全组分再生砂粒度及掺量对干混砂浆性能影响研究

研究了胶砂比1∶5下全组分再生砂的粒度组成和取代率对干混砂浆性能的影响,试验使用不同粒度的全组分再生砂取代天然砂,取代率分别为25%、50%、75%、100%。研究了干混砂浆的表观密度,保水率,2 h稠度损失率及抗压强度。试验结果表明:随着再生砂细度模数的减小,砂浆用水量增加;试验所有配合比下相比用天然砂,再生砂干混砂浆均表现出用水量增加及强度下降的趋势,但<4.75、<2.36 mm的两种连续级配再生砂基本可满足干混砂浆规范要求。在用RS3、RS4再生砂取代天然砂时,用水量急剧增加伴随强度急剧下降,分析认为与再生砂中含有的大量再生微粉有关。

全组分再生砂制备湿拌抹灰砂浆的抗冻性研究

目的研究全组分再生砂制备再生湿拌抹灰砂浆的抗冻性能,解决低温环境下的应用问题。方法分别以全组分再生砂、机制砂作为细骨料;粉煤灰、再生砖粉作为矿物掺合料;以质量损失率(Δm_(m))、强度损失率(Δf_(m))为冻融损伤指标,分析了25次冻融循环后不同配合比湿拌抹灰砂浆的抗冻性能。结果砂浆稠度分别与Δm_(m)、Δf_(m)有良好的线性关系。骨料与掺合料种类不变时,再生湿拌抹灰砂浆试件的胶砂比越小,其冻融破坏越严重。相同细度的再生砖粉需水量比和烧失量比粉煤灰小,火山灰活性更优,对抗冻性能的提升效果优于粉煤灰。全组分再生砂与机制砂相比吸水率较高,胶砂比及掺合料种类相同时,随着稠度值变大,全组分再生砂浆Δm_(m)、Δf_(m)值的增长率高于机制砂浆。再生湿拌抹灰砂浆的胶砂比不宜小于1/7。结论再生砖粉对于砂浆抗冻性能的提升作用优于粉煤灰,与全组分再生砂结合使用可以大大缩小与机制砂浆抗冻性能差距,可同时满足工程需要和固废再利用的目标。

古环境中沉积物粒度组分分离的数学方法及其应用

陆相沉积物一般由多个粒度组分叠加组成,根据粒度分布曲线的特征可确定组分数、分布类型以及设定粒度分布函数,用设定的分布函数对实测粒度数据拟合可计算出函数的各参数,并获得各组分的百分比和分布函数,从而从数字特征上分离各组分。对流水和风成沉积物研究表明,河流沉积物由细粉砂级悬移组分和中砂至细砂级跃移组分叠加组成;封闭湖的碎屑沉积物主要是降水形成的地表径流搬运的细粉砂级悬移组分;风成砂由高度分选的近源跃移砂组分与细粒大气背景粉尘叠加组成;黄土由低空近源的悬移粉砂组分与高空运源悬移细粒组分叠加组成;北太平洋粉尘只有高空西风搬运的悬移细粒组分,该组分的粒度在中国沙漠、黄土高原和北太平洋的风成物中表现出一致性和成因上的内在联系,是该系统中高空悬移并分散于大气中的背景粉尘。

悬沙组分对再悬浮过程响应的初步研究——以长江口南槽口门为例

根据2011年5月31日至6月3日在长江口南槽口门附近海域投放三角架观测系统获取的沉积动力观测数据以及现场采集的水样和底质样品,进行底部边界层参数、悬沙粒度及悬沙组分分析,以探讨研究区近底部边界层特征和沉积物再悬浮过程。结果表明,研究区海域的悬沙以粉砂组分为主,潮周期内近底部流速与相应层位的悬沙浓度变化呈正相关,存在显著的再悬浮作用。分析发现,随着水体中悬沙砂组分的增加,再悬浮通量随之显著增加;砂组分减小,则再悬浮通量亦减小。因此,悬沙砂组分是对再悬浮过程响应的敏感组分,在一定程度上可指示和"示踪"再悬浮效应。

Paleogeomorphy,provenance system and sedimentary system of the Dongying formation in the Qikou sag

Reconstructed synsedimentary paleogeomorpholgy is an effective method in predicting the distribution of sandbodies and can provide valid evidence in the search for reservoirs. Based on a synsedimentary paleogeomorpholgy reconstruction of the third member of the Dongying formation (Ed3) in the Qikou sag,the basic paleogeomorphic characteristics of Ed3 are described and the spatial distributions of denudation and subsidence areas are discussed. Key boundary faults controlling the deposition of important sediment bodies are proposed and the interrelations among faulted slope-break belts or flexure belts,intra-depression uplifts and sags,sediment sources and sediments input points have been investigated.

Discovery and prediction of high natural gamma sandstones in Chang 73 Submember of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China

The large scale development of high natural gamma sandstones has been discovered in the Chang 73 Submember of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China. High natural gamma sandstones consist of terrigenous detrital rocks with particle sizes ranging from silt to sand. They represent turbidite deposits characterized by high gamma ray values that are more than 180 American Petroleum Institute (API) units on a natural gamma ray log profile. For a long time, very high natural gamma sandstones had been identified as high-quality source rocks, such as oil shales, from conventional well log profiles, such as natural gamma ray well logs. Therefore, predicting the distribution of high natural gamma sandstones was studied. The sedimentary, lithological, and well log characteristics, as well as the genesis of the high radioactivity of high natural gamma sandstones were analyzed in the Chang 73 Submember. Thorium (Th), uranium (U) and other radioactive elements were found, carried by deep hydrothermal activity, and probably resulted in the formation of a relatively high radioactive zone in the cross-section, where high natural gamma sandstones usually develop in large quantities. This caused many turbidite sand bodies, which should have a continuous distribution in the cross-section, to appear to have a discontinuous distribution, when using conventional well log profiles, such as natural gamma ray well logs. From the above mentioned apparent discontinuous distribution of turbidite sand bodies in the cross-section, a continuous distribution can be predicted. It is obvious that the prediction of areas of continuous turbidite sand bodies in the cross-section usually corresponds with areas where high natural gamma sandstones are developed in large quantities. Exploration and development practice demonstrated that the developed method is fast and effective in predicting high natural gamma sandstones in the Chang 73 Submember.

Diagenesis and reservoir quality of the fourth member sandstones of Shahejie formation in Huimin depression,eastern China

Petrographic analysis combined with various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, was used to assess the timing of growth and original mineral cements, the controls on reservoir and reservoir quality of the fourth member sandstones of Shahejie formation (Es4). The Es4 sandstones are mostly arkose and lithic arkose, rarely feldspathic litharenite, with an average mass fraction of quartz 51.6%, feldspar 33.8% and rock fragments 14.6% (Q51.6F33.8R14.6). They have an average framework composition (mass fraction) of quartz 57.10%, K-feldspar 5.76%, sodium-calcium feldspar 13.00%, calcite 5.77%, dolomite 5.63%, siderite 0.95%, pyrite 0.30%, anhydrite 0.04%, and clay mineral 11.46%. The diagenentic minerals typically include kaolinite, illite-smectite (I/S), illite, chlorite, authigenetic quartz and feldspar, and carbonate and pyrite. Es4 sandstone has undergone stages A and B of eodiagenesis, and now, it is experiencing stage A of mesodiagenesis. Reservoir quality is predominantly controlled by the mechanical compaction, for example, 45.65% of the original porosity loss is related to compaction. The original porosity loss related with cementation is only 26.00%. The reservoir quality is improved as a result of dissolution of feldspar, rock fragment and so forth. The porosity evolved from dissolution varies from 3% to 4%.