多金属硫化矿矿石表征与选矿工艺研究

本文旨在研究探索多金属硫化矿矿石的表征与选矿工艺,以解决资源开发和矿石加工领域的重要问题,以便于更好地理解矿石的性质和特征,为矿石加工和资源评估提供科学依据。并有助于优化矿石开采和处理流程,实现矿石资源的高效利用和可持续发展。

块状复杂硫化矿矿石新工艺的开发与应用实例研究——法罗铅锌选矿厂

法罗(Faro)矿是北美最大的铅锌矿之一。自从20世纪60年代末期建矿以来,该选矿厂已处理矿石8000万吨以上。法罗矿及其选矿厂位于安维尔山脉(the AnvilRange)高原中部育空(Yukon)中心法罗镇以北35km处。安维尔山脉高原有6个非常大的矿体,延绵40多km。其中的3个矿体(法罗1、2和3号)业已采空。还剩下3个矿体,其中两个矿体(范戈达和格鲁姆——Vangorda,Grum)的生产已达6年之久。该矿石为块状硫化矿矿石,呈细脉浸染型,难以加工处理。由于用于法罗矿石的处理方法不太适用于格鲁姆和范戈达矿石,选厂就必须开发和引进新的处理方法。80年代早期,该选厂进行了详尽的实验室研究以验证能够获得满意选别效果的工艺流程和药剂制度。选厂采用了基于参数模型和莱克菲尔德选别技术数据库的新方法,并于1986年应用此工艺处理范戈达矿石,进而于1990年应用于更难选的格鲁姆矿石,且延用至今。

科拉半岛费多罗沃图恩德罗矿体含铂矿石选矿工艺的制定

本文介绍了为处理科拉半岛费多罗沃图恩德罗矿体的低硫化物铂族金属矿石而制定的浮选工艺流程。在处理这种低硫化物矿石时,采用了经改进后的药剂制度并补充加入一种起泡调节剂,就能产出含有5.4%Ni、10.6%Cu和(Pt+Pd+Au)贵金属总量高于135g/t,氧化镁含量较低(7.73%)的一种混合精矿。几种有价金属的回收率分别为Pt52.4%、Pd83.2%、Au82.6%。业已证明,镍在尾矿中的损失量较高,很大程度上是由于不仅其中的硫化矿物含有镍,而且硅酸盐矿物也含有镍。

Acid mine drainage activation mechanism on lime-depressed pyrite flotation from copper sulfide ore

The lime-depressed pyrite from Cu differential flotation tailings with acid mine drainage(AMD)as a natural activator was recovered.The effect of AMD on lime-depressed pyrite flotation was investigated by a series of laboratory flotation tests and surface analytical techniques.Flotation test results indicated that AMD could effectively activate the pyrite flotation with a sodium butyl xanthate(SBX)collector,and a high-quality sulfur concentrate was obtained.Pulp ion concentration analysis results indicated that AMD facilitated desorption of Ca^(2+)and adsorption of Cu^(2+)on the depressed-pyrite surface.Adsorption measurements and contact angle analysis results confirmed that adding AMD improved the adsorption amount of SBX collector on the pyrite surface and increased the contact angle by 31°.Results of Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that AMD treatment promoted the formation of hydrophobic species(S^(0) hydrophobic entity and copper sulfides)and the removal of hydrophilic calcium and iron species on the pyrite surface,which reinforced the adsorption of collector.The findings of the present research provide important theoretical basis and technical support for a cleaner production of copper sulfide ores.

Separation of sulfide lead-zinc-silver ore under low alkalinity condition

A complex lead-zinc-silver sulfide ore containing 2.98% Pb, 6.49% Zn and 116.32×10^-4 % Ag （mass fraction） from Yunnan Province, China, was subjected to this work. Research on mineral processing was conducted according to the properties of the lead-zinc-silver ore. Under low alkalinity condition, the lead minerals are successfully separated from the zinc minerals with new reagent YZN as zinc depressant, new reagent BPB as lead collector, CuSO4 as zinc activator and ethyl xanthate as zinc collector. The associated silver is mostly concentrated to the lead concentrate. With the process utilized in this work, a lead concentrate of 51.90% Pb with a recovery of 82.34% and a zinc concentrate of 56.96% Zn with a recovery of 81.98% are produced. The silver recovery in the lead concentrate is 80.61%. Interactions of flotation reagents with minerals were investigated, of which the results indicate that the presence of proper amount of Na2S can precipitate Pb^2＋ and has a sulfidation on oxidized lead minerals. The results also show that NazCO3 and YZN used together as combined depressants for sphalerite can signally improve the depressing effect of new reagent YZN on sphalerite.

Recovery of Zn, Pb, Fe and Si from a low-grade mining ore by sulfidation roasting-beneficiation-leaching processes

To recover Zn, Pb, Fe and Si from a low-grade mining ore in the Lanping basin, Yunnan Province, China, a novel technology using the roasting with pyrite and carbon followed by beneficiation and hydrochloric acid leaching was proposed. Firstly, several factors such as pyrite dosage, roasting temperature, carbon powder dosage, holding time and particle size affecting on the flotation performance of Zn(Pb) and magnetic separation performance of Fe were simultaneously examined and the optimum process parameters were determined. A flotation concentrate, containing 17.46% Zn and 3.93% Pb, was obtained, and the Zn and Pb recoveries were 86.04% and 69.08%, respectively. The obtained flotation tailing was concentrated by a low-intensity magnetic separator. The grade of iron increased from 5.45% to 43.45% and the recovery of iron reached 64.87%. Hydrochloric acid leaching was then carried out for the magnetic separation tailing and a raw quartz concentrate containing 81.05% SiO2 was obtained. To further interpret the sulfidation mechanism of smithsonite, surface morphology and component of the sample before and after reactions were characterized by XRD and EPMA-EDS. The aim was to achieve the comprehensive utilization of the low-grade mining ore.

Occurrence characteristics and enrichment regularity of indium in pyrite: A case study of Dachang tin ore-field

To reveal the occurrence state and enrichment regularity of the dispersed element indium in pyrite, the petrology,mineralogy, geochemistry, and mineral physics were researched detailedly. The results suggest that the structure of pyrite is mainlycomposed of massive structure, disseminated structure, vein structure, reticular structure, comb structure and so on. Generally, thepyrite coexists with sphalerite, marmatite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, galena, and arsenopyrite. And the texture of pyrite primarilyconsists of the metasomatic texture, solid solution texture, idiomorphic?hypidiomorphic granular texture, and disseminated texture.The content of indium in pyrite ranges from 0.491×10?6 to 65.1×10?6 with an average value of 14.38×10?6. Yet, the indium content inthe Gaofeng deposit is higher than that in the Dafulou and Tongkeng deposit, showing a particularly significant supernormalenrichment. Besides, the cadmium content in pyrite is also higher than other dispersed elements, and similarly the abnormalenrichment of cadmium in the Gaofeng deposit is also very significant. An obvious positive correlation exists between In and Cd, orTl, but a negative correlation between In and Re. It is difficult to find out a positive or negative correlation between In and Ga. Theelement zinc is of great importance to the enrichment of indium, which can possibly facilitate to the migration and crystallization of dispersed element indium.

Ore genesis of Badi copper deposit, northwest Yunnan Province, China： evidence from geology, fluid inclusions, and sulfur, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes

The Badi copper deposit is located in Shangjiang town, Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province. Tectonically, it belongs to the Sanjiang Block. Vapor-liquid two-phase fluid inclusions, CO2-bearing fluid inclusions, and daugh- ter-beating inclusions were identified in sulfide-rich quartz veins. Microthermometric and Raman spectroscopy studies revealed their types of ore-forming fluids： （1） low-tem- perature, low-salinity fluid; （2） medium-temperature, low salinity CO2-bearing; and （3） high-temperature, Fe-rich, high sulfur fugacity. The δ^18O values of chalcopyrite- bearing quartz ranged from 4.96‰ to 5.86%0, with an average of 5.40%0. The δD values of ore-forming fluid in equilibrium with the sulfide-bearing quartz were from - 87‰ to - 107‰, with an average of - 97.86%0. These isotopic features indicate that the ore-forming fluid is a mixing fluid between magmatic fluid and meteoric water. The δ^34S values of chalcopyrite ranged from 13.3‰ to 15.5‰, with an average of 14.3‰. Sulfur isotope values suggest that the sulfur in the deposit most likely derived from seawater. Various fluid inclusions coexisted in the samples; similar homogenization temperature to different phases suggests that the Badi fluid inclusions might have been captured under a boiling system. Fluid boiling caused by fault activity could be the main reason for the mineral precipitation in the Badi deposit.

Micromineralogy of ＂Black Shale＂ Disseminated- Sulphide Gold Ore Deposits of the Ayan-Yuryakh Anticlinorium （North-East of Russia）

The results of investigation of micromineralogy of disseminated-sulphide gold ore deposits of the Yana-Kolyma belt; the investigation was conducted via electron microscopy using a QEMSCAN （Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy） hardware and software instrument equipped with a Quantax quantitative analysis system. The following micro-mineral phases have been detected： native gold and silver, selenides of Au and Ag （naumanite and fishesserite （？）, hessite, sulfoarsenides of Ni and Co （gersdorffite, cobaltite, rammelsbergite）, molibdenite and platinum group minerals. Our findings in disseminated sulfide ores selenides of Au and Ag, and molybdenite, together with the findings of platinum group minerals and Ni and Co, emphasize the ＂black shale＂ specifics character of these types of deposits.