damage of specimens reduced gradually and the type of destruction showed a transformation trend from stretching failure towards shear failure when the slenderness ratio increased. A model of dynamic damage evolution in red sandstone was established and the parameters of the constitutive model at different ratios of length to diameter were determined. By comparison with the experimental curve, the accuracy of the model, which could reflect the stress–strain dynamic characteristics of red sandstone, was verified. From the view of energy dissipation, an increase in slenderness ratio of a specimen decreased the proportion of energy dissipation and caused a gradual fall in the capability of energy dissipation during the specimen failure process. To some extent, the study indicated the effects of slenderness ratios on the mechanical properties and energy dissipation characteristics of red sandstone under the high strain rate, which provides valuable references to related engineering designs and academic researches.

Mathematical models for properties of mortars with admixtures and recycled fine aggregates from demolished concretes

In order to expand the engineering application of recycle aggregate mortars （RAM） with aggregates from demolished concretes, the models for the properties of RAM and the replacement rate of these recycled fine aggregates were proposed. First, different kinds of mathematical models for the basic properties （compressive strength, water retention rate, and consistency loss） of RAM with two kinds of admixtures, thickening powders （TP） and self-made powdery admixtures （SSCT） designed for RAM, and the replacement rates were established, while the average relative errors and relative standard errors of these models were calculated. Additionally, the models and their error analyses for the curves of drying shrinkage and curing time of RAM ＋ SSCT at different replacement rates were put forward. The results show that polynomial functions should be used to calculate the basic properties of RAM ＋ TP and RAM ＋ SSCT at different replacement rates. In addition, polynonfial functions are the most optimal models for the sharp shrinkage sections in the curves of drying shrinkage-curing time of RAM ＋ SSCT, while exponential functions should be used as the models for the slow shrinkage sections and steady shrinkage sections.

Theoretical Predictions of Migration Probabilities of Liquid- Liquid Hydrocyclones Separating Light Dispersions

Based on Bloor & Ingham's approach for determining the fluid fieldand on the analyses of loci of fluid particles inside hydrocyclones,analytical models are developed for calculating the migrationprobability of single-cone and two-cone hydrocyclones separatinglight dispersions. The calculated results are in good agreement withThew's correlation at different flow rate, split ratio or fluidproperties if the structural parameters keep the same as those ofThew's 35 mm hydrocyclone. The difference between predictionsaccording to two-cone model and single-cone model is nearlynegligible, which is very close to thew's original idea that majorseparation happens in the small cone-angle zone.