基于声学原理陶瓷砂轮性能表征的探讨

通过采集不同结合剂和磨料粒度的陶瓷砂轮的声学信号进行对比,试图探讨不同陶瓷砂轮声学特性上的反应。实验结果表明:随着陶瓷砂轮结合剂或粒度的改变,其声波的频幅图和相位图都会发生变化,经过快速傅里叶变换和小波变换处理后的声波的频幅图简单、特征明显。若应用大数据的处理方法,采用声波特性来对砂轮性能进行全面表征是可行的。

酚醛树脂含水量变化对金刚石切割砂轮性能的影响

测定酚醛树脂在允许使用范围内的含水量的变化,进而测定在固定配方和成型工艺的条件下,使用不同含水量的酚醛树脂生产的切割砂轮的洛氏硬度和抗折强度的变化,得出切割砂轮的洛氏硬度和抗折强度随酚醛树脂含水量变化的规律。实验结果表明:(1)当酚醛树脂含水量>3%时,其硬度和抗折强度明显下降,不宜在正常生产中使用。(2)当酚醛树脂含水量<3%,而树脂粉特定配方的抗折强度值或洛氏硬度值分别小于392N、HRB 30时,酚醛树脂在此种情况下不应正常生产使用。(3)酚醛树脂保存超过3个月,应该检测含水量及测定抗折强度和洛氏硬度,判定后确定能否用于生产。

基于Shannon熵与声发射信号的CBN砂轮性能监测方法研究

为了在磨削加工过程中能够有效判别CBN(Cubic Boron Nitride)砂轮的磨削性能,提出了一种基于Shannon熵理论与声发射信号的CBN砂轮性能监测方法。首先,利用声发射传感器采集CBN砂轮磨削加工过程中的声发射信号,基于最大信息熵对CBN砂轮磨削加工过程中的声发射信号进行概率密度估计,获得磨削加工过程中声发射信号的最大熵概率密度分布。然后,通过分析研究CBN砂轮在修整过后循环磨削以及不同直径剩余磨削时的声发射信号特征,根据交叉熵原理分析CBN砂轮不同磨削性能时声发射信号最大熵概率密度分布,并通过设定交叉熵阈值来辨别磨削加工过程中CBN砂轮的磨削性能。最后,为验证该方法的实用性,在某工厂CBN砂轮磨削产品生产线上进行大量实验研究,结果表明,该方法对CBN砂轮磨损状态及CBN砂轮剩余寿命进行有效监测,验证了该方法监测CBN砂轮在磨削加工过程中磨削性能的有效性。

单晶硅非球面超精密磨削砂轮的性能参数优选

针对轴对称单晶硅非球面超精密磨削中砂轮选择的问题,依据单晶硅红外非球面透镜的结构特性,对几种典型碟片砂轮的结构特性和磨损特性进行分析,优选圆弧形金刚石砂轮作为垂直磨削法磨削单晶硅非球面透镜用砂轮。通过磨削加工实验,研究砂轮各性能参数对非球面磨削加工质量(表面粗糙度、表面形貌、亚表层损伤厚度、面形精度)的影响,优选出D64粒度金刚石砂轮为单晶硅非球面粗磨用砂轮,浓度号为C100、截面圆弧半径为6 mm、粒度为D3的金刚石砂轮作为单晶硅非球面精磨用砂轮。

AVMD-Kriging砂轮寿命周期磨削性能在线监测方法

为了对砂轮寿命周期磨削性能进行特征提取与智能识别,课题组提出了一种改进的变分模态分解算法与Kriging模型相结合的砂轮寿命周期磨削性能识别方法AVMD-Kriging。首先,通过人工鱼群算法和包络熵适应度函数来优化VMD,以解决VMD中本征模态函数分解个数k和惩罚因子α难以自适应确定的问题;再利用皮尔逊相关系数选取与原始信号相关性最高的本征模态函数并计算其样本熵值组成特征向量,将其输入Kriging模型进行砂轮寿命周期磨削性能识别;最后利用实验采集的声发射数据,将提出的AVMD-Kriging方法与传统的KNN模型、Tree模型进行对比。结果表明:AVMD-Kriging方法的识别准确率优于KNN模型和Tree模型,能有效提高砂轮寿命周期磨削性能的识别准确率,同时具有较好的泛化能力和鲁棒性。

轴承零件磨削烧伤及其产生因素的探讨

通过对磨削烧伤的实质和危害以及磨削烧伤的产生因素的介绍,提出在实际磨削加工中分析和避免磨削烧伤的几点办法及注意事项。

Development of Diamond-like Carbon Fibre Wheel

A unique diamond-like carbon (DLC) grinding wheel was developed, in which the DLC fibres were made by rolling Al sheets coated with DLC films and aligned no rmally to the grinding wheel surface by laminating Al sheets together with DLC fibres. In this paper, the formation process of DLC fibres and the fabrication process of a DLC fibre wheel were investigated. Many grinding experiments were also carried out on a precision NC plane milling machine using a newly developed DLC wheel. Grinding of specimens of silicon wafers, optical glasses, quartz, granites and hardened die steel SKD11 demonstrated the capabilities of nanometer surface finish. A smooth surface with a roughness value of Ra2.5 nm (Ry26 nm) was achieved.

Wear characteristics and prediction of wheel profiles in high-speed trains

Wheel/rail relationship is a fundamental problem of railway system. Wear of wheel profiles has great effect on vehicle performance. Thus, it is important not just for the analysis of wear characteristics but for its prediction. Actual wheel profiles of the high-speed trains on service were measured in the high-speed line and the wear characteristics were analyzed which came to the following results. The wear location was centralized from-15 mm to 25 mm. The maximum wear value appeared at the area of 5 mm from tread center far from wheel flange and it was less than 1.5 mm. Then, wheel wear was fitted to get the polynomial functions on different locations and operation mileages. A binary numerical prediction model was raised to predict wheel wear. The prediction model was proved by vehicle system dynamics and wheel/rail contact geometry. The results show that the prediction model can reflect wear characteristics of measured profiles and vehicle performances.

Thermo-mechanical properties of bowl-shaped grinding wheel and machining error compensation for grinding indexable inserts

In order to meet the technical requirements of grinding the circumferential cutting edge of indexable inserts, thermo-mechanical properties of bowl-shaped grinding wheel in high speed grinding process and the influence of dimension variations of the grinding wheel on machining accuracy were investigated. Firstly, the variation trends of the dimension due to centrifugal force generated in different wheel speeds were studied and the effect of stress stiffening and spin softening was presented. Triangular heat flux distribution model was adopted to determine temperature distribution in grinding process. Temperature field cloud pictures were obtained by the finite element software. Then, dimension variation trends of wheel structure were acquired by considering the thermo-mechanical characteristic under combined action of centrifugal force and grinding heat at different speeds. A method of online dynamic monitoring and automatic compensation for dimension error of indexable insert was proposed. By experimental verification, the precision of the inserts satisfies the requirement of processing.