基于ABAQUS的凿岩机钻头破岩数值模拟分析

为提高液压凿岩机的破岩效率和破岩速度,运用ABAQUS分析软件,对液压凿岩机在回转-冲击载荷下连续破碎硬质岩石过程进行动力学仿真分析。研究不同冲击频率、回转速度及初始地应力多个参数对破岩效果影响,对数值模拟结果分别进行分析。结果表明:破岩速度随回转速度增大而增大,当回转速度达到300 r/min后破岩速度几乎不再改变,且在300 r/min时破岩效率最高;随着冲击频率增加破岩速度明显增大,在70 Hz时具有最高破岩效率;不同初始地应力条件对破岩速度影响较小,但对破岩效率有很大影响。研究结果为实际工程中改善液压凿岩机破岩效果提供了重要理论参考和数值依据。

不同卸荷工况下岩石钻孔破碎特性研究

为分析多孔破岩作业中不同钻孔间距及破岩模式对破岩效果的影响,采用ABAQUS数值模拟方法对多孔破岩特性进行了分析,构建了多孔破岩模型,分析了在地应力为10MPa时,最优冲击频率和回转速度;并在相同冲击力、地应力、回转速度、冲击频率条件下,分别对四种钻孔间距及两种破岩模式进行破岩仿真,分析其破岩特性。研究表明:在初始地应力为10MPa时,最优冲击频率为62Hz,回转速度为255r/min;钻孔间距为二倍钻头直径时破岩能耗最高;同孔距破岩过程中,同步钻进破岩能耗高于异步钻进破岩能耗;钻孔间距和破岩模式均对破岩速度没有太大影响。研究结果为降低破岩能耗、提升破岩效果提供理论基础。

Swelling and breaking characteristics of limestone under high temperatures

The elemental composition,heat expansibility and breaking characteristics of limestone have been investigated with the use of an energy spectrum analyzer,a SEM,an optical microscope and an experimental heat swelling power system.The results show that 1) the heat expansibility of limestone has anisotropic properties,and 2) the heat expansion rate in the direction perpendicular to stratification is eight times greater than the rate parallel to stratification.The changes in heat expansibility as a function of heating temperature is essentially coincident with that of swelling and breaking of mineral particles and the appearance of cracks,indicating that the reason for causing the heat expansion of rock are the structural changes of limestone caused by thermal stress,crystal transformation and mineral decomposition.The apparent destruction of limestone under high temperatures is largely characterized by rock stratification breaks.When the limestone is heated beyond a certain limit,the rock destroys into crazed cracks.

Energy consumption in rock fragmentation at intermediate strain rate

In order to determine the relationship among energy consumption of rock and its fragmentation, dynamic strength and strain rate, granite, sandstone and limestone specimens were chosen and tested on large-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) equipment with half-sine waveform loading at the strain rates ranging from 40 to 150 s- 1. With recorded signals, the energy consumption, strain rate and dynamic strength were analyzed. And the fragmentation behaviors of specimens were investigated. The experimental results show that the energy consumption density of rock increases linearly with the total incident energy. The energy consumption density is of an exponent relationship with the average size of rock fragments. The higher the energy consumption density, the more serious the fragmentation, and the better the gradation of fragments. The energy consumption density takes a good logarithm relationship with the dynamic strength of rock. The dynamic strength of rock increases with the increase of strain rate, indicating higher strain rate sensitivity.

A new technology for hard-rock tunneling based on drilling and hydraulic impact breaking

In order to realize the safety, high efficiency and rapidity of hard rock tunneling, we propose the drilling &hydraulic impact hard-rock tunneling(DHIHT) technology and method. Based on the LS-DYNA explicit module and APDL programming, the key parameters of DHIHT, including drilling spacing and drilling radius, were investigated. The simulation results show that: the drilling spacing should not exceed0.20 m-larger distances weaken the actual breaking effect; the best drilling radius is about 0.035 m, larger or smaller distances would both decrease the effect of drilling-hole free surfaces. The field impact breaking experiments were conducted in Baitaizi township granite quarry, Jinzhou, Liaoning province,China. The experiment results indicate that DHIHT is a feasible method for hard-rock tunneling, but its efficiency still needs to be further optimized and improved.

Time difference correlation between earthquake lights and seismic ground accelerations

Although earthquake lights have been known since ancient times,it has not been easy to study them.It was not until the 60s that the first photographs of them were taken.During the Peruvian earthquake in 2007,it was possible to obtain the fi rst fi lm recording on earthquake lights.Likewise,during the earthquakes in Ecuador in 2016 and in Mexico in 2017,two fi lms of the earthquake lights were recorded.These fi lm recordings have helped in the study of earthquake lights,both for their objectivity and for their informational content.Several causal mechanisms have been proposed to explain earthquake lights:piezoelectricity,radon emanation,fluid diffusion,friction-vaporization,positive holes and dipole currents,among others.In this work a time difference correlation between earthquake lights and seismic ground accelerations was found and we use both seismic data and fi lm recordings of earthquake lights to explain its origin.In the discussion section it is suggested that fracturing of rocks manifest itself to some extent in the form of static electricity producing earthquake lights through induction The induction model proposed is new and it can explain the formation of EQL,even if the earth’s crust has layers of large electrical resistivity.The model also explains the formation of seismic lights without the need for special conditions on the earth’s surface or in the atmosphere.A better understanding of the earthquake lights generation process can improve our understanding of seismicity and help in the prediction of earthquakes.

Breakability analysis of the elastic rock beam based on the winkler model

Based on the Winkler model, a mechanic model was established with formulas derived concerned with the deformations before and after a roof breakage at places in front of and at the back of the working face. In accordance with the theory for rock beam breakage, the beam breaking position in front of the working face is specified. In addition, the formulas were developed for the velocity of the subsidence at observatory point A in front of the working face when the coal wall serves as the coordinate center and the advance distance at time t as the dynamic coordinate. In the application of the above-mentioned achievements to the practice of Xieqiao Mine and the mines of the Eastern Panji Company of Huainan Mining（Group） Co. Ltd., the results concerned with the velocity with which the roof stratum tends to subside before and after breakage as derived from the mechanic model are well compatible to the results based on in-situ observations and measurements.