不同基因型玉米硫素吸收利用效率的研究 Ⅱ.硫素吸收利用的基因型差异

在两个硫素供应水平下 ,研究 34个玉米不同基因型的硫素吸收利用情况 ,通过相关分析和聚类分析 ,对玉米硫素利用类型进行鉴定。研究结果表明 ,不同基因型玉米的籽粒产量、硫素吸收和利用效率指标都存在很大差异 ,根据这些指标 ,通过聚类分析将参试基因型划分为 4类。自交系和甜玉米的有关指标均低 ,与普通玉米杂交种有很大区别 ,作为一种类型 ,杂交种又可以分为三种 :高效型 ,低效型和中间型。施用硫肥 ,促进了硫素的吸收 ,但是降低了硫素利用效率。通径分析还证实 ,与硫素利用效率相比 ,玉米生长发育早期 ,硫素吸收总量和植株生长量的相关系数和通径系数均较大 ,对生长起决定作用 ;生长后期 ,硫素利用效率对籽粒产量的影响有所增加 。

不同基因型小麦硫素利用效率研究

为给小麦生产实践中硫营养的分级管理提供参考依据,在高硫(施硫)和低硫(不施硫)供应水平下,研究了14个小麦基因型的硫素吸收利用情况,并对小麦硫素利用类型进行了聚类分析。结果表明,不同基因型小麦的籽粒产量、硫素吸收和利用效率都存在很大差异。根据这些指标,通过聚类分析可将参试小麦基因型划分为4类:低效低响应型、低效高响应型、高效低响应型和高效高响应型。研究还发现施用硫肥增加了植株硫素吸收总量,但降低了硫素利用效率,可以推测不同基因型小麦对施用硫肥的响应程度与硫素的吸收总量存在密切联系。

高油、高淀粉玉米吸硫特性及施硫对其产量、品质的影响

研究了高油、高淀粉玉米硫素的吸收分配及施硫对籽粒产量、品质的作用 ,结果表明 :在 1 1 2 5 0 kg/hm2 的产量水平下 ,开花前硫素吸收量占总吸收量的百分比平均为 5 7.5 3 % ,花后对硫的吸收较强 ;高油 1号、长单 2 6、掖单 1 3每公顷吸硫量分别为 :3 2 .46 kg、3 4 .94kg、3 4 .2 0 kg。施硫能增加穗粒数和粒重 (高油玉米粒重增加不显著 ) ,并显著提高其产量。施硫2 2 .5 kg/hm2 (S1)能使籽粒含油率和蛋白质含量分别比对照提高 9.0 5 %和 6 .88% ,蛋白质中清蛋白、球蛋白和谷蛋白含量提高 ,品质改善 ;施硫量增至 90 kg/hm2 (S2 )时 ,籽粒含油率和蛋白质含量仍有提高 ,但蛋白质中醇溶蛋白含量增加 。

覆膜栽培对旱地小麦籽粒产量及硫含量的影响

研究并明确旱地覆膜栽培对冬小麦籽粒产量、硫吸收累积和转运及籽粒硫含量的影响,调控作物硫营养,提高籽粒硫含量和营养品质,对旱地小麦高产优质栽培有重要意义。2014—2015和2015—2016两年在西北三省七点进行田间试验,比较不覆膜(传统平作栽培)和覆膜(垄覆沟播或全膜覆土穴播)栽培模式的小麦生物量、产量、产量构成,以及籽粒硫含量和硫吸收利用。与不覆膜相比,覆膜栽培提高了小麦穗数,使籽粒产量提高13.7%,但籽粒硫含量却降低9.0%。覆膜栽培能提高旱地小麦开花期地上部硫累积量,茎叶、穗和地上部硫累积总量分别提高19.9%、16.1%和19.2%,并使花后硫转运量和转运率提高36.2%和17.9%,但开花期土壤有效硫却因覆膜降低24.5%,花后硫吸收也降低77.9%,结果使成熟期地上部硫累积总量和硫收获指数未因覆膜而增加。籽粒硫吸收量没能随产量同步提高,致使籽粒硫含量因籽粒产量增加引起的稀释效应而降低。因此,在西北旱地小麦覆膜栽培中要注意加强土壤硫的补充,改善旱地小麦籽粒硫营养,提高小麦的营养和加工品质。

Influence of intranasal medication on the structure of the nasal mucosa

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of intranasal medication on the structure, pathology and reversibility of the nasal mucosa to provide a basis for the feasibility of intranasal route of drug administration. METHODS: Nasal drops of gentamicin were placed in the nasal cavity of rabbits for 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 days. After that, the drops were stopped and drugs protecting the nasomucosa were used for one and three weeks. After being sacrificed over time, the nasomucosa of the rabbit was observed under optical and electron microscopes. RESULTS: Damage to the nasal mucosa appeared to different extents with prolonged use of nasal drops. Within 3 - 7 days of applying the drug, damages to the nasal mucosa gradually appeared, and after two and four weeks, were most serious. After stopping the drug, the nasal mucosa was gradually restored. CONCLUSION: Damages of drugs to the nasal mucosa could be restored. The intranasal route of drug administration would be feasible and clinically applicable.

Influence of intranasal medication on the structure of the nasal mucosa

To study the influence of intranasal medication on the structure, pathology and reversibility of the nasal mucosa to provide a basis for the feasibility of intr anasal route of drug administration Methods Nasal drops of gentamicin were placed in the nasal cavity of rabbits for 3, 5, 7 , 14 and 28 days After that, the drops were stopped and drugs protecting the nasomucosa were used for one and three weeks After being sacrificed over t ime, the nasomucosa of the rabbit was observed under optical and electron micros copes Results Damage to the nasal mucosa appeared to different extents with prolonged use of nasal drops Within 3-7 days of applying the drug, damages to the nasal mucosa gradually appeared, and after two and four weeks, were most serious After stop ping the drug, the nasal mucosa was gradually restored Conclusion Damages of drugs to the nasal mucosa could be restored The intranasal rou te of drug administration would be feasible and clinically applicable