Objectives This study aimed to investigate clinical leadership behaviors among critical care nurses and compare the differences between nurses in private and public hospitals.Methods A cross-sectional survey including...Objectives This study aimed to investigate clinical leadership behaviors among critical care nurses and compare the differences between nurses in private and public hospitals.Methods A cross-sectional survey including 365 critical care nurses with a bachelor’s degree in nursing science were recruited in two Egyptian hospitals(a government teaching hospital and one private hospital from January to March 2019.A socio-demographic characteristics form and the Clinical Leadership Behaviors Questionnaire(CLB-Q)were used to collect data.For comparison and analysis,the mean score was calculated and converted to a percentage value.Results Results showed that the overall mean score of nurses’clinical leadership behaviors was 77.11±11.87,the level was higher,and the highest score of the communication dimension was 91.84±7.38.The mean score of nurses at a private hospital(90.48±5.53)was higher than that at a government teaching hospital(68.29±4.21)(P<0.001).On nursing experience,nurses with 5–10 years had higher mean score in self-awareness,advocacy and empowerment,decision making,quality and safety,teamwork,and clinical excellence dimension of clinical leadership behavior than those who worked less than 5 years or more than 10 years(P<0.01).Single nurses had higher mean score in advocacy and empowerment,decision making,quality and safety,and clinical excellence dimension of clinical leadership behavior than those who married(P<0.01).Conclusions Nurse managers should foster clinical leadership by enabling critical care nurses to practice clinical excellence and encouraging their attendance in training programs on quality and safety.Nurses in government hospitals need improvement in clinical leadership behaviors regarding all dimensions.展开更多
Based on some basic principles of self-organization theory including dissipation structure and synergy,the author analyzes the condition,dynamic and evolving route of the self-organization evolution of the real estate...Based on some basic principles of self-organization theory including dissipation structure and synergy,the author analyzes the condition,dynamic and evolving route of the self-organization evolution of the real estate industry,and builds synergetic evolution model,calculates out the order parameter of the real estate industry. The paper supplies new methods and tools for further research of real estate industry and contributes to reference of the government for its direction of macro-control.展开更多
This paper presents some thoughts about the Maison du Bresil. The objective is to research this temporary residency for researchers through the meanings that characterize it as a Brazilian territory in Paris and throu...This paper presents some thoughts about the Maison du Bresil. The objective is to research this temporary residency for researchers through the meanings that characterize it as a Brazilian territory in Paris and through the very belonging to the category elite as a peculiarity of its residents. The author wish to analyze the international circulation of students and researchers that live there and have an educational experience of multiple dimensions as experiences of deterritorialization of identities and its consequences in a housing space which is at the same time in public and private. Based on documental analysis and ethnographic fieldwork, the paper presents some aspects of the history and the everyday life of the Maison du Bresil and Paris＇ Cite Internationale Universitaire. Also, it intends to show how the meanings of Brazilianness are used as support for the identity crisis lived by the members of a supposed Brazilian elite in Paris, as it analyzes the particularities of the mediations established by the residents of the Maison du Bresil, in the formation and international insertion of some researchers.展开更多
Shape grammar has been used by many researchers to identify and/or define languages in architectural design. This paper presents a methodology developed using shape grammar to analyze the informal city, specifically F...Shape grammar has been used by many researchers to identify and/or define languages in architectural design. This paper presents a methodology developed using shape grammar to analyze the informal city, specifically Favela da Rocinha’s buildings, in Rio de Janeiro. The goal was finding the organizational foundations of self-built houses in an informal settlement. A methodology was developed to find composition patterns and to infer a set of rules which defines a shape grammar of Rocinha houses, allowing synthesis and analysis of low cost solutions for house designs. And above all, it highlights underlying design solutions produced empirically by inhabitants of favelas, emphasizing the diversity in favela’s architecture, and, that is also able to reflect the particular necessities of targeted population.展开更多
This field study in AI aqeb town and its surroundings is a result of joint research between two scientific fields： anthropology and architecture, where the researchers interested in the local community in terms of so...This field study in AI aqeb town and its surroundings is a result of joint research between two scientific fields： anthropology and architecture, where the researchers interested in the local community in terms of social, stability method, patterns of production and its transformations, as well as in physical culture for population in traditional, heritage and modern housing, and the reason to choose AI aqeb is to test the stability of the nature of pastoral groups in A1 aqeb basin and valley which are available on pastures and water sources and the remains of ancient centers of human settlement which provides building materials to create traditional dwellings made up of basalt stones and mud where the researcher use the field surveys methodology in the target area through field trips and description of heritage sites and architectural field studies methodology in terms of description, analysis and measuring and drawing. And study populations and pastoral aspects, features of the surface and material evidence. The Bedouin human interacts with its environment depending on its own style in simple techniques to meet his basic needs of physical, cultural and the need for shelter and housing.展开更多
Multi-storey housing for low income society is a concept of redevelopment from many alternatives of housing development for slum in Jakarta. However, redevelopment directly or indirectly leads to displacement of low-i...Multi-storey housing for low income society is a concept of redevelopment from many alternatives of housing development for slum in Jakarta. However, redevelopment directly or indirectly leads to displacement of low-income residents. The new residents would be of a higher socio-economic status than the previous occupants. For controlling this phenomenon, a study about the influence of displacement to the successful of sustainable multi-storey housing development for low-income society has been done with descriptive method, observation and literature study. The result of this study give knowledge that displacement always happened when the quality of building and environment is increase, the location of multi-storey housing is near city center and commercial area. Low income society voluntary displaced their units to middle or high income society, because they are not affordable for paying operational and maintenance costs. The government has to make regulations for controlling displacement on multi-storey housing for low-income society and for the successful of sustainable multi-storey housing development in urban area.展开更多
文摘Objectives This study aimed to investigate clinical leadership behaviors among critical care nurses and compare the differences between nurses in private and public hospitals.Methods A cross-sectional survey including 365 critical care nurses with a bachelor’s degree in nursing science were recruited in two Egyptian hospitals(a government teaching hospital and one private hospital from January to March 2019.A socio-demographic characteristics form and the Clinical Leadership Behaviors Questionnaire(CLB-Q)were used to collect data.For comparison and analysis,the mean score was calculated and converted to a percentage value.Results Results showed that the overall mean score of nurses’clinical leadership behaviors was 77.11±11.87,the level was higher,and the highest score of the communication dimension was 91.84±7.38.The mean score of nurses at a private hospital(90.48±5.53)was higher than that at a government teaching hospital(68.29±4.21)(P<0.001).On nursing experience,nurses with 5–10 years had higher mean score in self-awareness,advocacy and empowerment,decision making,quality and safety,teamwork,and clinical excellence dimension of clinical leadership behavior than those who worked less than 5 years or more than 10 years(P<0.01).Single nurses had higher mean score in advocacy and empowerment,decision making,quality and safety,and clinical excellence dimension of clinical leadership behavior than those who married(P<0.01).Conclusions Nurse managers should foster clinical leadership by enabling critical care nurses to practice clinical excellence and encouraging their attendance in training programs on quality and safety.Nurses in government hospitals need improvement in clinical leadership behaviors regarding all dimensions.
文摘Based on some basic principles of self-organization theory including dissipation structure and synergy,the author analyzes the condition,dynamic and evolving route of the self-organization evolution of the real estate industry,and builds synergetic evolution model,calculates out the order parameter of the real estate industry. The paper supplies new methods and tools for further research of real estate industry and contributes to reference of the government for its direction of macro-control.
文摘This paper presents some thoughts about the Maison du Bresil. The objective is to research this temporary residency for researchers through the meanings that characterize it as a Brazilian territory in Paris and through the very belonging to the category elite as a peculiarity of its residents. The author wish to analyze the international circulation of students and researchers that live there and have an educational experience of multiple dimensions as experiences of deterritorialization of identities and its consequences in a housing space which is at the same time in public and private. Based on documental analysis and ethnographic fieldwork, the paper presents some aspects of the history and the everyday life of the Maison du Bresil and Paris＇ Cite Internationale Universitaire. Also, it intends to show how the meanings of Brazilianness are used as support for the identity crisis lived by the members of a supposed Brazilian elite in Paris, as it analyzes the particularities of the mediations established by the residents of the Maison du Bresil, in the formation and international insertion of some researchers.
文摘Shape grammar has been used by many researchers to identify and/or define languages in architectural design. This paper presents a methodology developed using shape grammar to analyze the informal city, specifically Favela da Rocinha’s buildings, in Rio de Janeiro. The goal was finding the organizational foundations of self-built houses in an informal settlement. A methodology was developed to find composition patterns and to infer a set of rules which defines a shape grammar of Rocinha houses, allowing synthesis and analysis of low cost solutions for house designs. And above all, it highlights underlying design solutions produced empirically by inhabitants of favelas, emphasizing the diversity in favela’s architecture, and, that is also able to reflect the particular necessities of targeted population.
文摘This field study in AI aqeb town and its surroundings is a result of joint research between two scientific fields： anthropology and architecture, where the researchers interested in the local community in terms of social, stability method, patterns of production and its transformations, as well as in physical culture for population in traditional, heritage and modern housing, and the reason to choose AI aqeb is to test the stability of the nature of pastoral groups in A1 aqeb basin and valley which are available on pastures and water sources and the remains of ancient centers of human settlement which provides building materials to create traditional dwellings made up of basalt stones and mud where the researcher use the field surveys methodology in the target area through field trips and description of heritage sites and architectural field studies methodology in terms of description, analysis and measuring and drawing. And study populations and pastoral aspects, features of the surface and material evidence. The Bedouin human interacts with its environment depending on its own style in simple techniques to meet his basic needs of physical, cultural and the need for shelter and housing.
文摘Multi-storey housing for low income society is a concept of redevelopment from many alternatives of housing development for slum in Jakarta. However, redevelopment directly or indirectly leads to displacement of low-income residents. The new residents would be of a higher socio-economic status than the previous occupants. For controlling this phenomenon, a study about the influence of displacement to the successful of sustainable multi-storey housing development for low-income society has been done with descriptive method, observation and literature study. The result of this study give knowledge that displacement always happened when the quality of building and environment is increase, the location of multi-storey housing is near city center and commercial area. Low income society voluntary displaced their units to middle or high income society, because they are not affordable for paying operational and maintenance costs. The government has to make regulations for controlling displacement on multi-storey housing for low-income society and for the successful of sustainable multi-storey housing development in urban area.
