硫／石灰石自养反硝化工艺的研究

本文对上流式硫／石灰石生物自养反硝化法的各种工艺参数及影响因素进行了试验研究。研究结果表明：滤柱原本中需投加少量的磷酸盐．当温度为２２℃时，滤柱的临界硝酸盐体积负荷为５５５９ＮＯ３－－Ｎ／ｍ３·ｄ。１２℃时，临界负荷为３８０ｇＮＧ３－－Ｎ／ｍ３·ｄ．滤柱若在高于临界负荷下运行，则不可能达到完全反硝化出水中存在亚硝酸盐．若在低于临界负荷下运行，反硝化效率为１００％，亚硝酸盐在滤柱底部产生，而在滤柱上部还原为氮气，出水中不存在亚硝酸盐．

Model of limestone calcination / sulfation under oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustion

The characteristics of the simultaneous calcination/ sulfation of limestone under oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustion were studied and compared with those of the sulfation of precalcined CaO. During the calcination stage, SO2 can react with product CaO and slow down the CaCO3 decomposition rate by the covering effect of the CaSO4 product. The sulfation rate of simultaneous calcinatiort/sulfation is slower than that of precalcined CaO, but with a long enough sulfation time, the calcium conversion of simultaneous calcination/sulfation is higher than that of the precalcined CaO. A grain-micrograin model is established to describe the simultaneous calcination, sintering and sulfation of limestone. The graln-micrograln model can reflect the true reaction process of the calcination and sulfation of limestone in oxy-fuel fluidized bed combustion.

Research on flue gas desulphurization with two sorbents by water spray in activated reactor

The experimental results of flue gas desulphurization with caustic lime andhydrated lime activated by water spraying in a desulphurization reactor are presented. The effectsof Ca/S molar ratio, approach to saturation of flue gas, SO_2 concentration and gas velocity onsulfur retention efficiency and calcium utilization rate are investigated. Desulphurizationcharacteristics of the two sorbents are compared. The mechanism of improving desulphurizationefficiency by water spraying is analyzed. The results show that the activities of two sorbents areimproved obviously by humidification with water spray and the caustic lime has better applicationprospect because of cheaper cost.

Comparative study on SO_2 release and removal under air and oxy-fuel combustion in a fluidized bed combustor

SO2 release and removal were studied under both the air and oxy-fuel combustion conditions using an anthracite coal from the Jincheng mine in China on a bench-scale fluidized bed combustor （FBC）. Special attention was paid to the effects of the combustion atmosphere, 02 concentration, bed temperature, and limestone addition. The released amount of SO2 was clearly higher under 30% 02/70% CO2 than that of the air atmosphere. As the O2 concentration in O2/CO2 mixture increased from 21% to 40%, the released amount of SO2 increased significantly, but then it decreased when the 02 concentration increased up to 50%. The bed temperature from 860 to 920 ℃ has no obvious influence on the the SO2 release but shows a strong influence on the desulfurization with limestone in both oxy-fuel and air conditions. The maximum SO2 removal efficiency appears to be at 880 to 900 ℃ for both the air and oxy-fuel combustion conditions.

CFD simulation with enhancement factor of sulfur dioxide absorption in the spray scrubber

A model describing the absorption process of SO2 into limestone slurry with a spray scrubber is presented. Both the physical performance of the spray liquid in the scrubber and the involved chemical reactions are analyzed in the model. A con- tinuous concentration change of H+ was solved by iterative coupling using Matlab, and it was found that there was a remarkable influence on the concentration of the other elements in the process of SO2 absorption. The calculations show that the enhancement factor exponentially grows with an increasing value of pH and logarithmically decays with an increasing value of the driving force. To verify the accuracy of the model, experiments were also carried out, and the results suggest that the model, after combining the physical performance of the spray and the enhancement factor, can more precisely describe SO2 absorption in a spray scrubber. Furthermore, a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool is used to perform several simulations which describe and clarify the effects of variables on SO2 absorption. The results of numerical simulation can provide a basis for further design and optimization of the scrubber.

Thermogravimetric Study and Modeling of Direct Sulfation of Limestone by Sulfur Dioxide

The direct sulfation of limestone from different sources in Iran was studiedin a thermogravimetric analyzer under atmospheric pressure. All limestone samples tested have higherthan 97% CaCO_3. Experimental conditions were as follows: particle size levels ranging from 1.6 μmto 7.8 μm, four level reaction temperatures (700℃, 750℃, 800℃ and 850℃), and two SO_2concentrations (2.4 x 10^(-3) and 3.2 x 10^(-3) mol · mol^(-1)). The particle size and temperatureshowed dominant influences on the rate and level of conversion while the effect of SO_2concentration was weak. The shrinking core model can be used to describe the behavior of thesulfation process. The reaction kinetics and diffusion mechanism are both important in controllingthe rate of the process. The two key parameters of the model, chemical rate constant K_s andeffective diffusion coefficient D_(eff) were obtained. Model predictions are in good agreement withthe experimental data.

A Review on Luohuang Power Plant 4×360 MW FGD Project

This paper elaborates the wet limestone gypsum technology adopted in the flue gasdesulfurization projects of 4×360 MW generating units in Luohuang Power Plant, theimplementation process of Phase II desulfurization project, the technical features and differencesof Phase I and II desulfurization plants, and puts forward some suggestions for FGD projectconstruction.[

燃煤电厂白泥脱硫的模糊数学评价

白泥作为造纸行业的副产品可以替代石灰石用于火电厂石灰石/石膏湿法烟气脱硫,建立了燃煤电厂白泥脱硫、石灰石湿法烟气脱硫、白泥/石灰石混用脱硫三种脱硫技术的综合性能模糊评价数学模型.评价指标分为环境性能、经济性能和技术性能三大类,通过模型计算根据最大隶属度原则得到评价结果.评价结果显示,白泥脱硫技术的隶属度结果最大,其次是两者混用技术.综合评价结果为白泥脱硫的大规模开展以及电厂湿法烟气脱硫工艺的优选提供了有价值的参考.