碱液浸提浓度对芸豆淀粉理化特性的影响

以黑龙江绥化地区产红芸豆为原料,通过干磨结合碱浸提工艺方法制备了芸豆淀粉,并探讨不同碱液浓度对红芸豆淀粉理化特性的影响。结果表明:当碱液浸提浓度为0.20%时,淀粉产率高达24.59%,水分含量为12.62%,蛋白残留率为0.14%,脂肪含量为0.15%,灰分含量为0.16%;透光率达5.6%;90℃下,淀粉溶解度为8.94%,膨胀度为20.27 g·g-1;连续冻融5周期后,淀粉析水率为36.11%;随着水分活度的增加,淀粉的水分吸附率呈现先上升缓慢后快速增加的趋势。

碱液浸提法制备硫酸软骨素的工艺优化

采用碱液浸提法对鱿鱼软骨中硫酸软骨素的提取工艺进行研究。以硫酸软骨素得率为评价指标,通过对影响硫酸软骨素得率的因素进行单因素试验和响应面优化试验确定最佳工艺参数。结果表明,碱液浸提的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1∶8(g/m L)、浸提温度50℃、浸提时间5.3 h,NaOH浓度3%。在此条件下,鱿鱼软骨中硫酸软骨素得率为62.89%。

微波辅助碱液提取仙草多糖

研究微波辅助碱液提取仙草多糖的工艺条件。考虑沸水浴时间、碱液浓度、料液比和微波处理时间4个因素对仙草粗多糖提取率的影响,通过单因素试验选择各因素较理想的4个水平,再通过正交试验优化工艺参数。结果表明:碱液浓度是提高仙草多糖提取率的最显著因素,其次是料液比,微波处理时间和沸水浴时间对提取率的影响相对较小。在微波功率400W条件下,碱液浓度0.125mol/L、微波时间90s、料液比1:35(mg/mL)、水浸提1h时仙草粗多糖提取率最高,达到43.84%。

葛根饮料工艺研究

采用碱液浸提有效成份和酶法水解淀粉的工艺 ,生产出均一稳定的葛根饮料。正交试验结果表明 ,淀粉液化条件为 :液化温度 95℃ ,p H6.5,淀粉酶用量 1 5u/g淀粉 ,时间 96min。

杜仲翅果蛋白质提取研究

以杜仲翅果籽粕为原料，采用单因素试验和正交试验，对碱液法提取杜仲翅果蛋白的工艺条件进行了探讨。测得杜仲翅果蛋白质等电点为pH3．8，加入0．3％Na2SO3可有效抑制提取液的褐变。碱液法浸提杜仲翅果蛋白质的优化工艺条件为：浸提液pH为9，料液比为1：20，浸提温度45℃。浸提时间90min。浸提3次。在此条件下，杜仲翅果蛋白提取率可达89．17％，所得产品的蛋白质含量达94．5％。

Effect of Potato Extract on its Phenolic Metabolism,SAGs Accumulation and Allelopathic Autotoxicity

[Objective] The paper was to study the effect of potato extract on its phenolic metabolism,SAGs accumulation and allelopathic autotoxicity.[Method] With water treatment as control,the effects of aqueous extracts of potato bud,leaf-stem and tuber on its morphological characteristics,phenolic metabolism,glycoside alkaloids accumulation and allelopathic autotoxicity were studied.[Result] After the treatment of aqueous extract,the germination rate of potato reduced,germination was delayed,the plants became smaller,and the growth of root slowed down;the content of phenolic substances in roots,stems and leaves of potato increased,glycoside alkaloids accumulated,the activity of PPO and PAL increased.The effects of aqueous extract treatment on germination,growth,phenolic metabolism,glycoside alkaloid content and allelopathic autotoxicity successively were bud extractleaf-stem extracttuber extractcontrol.Treatment of aqueous extract did not affect the distribution of phenolic substances and glycosidic alkaloid in potato.[Conclusion] Phenolic substances and glycosidic alkaloid involved in the allelopathic autotoxicity of aqueous extract of potato,which had inhibition effect on germination and growth of potato.

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中的总碘

采用碱液热浸提法处理土壤样品,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定土壤中碘元素的总量。对前处理的3大参数——碱度、温度和时间进行试验摸索,得出适用于土壤的最佳浸提条件。测定结果显示,该方法的线性范围为0~500μg/L,线性相关系数0.999 8,方法检出限0.12μg/g,加标回收率为91.0%~104%,RSD均小于5%。综上,该法是一种能够快速、灵敏、准确地测定土壤样品中碘元素的先进方法。