基于直接数值模拟的涡环碰撞过程涡结构分析

涡环间的碰撞涉及复杂的多层级涡结构拓扑关系和涡量转移机理.深入研究该模型,有助于揭示涡结构之间相互作用过程所包含的机理.区别于现有研究一般专注于涡环小尺度次级结构的瞬态演化,本研究使用基于一种改进的SIMPLE算法的直接数值模拟,结合整体动态演变与其涡结构细节对涡环碰撞模型进行分析.基于高分辨率网格,分析了在不同雷诺数下涡环碰撞后由涡重联分裂出的次级涡结构.研究表明,涡环碰撞过程伴随着复杂的涡结构拓扑变化,如高涡量区域的偏转及涡丝间的此消彼长.在碰撞时,环本身的不稳定性导致了局部接触后分裂出沿方位角规律分布的次级涡环.而次级结构本身随流场雷诺数的增加呈现出从无到有、从近似圆环状到湍流态的转变.最后,对多雷诺数下的涡拟能曲线进行横向比较以反映碰撞对流场的整体涡流强度影响.结果表明,雷诺数的提高对涡拟能的调控整体表现为初始时刻耗散速率降低;因碰撞而抬升的峰值提高;峰值对应的时间点先延后再前移.本研究基于直接数值模拟展示了涡结构演化的偏转、重联、湍流化等特征,揭示了雷诺数对涡环碰撞的部分调控机制,对复杂流动的涡系演化机理研究有启示作用.

利用短距离碰撞效应的高效燃油雾化系统

提出了利用超短距离碰撞效应促进燃料雾化、快速形成高质量混合气的方法。据此研制了适合于直喷式柴油机的新型燃油雾化系统。并采用燃油喷雾可视化测试装置,对新型燃油雾化系统的喷雾特性进行了研究,分别获取了燃油油束的外观图像和油束断面的构成图像。结果表明,该燃油雾化系统能够快速形成分布均匀的可燃混合气。带冲击槽内壁面的碰撞喷雾,燃油喷射时间为0.6 ms时,油束中心已经有油雾存在,无油雾区域明显减少;随着喷射时间的延续,当喷射时间为1.0 ms时,油束中心基本充满较浓的油雾;在喷射后期,油束中心与周边主流已融为一体,构成更均匀的燃油油束。

Platinum Nanoparticle-based Collision Electrochemistry for Rapid Detection of Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients worldwide and one of the major challenges in treating cancer.Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis.However,the content of CTCs in peripheral blood is minimal,so the detection of CTCs in real samples is extremely challenging.Therefore,efficient enrichment and early detection of CTCs are essential to achieve timely diagnosis of diseases.In this work,we constructed an innovative and sensitive single-nanoparticle collision electrochemistry(SNCE)biosensor for the detection of MCF-7 cells(human breast cancer cells)by immunomagnetic separation technique and liposome signal amplification strategy.Liposomes embedded with platinum nanoparticles(Pt NPs)were used as signal probes,and homemade gold ultramicroelectrodes(Au UME)were used as the working electrodes.The effective collision between Pt NPs and UME would produce distinguishable step-type current.MCF-7 cells were accurately quantified according to the relationship between cell concentration and collision frequency(the number of step-type currents generated per unit time),realizing highly sensitive and specific detection of MCF-7 cells.The SNCE biosensor has a linear range of 10 cells·mL^(-1)to 10^(5) cells·mL^(-1)with a detection limit as low as 5 cells·mL^(-1).In addition,the successful detection of MCF-7 cells in complex samples showed that the SNCE biosensors have great potential for patient sample detection.

Radial Based Probabilistic Roadmap Motion Planning Method in Sparse Environment

A new dynamic path planning method in high dimensional workspace, radial based probabilistic roadmap motion (RBPRM) planning method, is presented. Different from general probabilistic roadmap motion planning methods, it uses straight lines as long as possible to construct a path graph, so the final path obtained from the graph is relatively shorter and straighter. Experimental results show the efficiency of the algorithm in finding shorter paths in sparse environment.

Collision avoidance planning in multi-robot system based on improved artificial potential field and rules

For real-time and distributed features of multi-robot system,the strategy of combining the improved artificial potential field method and the rules based on priority is proposed to study the collision avoidance planning in multi-robot systems. The improved artificial potential field based on simulated annealing algorithm satisfactorily overcomes the drawbacks of traditional artificial potential field method,so that robots can find a local collision-free path in the complex environment. According to the movement vector trail of robots,collisions between robots can be detected,thereby the collision avoidance rules can be obtained. Coordination between robots by the priority based rules improves the real-time property of multi-robot system. The combination of these two methods can help a robot to find a collision-free path from a starting point to the goal quickly in an environment with many obstacles. The feasibility of the proposed method is validated in the VC-based simulated environment.

Sea battle-filed simulation based on Vega

To study battle-field simulation methods based on Vega,a virtual battle-field simulated by an imaginary combat happened on the sea was designed. The simulation framework in the sea battle-filed included helicopter simulation,fire simulation, collision detection and detonation, and simulation of dynamic sea surface. The method to build the simulation environments and actions to them was discussed. And the simulation experiments were conducted.,It is indicated that the simulated sea battle-field based on Vega is feasible and helpful for forces and battle-field.

Linkage of Aromatic Ring Structures in Saturates, Aromatics, Resins and Asphaltenes Fractions of Vacuum Residues Determined by Collision-Induced Dissociation Technology

The linkage of aromatic ring structures in vacuum residues was important for the refining process. The Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) combined with collision-induced dissociation(CID) is a powerful method to characterize the molecular structure of petroleum fractions. In this work, model compounds with different aromatic ring structures were measured by CID FT-ICR MS. The cracking of the parent ions and the generated fragment ions were able to distinguish different linkage of the model compounds. Then, vacuum residues were separated into saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes fractions(SARA), and each fraction was characterized by CID technology. According to the experimental results, the aromatic rings in saturates and aromatics fractions were mainly of the island-type structures, while the aromatic rings in resins and asphaltenes fractions had a significant amount of archipelago-type structures.

Petrogenesis of the concealed Daqiling intrusion in Guangxi and its tectonic significance: Constraints from geochemistry, zircon U-Pb dating and Nd-Hf isotopic compositions

The samples from the hidden Daqiling muscovite monzonite granite, which has recently been recognized within the Limu Sn-polymetallic ore field, have been analyzed for zircon U-Pb ages and whole rock geochemical and Nd-Hf isotopic compositions to discuss its genesis, source, and tectonic setting. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the granite crystallized in the late Indosinian（224.8±1.6 Ma）. The granite is enriched in SiO2 and K2 O and low in CaO and Na2 O. It is strongly peraluminous with the A/CNK values of 1.09–1.20 and 1.4 vol%–2.7 vol% normal corundum. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns show slightly right-dipping shape with strongly negative Eu anomalies（δEu =0.08–0.17）. All samples show enrichment of LILEs（Cs, Rb and K） and HFSEs（U, Pb, Ce and Hf）, but have relatively low contents of Ba, Sr and Ti. The zircon saturation temperatures（Tzr） are from 711 to 740°C, which are slightly lower than the average value of typical S-type granite（764°C）. The granite has negative εNd（t） and εHf（t） values, which change from ？9.1 to ？10.1 with the peak values of ？9.2 to ？9.0 and from ？3.7 to ？12.6 with the peak values of ？6 to ？5, respectively. The C DMT（Nd） and C DMT（Hf） values are 1.74–1.82 Ga with the peak values of 1.73–1.75 Ga and 1.49–2.04 Ga with the peak values of 1.5–1.6 Ga, respectively. These characteristics reveal that the source region of the granite is dominantly late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic crustal materials. Seven inherited magmatic zircons are dated at the age of 248.6±4.3 Ma, which suggests the existence of the early Indosinian granite in Limu area. These zircons have the εHf（t） values of ？6.7– ？2.3, similar to those of the Daqiling granite, implying the involvement of the early Indosinian granite during the formation of the Daqiling granite. Inherited zircon of 945±11 Ma has the εHf（t） and TDM（Hf） values of 8.7 and 1.14 Ga, respectively, compatible with those of the Neoproterozoic arc magmatic rocks in the eastern Jiangnan orogenic belt. Therefore we inferred that Neoproterozoic arc magma might have been involved in the formation of the Daqiling granite, and that the Neoproterozoic arc magma belt and continent-arc collision belt between the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks might have extended westsouthward to Limu region. It is proposed that the underplating of mantle materials triggered by crustal extension and thinning resulted in partial melting of crustal materials to form the Daqiling granite in the late Indosinian under post-collisional tectonic setting.