诊断急性心肌梗死（AMI）的两种确定标志物的比较

心肌损伤的确定标志物一般指发病后4～9小时血浆浓度增高并持续数天，对心肌棚伤的敏感性和特异性都较高的生化标志物。目前公认的确定标志物有肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）和肌钙蛋白T（TNT）。本文对我院心血管科32例心肌梗死患者（AMI）和32例健康人进行TNT和CK-MB测定，并对32例AMI患者在心绞痛发作后1h、2h、3h、4h、6h、12h、24h、72h-96h、120h、144h跟踪检测TNT和CK-MB，并作比较，以探讨这两种标志物对心肌梗死患者的论断价值。

不确定随机闭环物流网络的机会约束模型及性质

提出了同时具有随机性和不确定性的闭环物流网络问题。基于机会理论,视具有随机性的参数(产地和销售地之间的单位运输成本)为具有概率分布函数的随机变量,具有不确定性的参数(客户区和销售地之间的单位运输成本及客户需求)为不确定分布的不确定变量。在产销平衡、运费及客户需求的机会约束下,建立了以闭环物流运费(不确定随机变量)的期望最小为目标的闭环物流新模型,称为不确定随机闭环物流网络的机会约束模型。给出了在特殊不确定分布下的模型性质,由此得到与其等价的具体形式。

物块在倾斜匀速运动传送带上的几类运动情景

物块在倾斜传送带上运动问题,常涉及物块达到与传送带共速,共速后物块将如何运动,是学生普遍感到困难的问题,本文列举几种情景进行阐述如下：情景一、物块无初速的放置于顺时针匀速转动的倾斜传送带底端被往上传送.

人眼对物、像的光学感觉

眼睛是心灵的窗户,能拥有一双明眸善睐的慧眼是很多人值得骄傲的事情。然而眼睛更重要的作用是帮助人们获得外界的信息,这就需要眼睛对外界物体获得感知。那么从物理学的角度人眼如何对外界物体进行感知呢?原来,人眼是一个复杂的光学系统,相当于一个凸透镜,如果外界"物体"的光线进入人眼时就会在视膜上(相当于"屏)

无人化起重装卸的目标物实例分割模型研究

不确定目标物自动识别是研发无人化智能起重装卸系统的关键,目前有效的技术是基于深度学习的实例分割。设计了一个融合CNN和Transformer的异构特征信息的模块,以解决当前实例分割主干网络存在的提取图像全局上下文特征信息的能力有限、卷积算子难以对感受野的长程相关性进行建模、以及识别纹理特征单一目标时缺乏足够的深度线索等问题。通过利用Transformer建模全局依赖关系,并与CNN提取局部信息的能力相融合;然后通过引入Dense RepPoints检测网络构建了针对不确定目标物的实例分割网络,实现准确分割且能分割其不同表面。应用实验结果表明本方法具有达到很好的实例分割效果,AP达到98.82%、mIoU达到91.89%,分别比目前同类的研究成果提升了4.95%和5.42%。

心肌损伤标志物检验的临床应用

正确选择心肌损伤标志物，对AMI早期能够及时诊断、有效治疗、减少误诊和漏诊、减少其并发症具有重要意义。几十年来，诊断急性心肌梗死（AMI）的金标准一直是动态测定某些酶的活性。近几年来，一些新的心肌损伤标志物指标，特别是心肌肌钙蛋白（CTn T/I）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）和肌红蛋白（Myo），对心肌损伤有高度的敏感性和特异性，已较为普遍地使用，但在基层应用较晚。另外如B型钠尿肽（BNP）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）等也应用渐为普遍。由于众多的标志物各具特点，在临床应用中常常会一时难以筛选出理想的标志物。现对心肌损伤标志物的临床应用作一综述。

生鲜产品基于时变需求与物流服务不确定性的供应链协调

生鲜产品面临新鲜度变化产生的时变需求与物流服务不确定性的双重压力,供应链与物流服务高效协同以制定最优化的运营策略尤为关键.文章通过构建Stackelberg博弈模型,基于消费者时变效用函数分析了生鲜供应商与零售商的定价,保鲜策略以及物流不确定性对供应链的影响.探讨了集中决策与分散决策下生鲜供应链的协调问题.研究发现:从供应链整体看,当考虑物流不确定性时,供应链效率明显降低;从供应商看,当物流不确定性水平较低时,基准情形(不存在物流不确定性)下利润更大.而当物流不确定性超过某一阈值时,会带来正向需求的增加从而使得供应商利润更大;从零售商看,当产品销售期较短时,存在物流不确定时利润大于基准情形,当产品销售期较长时,基准情形利润更高;当收益共享比例越高时,生鲜供应链效率越大且不断逼近100%,说明收益共享契约能实现供应链协调.

质量不应分成惯性质量和引力质量

现在流行的力学理论都把质量定义为物体惯性大小的量度,即是通过量度一定力作用下的物体加速度的大小来确定物体质量的大小。这就有一个疑问:究竟是先定义质量再建立牛顿第二定律α=F/m,还是先承认α=F/m成立,再定义式中的m为质量?也就是说,究竟质量是否由牛顿第二定律来定义的。可以说,现行的质量定义是由α=F/m定义的。

西方主要国家所有权的演化:趋势与前景

在主要资本主义国家中,所有权制度的演化情况具有两方面的意义。首先这种演化反映国家垄断资本主义时期资产阶级社会生产关系中占中心地位的一些财产关系的法律规定性的需求和变化。其次,与这一演化相联系的。

Mothers overcoming remorse to care for self and baby:An emerging concept

Objectives:Mothers with substance use disorder(SUD)experience a range of emotions such as feeling ostracized,diminished,and distressed while watching their baby experience withdrawal from substances.Being fully present in the now moment is to trust self to do what is best by moving beyond perceived boundaries to care for self and baby.The process of concept building arose from nursing practice encounters in a special care nursery(SCN)for babies who experienced withdrawal from substances.Method:Liehr and Smith’s 10-phase concept building approach was used to guide the development of this concept.Concept building began with a practice story.The emerging concept was named,core qualities identified,and supported through a literature review.The middle range theory of uncertainty in illness was chosen to serve as theoretical support for the concept.A model was created to provide clarity on the relationships within the concept.Result:A mini-saga was gathered from a mother in the SCN whose newborn had experienced withdrawal from substances.The minisaga follows:Due to the baby’s discomfort and judging eyes of the staff,she was unable to mother her baby.As the baby recovered,she asked for help,comforted her baby,and gained confidence to move beyond perceived boundaries to become the mother she envisioned.Overcoming perceived boundaries to attend to self and baby is trusting oneself to do what is best in spite of feeling ostracized,diminished,and distressed while watching baby withdraw from substances.Conclusion:This concept provides the perspective of mothers with SUD through intermodernism from experiences in nursing practice.The Uncertainty in Illness theory further allows practitioners to gain an understanding of the role uncertainty plays in this unique situation.

Sources of uncertainty in exploring rangeland phenology： A case study in an alpine meadow on the central Tibetan Plateau

Global climate change has been found to substantially influence the phenology of rangeland,especially on the Tibetan Plateau. However, there is considerable controversy about the trends and causes of rangeland phenology owing to different phenological exploration methods and lack of ground validation. Little is known about the uncertainty in the exploration accuracy of vegetation phenology.Therefore, in this study, we selected a typical alpine rangeland near Damxung national meteorological station as a case study on central Tibetan Plateau, and identified several important sources influencing phenology to better understand their effects on phenological exploration. We found man-made land use was not easily distinguished from natural rangelands, and therefore this may confound phenological response to climate change in the rangeland. Change trends of phenology explored by four methods were similar, but ratio threshold method(RTM) was more suitable for exploring vegetation phenology in terms of the beginning of growing season(BGS) and end of growing season(EGS). However, some adjustments are needed when RTM is used in extreme drought years. MODIS NDVI/EVI dataset was most suitable for exploring vegetation phenology of BGS and EGS. The discrimination capacities of vegetation phenology declined with decreasing resolution of remote sensing images from MODIS to GIMMS AVHRR datasets. Additionally, distinct trends of phenological change rates were indicated in different terrain conditions, with advance of growing season in high altitudes but delay of season in lower altitudes. Therefore, it was necessary to eliminate interference of complex terrain and man-made land use to ensure the representativeness of natural vegetation. Moreover, selecting the appropriate method to explore rangelands and fully considering the impact of topography are important to accurately analyze the effects of climate change on vegetation phenology.

A Phenomenological Constitutive Law for the Description of Nonlinear Post-yield Behaviour of Glassy Polymers under Different Strain Rate

In this study, a modelization of the viscoplastic behaviour of amorphous polymers is proposed, from an approach originally developed for metals behaviour at high temperature, in which state variable constitutive equations have been modified. The model includes the effect of strain rate sensitivity, strain softening and strain hardening. A procedure for the identification of model parameters is developed through the use of experimental data from uniaxial tests extracted from the literature, across a variety of strain rates and below the glass transition temperature ( Tg). The numerical algorithm shows that the predictions of this model well describe the intrinsic softening upon yield threshold and the subsequent progressive orientational hardening typical for amorphous glassy polymers.

A New Energy Concept

According to the uncertainties in the results and the wide diversity of how to approach the subject, a new concept for energy is proposed： Energy is an exchange between two different concentrations, the concentration of time in space outside what we call matter and the concentrated phase of time in matter space which is the matter itself. The concept of motion for energy is replaced by time-space interactions with time taken as solid matter. Motion enhances the exchange between the mass and its surrounding time in space, annihilation and creation are special forms of this exchange. During the motion of a mass, it increases as a result of this dissolution. Time concentration in Fock space is responsible for the collision phenomena in physics. In this paper, a new mathematical operator （the equal operator） is introduced.

（Anti-）de Sitter Black Hole Entropy and Generalized Uncertainty Principle

We generalize the method that is used to study corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle and discuss corrections to Cardy-Verlinde formula due to generalized uncertainty principle in （anti）- de Sitter space. Because in de Sitter black hole spacetime the radiation temperature of the black hole horizon is different from the one of the cosmological horizon, this spacetime is a thermodynamical non-equilibrium spacetime.

A robust multi-objective and multi-physics optimization of multi-physics behavior of microstructure

A new strategy is presented to solve robust multi-physics multi-objective optimization problem known as improved multi-objective collaborative optimization （IMOCO） and its extension improved multi-objective robust collaborative （IMORCO）. In this work, the proposed IMORCO approach combined the IMOCO method, the worst possible point （WPP） constraint cuts and the Genetic algorithm NSGA-II type as an optimizer in order to solve the robust optimization problem of multi-physics of microstructures with uncertainties. The optimization problem is hierarchically decomposed into two levels： a microstructure level, and a disciplines levels, For validation purposes, two examples were selected： a numerical example, and an engineering example of capacitive micro machined ultrasonic transducers （CMUT） type. The obtained results are compared with those obtained from robust non-distributed and distributed optimization approach, non-distributed multi-objective robust optimization （NDMORO） and multi-objective collaborative robust optimization （McRO）, respectively. Results obtained from the application of the IMOCO approach to an optimization problem of a CMUT cell have reduced the CPU time by 44% ensuring a Pareto front close to the reference non-distributed multi-objective optimization （NDMO） approach （mahalanobis distance, D2M =0.9503 and overall spread, So=0.2309）. In addition, the consideration of robustness in IMORCO approach applied to a CMUT cell of optimization problem under interval uncertainty has reduced the CPU time by 23% keeping a robust Pareto front overlaps with that obtained by the robust NDMORO approach （D2M =10.3869 and So=0.0537）.

A Study on the Prediction Method of Strong Earthquakes Based on Dynamic Seismicity Patterns with Dynamic Implications

Seismic gap method is one of the effective earthquake prediction methods using seismicity patterns. However, this method has some limitations and uncertainty when using it singly in predicting earthquakes. This paper puts forward the prediction method using the dynamic seismicity pattern with dynamic implications. This method considers the formation and evolution of the seismic gap on the basis of plate movement and structural characteristics. Through analysis of 26 cases of earthquakes of MS≥5.0 occurring in East China and South China, this paper obtains the relationship between the main shock with seismic gap and active fault's location, as well as the relationship between the seismic gap and location and strike of active faults. Meanwhile, this paper provides a dynamic explanation of the differences in the formation and evolution patterns of the seismic gap between the two regions, thus providing the physical basis for and reducing the uncertainty of predicting earthquakes using the seismic gap method.

Robust reliable H_∞ control for a class of uncertain time-delay systems

This paper deals with the problem of robust reliable H∞ control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with time-varying delays and actuator failures. The uncertainties in the system are norm-bounded and time-varying. Based on Lyapunov methods, a sufficient condition on quadratic stabilization independent of delay is obtained. With the help of LMIs (linear matrix inequalities) approaches, a linear state feedback controller is designed to quadratically stabilize the given systems with a H∞ performance constraint of disturbance attenuation for all admissible uncertainties and all actuator failures occurred within the prespecified subset. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effect of the proposed design approach.

MORPHOTECTONICS OF THE BASEMENT SURFACE OF THE WEST SIBERIAN BASIN WITHIN NADYM-TAZ INTERFLUVE

The map of reflecting horizon A, plotted on the basis of regional geophysical materials, yieldsinformation about the bottom topography of sedimentary cover of the West-Siberian Basin within Nadym-Taz interfluve. Through morphotectonic analysis about this surface, the authors are able tounderstand the distribution characteristics of the main topographic irregularities, with the blockstructure of the lower cover floors and underlying complexes as the focus.The largest irregularities are caused by the presence of three regional altitude steps, which show a regional tendency of basement being submerged in the north-north-east direction. Within these irregularities, the authors have distinguished some regions, which can be divided, based on the characteristics of morphostructural distribution, into two groups, i.e., areal (Nadym, Tol'ka, Urengoy)and belt (Tarko-Sale, Russko-Chasel'ka and Messoyakha). The first ones represent quasihomogeneous blocks, whose surfaces are complicated by irregular low-amplitude elevations and troughs and low-gradient zones with gradient values being up to 0.03, or they submerge stepwise, with the leveled areas being separated by zones with high gradients (0.07-0.15). The morphostructure of the other group of regions is characterized by the en-echelon distribution of contrastingly positive and negative elements with high values of slope gradients (higher than 0.1-0.2).

温肾降浊散治疗大鼠C-BSA肾炎模型的代谢组学研究

目的:通过代谢组学方法探究温肾降浊散治疗大鼠阳离子化牛血清白蛋白(C-BSA)肾炎模型的作用机理。方法:以GC-MS法测定温肾降浊散治疗前后C-BSA肾炎模型大鼠血清中内源性代谢产物,计算其含量变化,结合主成分分析法对这一变化过程进行模式识别。结果:确定了血清中39种代谢产物,经方法学考察,其精密度良好,制备后的样品在12 h内稳定,方法重复性良好。对内源性代谢物数据进行PCA主成分分析、OPLS-DA分析和t检验分析,确定了15个具有显著贡献率的潜在生物标记物;与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清中乳酸、苹果酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、1-磷酸肌醇、胆固醇、2-单棕榈酸甘油酯、1-单硬脂酸甘油酯的相对峰面积均明显升高,L-亮氨酸、L-缬氨酸、氨基丙二酸则有所降低,硬脂酸与花生酸则无明显变化;与模型组比较,温肾降浊散组大鼠血清中乳酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、1-磷酸肌醇、胆固醇、2-单棕榈酸甘油酯、1-单硬脂酸甘油酯的相对峰面积均有回落,L-亮氨酸、L-缬氨酸、氨基丙二酸则有所回升,而苹果酸、硬脂酸与花生酸则无明显变化。结论:温肾降浊散可通过改善肾小球通透性,提高自由氨基酸浓度及肾脏清除率等方式来调节机体脂代谢、氨基酸代谢和糖代谢紊乱,进而使肾脏恢复正常功能。

怎样解答光学作图题

光学作图题是专门用来考查学生对各类光学元件的光学性质、光路特点的掌握情况和灵活运用的能力。目前出现的题型主要有如下三类: 第一类,已知透镜性质,通过作图确定物像之间的关系,如确定观察范围、确定像或物的大小、位置等。第二类,黑盒问题,已知盒外入射光线、射出光线的方向,判断盒内光学元件的性质、位置及组合方式等。