The effect of sulfur compounds （including sulfur, sulfide, sulfite and sulfate）, initial concentration of heavy metal and operating conditions on Cd emission in municipal solid waste （MSW） incineration were invest...The effect of sulfur compounds （including sulfur, sulfide, sulfite and sulfate）, initial concentration of heavy metal and operating conditions on Cd emission in municipal solid waste （MSW） incineration were investi-gated using a simulated tubular furnace and simulated MSW spiked with Cd. The concentration of Cd was meas-ured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） after digesting the samples including bottom ash, fly ash and flue gas according to related USEPA methods. The results show that S and Na2S tend to in- crease Cd partitioning in bottom ash, whereas Na2SO3 and Na2SO4 tend to reduce Cd partitioning in bottom ash. The effect of sulfur compounds on Cd partitioning in bottom ash was in the sequence of Na2S〉S〉Na2SO3〉 Na2SO4. chemical equilibrium analysis is also performed to determine the effect of sorbents on Cd adsorption. The calculations show that S presents strong affinity for Cd and restrains Cd adsorption by SiO2, whereas when temperature rises to between 830℃ and 1030℃, Cd adsorption efficiency of SiO2 is over 80% and the efficiency of Al2O3 is up to 85%.展开更多
In order to reuse the high sulfur petroleum coke, the waste in chemical industry, as fuel of power plant for energy recovery, the combustion property of petroleum coke was researched experimentally in circulating flui...In order to reuse the high sulfur petroleum coke, the waste in chemical industry, as fuel of power plant for energy recovery, the combustion property of petroleum coke was researched experimentally in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The performance of the boiler in burning mixed fuel with different ratios of coal to petroleum coke is obtained. Based on the experimental data, Factors influencing the stability of combustion,thermal efficiency of boiler, and emissions and desulphurisation are discussed. This study demonstrates that the combustion of petroleum coke in CFB boiler is applicable, and has great significance on the design and operation of CFB boiler to burn petroleum coke.展开更多
The size distribution of coal particles in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler plays a crucial role in the complicated combustion, heat exchange and pollutant emissions in such a plat. Therefore, it is fundamenta...The size distribution of coal particles in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler plays a crucial role in the complicated combustion, heat exchange and pollutant emissions in such a plat. Therefore, it is fundamental to study the different factors having influence on the size distribution of coal particles. Above all, the coal itself and in particular, the coal combination phenomenon is a very influent factor. In the frame of this work, the coal nature (elementary composition) and coal internal structure (mineral components) are studied in detail. At this intermediary stage, experiments on three typical Chinese coals on a l.5 MWt CFBC pilot plant have been made. Some primary fragmentation tests have also been made in a small lab scale fluidized bed reactor. The results from the hot pilot test show i) the variation of coal ash distributions and other CFB performance data due to the cyclone and the coal characteristics and ii) the variation of desulfurization efficiency with limestone. Whereas the bench scale primary fragmentation test, likely linked to the caking propriety of a coal, does not seem to change considerably the char size distribution.展开更多
A cold model experimental study on the flowing characteristics of bed material between a fluidized bed ash cooler and a furnace of CFB boiler were discussed in this paper. The research results showed that flowing stat...A cold model experimental study on the flowing characteristics of bed material between a fluidized bed ash cooler and a furnace of CFB boiler were discussed in this paper. The research results showed that flowing status of the bed material in a bubbling bed, which was run with a circulating fluidized bed together in parallel operation, was influenced by the pressure difference between the CFB and the bubbling bed, the switch status of unlocking air, and the structure of the exit of the bubbling bed. There was a circulating flow of bed material between CFB and bubbling bed.展开更多
A mathematical model for atmospheric staged circulating fluidized bed combustion, which takes fluiddynamics, combustion, heat transfer, pollutants formation and retention, into account was developedin the Institute of...A mathematical model for atmospheric staged circulating fluidized bed combustion, which takes fluiddynamics, combustion, heat transfer, pollutants formation and retention, into account was developedin the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (IET) recently. The model of gas solid flow at the bot-tom of the combustor was treated by the tworphase theory of fluidized bed and in the upper regionas a core-sannulus flow structure. The chemical species CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4, O2 and N2 wereconsidered in the reaction process. The mathematical model consisted of sub-models of fluid namics,coal heterogeneous and gas homogeneous chemical reactions, heat transfer, particle fragmentation andattrition, mass and energy balance etc. The developed code was applied to simulate an operating stagedcirculating fluidized bed combustion boiler of early design and the results were in good agreement withthe operating data. The main submodels and simulation results are given in this paper.展开更多
A Bayesian-Gaussian Neural Network (BGNN) is put forward in this paper to predict the static and transient performance of Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers. The advantages of this network over Back-Propagation N...A Bayesian-Gaussian Neural Network (BGNN) is put forward in this paper to predict the static and transient performance of Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers. The advantages of this network over Back-Propagation Neural Networks (BPNNs), easier determination of topology, simpler and time saving in training process as well as selforganizing ability, make this network more practical in on-line performance prediction for complicated processes. Simulation shows that this network is comparable to the BPNNs in predicting the performance of CFB boilers. Good and practical on-line performance predictions are essential for operation guide and model predictive control of CFB boiIers, which are under research by the authors.展开更多
文摘The effect of sulfur compounds （including sulfur, sulfide, sulfite and sulfate）, initial concentration of heavy metal and operating conditions on Cd emission in municipal solid waste （MSW） incineration were investi-gated using a simulated tubular furnace and simulated MSW spiked with Cd. The concentration of Cd was meas-ured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） after digesting the samples including bottom ash, fly ash and flue gas according to related USEPA methods. The results show that S and Na2S tend to in- crease Cd partitioning in bottom ash, whereas Na2SO3 and Na2SO4 tend to reduce Cd partitioning in bottom ash. The effect of sulfur compounds on Cd partitioning in bottom ash was in the sequence of Na2S〉S〉Na2SO3〉 Na2SO4. chemical equilibrium analysis is also performed to determine the effect of sorbents on Cd adsorption. The calculations show that S presents strong affinity for Cd and restrains Cd adsorption by SiO2, whereas when temperature rises to between 830℃ and 1030℃, Cd adsorption efficiency of SiO2 is over 80% and the efficiency of Al2O3 is up to 85%.
文摘In order to reuse the high sulfur petroleum coke, the waste in chemical industry, as fuel of power plant for energy recovery, the combustion property of petroleum coke was researched experimentally in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The performance of the boiler in burning mixed fuel with different ratios of coal to petroleum coke is obtained. Based on the experimental data, Factors influencing the stability of combustion,thermal efficiency of boiler, and emissions and desulphurisation are discussed. This study demonstrates that the combustion of petroleum coke in CFB boiler is applicable, and has great significance on the design and operation of CFB boiler to burn petroleum coke.
文摘The size distribution of coal particles in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler plays a crucial role in the complicated combustion, heat exchange and pollutant emissions in such a plat. Therefore, it is fundamental to study the different factors having influence on the size distribution of coal particles. Above all, the coal itself and in particular, the coal combination phenomenon is a very influent factor. In the frame of this work, the coal nature (elementary composition) and coal internal structure (mineral components) are studied in detail. At this intermediary stage, experiments on three typical Chinese coals on a l.5 MWt CFBC pilot plant have been made. Some primary fragmentation tests have also been made in a small lab scale fluidized bed reactor. The results from the hot pilot test show i) the variation of coal ash distributions and other CFB performance data due to the cyclone and the coal characteristics and ii) the variation of desulfurization efficiency with limestone. Whereas the bench scale primary fragmentation test, likely linked to the caking propriety of a coal, does not seem to change considerably the char size distribution.
文摘A cold model experimental study on the flowing characteristics of bed material between a fluidized bed ash cooler and a furnace of CFB boiler were discussed in this paper. The research results showed that flowing status of the bed material in a bubbling bed, which was run with a circulating fluidized bed together in parallel operation, was influenced by the pressure difference between the CFB and the bubbling bed, the switch status of unlocking air, and the structure of the exit of the bubbling bed. There was a circulating flow of bed material between CFB and bubbling bed.
文摘A mathematical model for atmospheric staged circulating fluidized bed combustion, which takes fluiddynamics, combustion, heat transfer, pollutants formation and retention, into account was developedin the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (IET) recently. The model of gas solid flow at the bot-tom of the combustor was treated by the tworphase theory of fluidized bed and in the upper regionas a core-sannulus flow structure. The chemical species CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4, O2 and N2 wereconsidered in the reaction process. The mathematical model consisted of sub-models of fluid namics,coal heterogeneous and gas homogeneous chemical reactions, heat transfer, particle fragmentation andattrition, mass and energy balance etc. The developed code was applied to simulate an operating stagedcirculating fluidized bed combustion boiler of early design and the results were in good agreement withthe operating data. The main submodels and simulation results are given in this paper.
文摘A Bayesian-Gaussian Neural Network (BGNN) is put forward in this paper to predict the static and transient performance of Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers. The advantages of this network over Back-Propagation Neural Networks (BPNNs), easier determination of topology, simpler and time saving in training process as well as selforganizing ability, make this network more practical in on-line performance prediction for complicated processes. Simulation shows that this network is comparable to the BPNNs in predicting the performance of CFB boilers. Good and practical on-line performance predictions are essential for operation guide and model predictive control of CFB boiIers, which are under research by the authors.
