Objective: To investigate the death mode of human hepatoma cells exposed to matrine and the role of glutathione (GSH) and cytochrome c. Methods: The MTT test and Cell Death Detection ELISA were used to identify cell d...Objective: To investigate the death mode of human hepatoma cells exposed to matrine and the role of glutathione (GSH) and cytochrome c. Methods: The MTT test and Cell Death Detection ELISA were used to identify cell death mode and viability of cells exposed to matrine. The volume of intracellular GSH was detected by GSH reductase. Finally Western blotting was chosen to analyze the expression of cytochrome c and Caspase-9 in HepG2 cells treated by matrine. Results: The apop-totic cell death induced by matrine in Hep G2 cells dramatically increased in the time-, dose-dependent manner. Matrine can exhaust intracellular GSH effectively to change the redox state in cells. Furthermore it affect the cytotoxicity of matrine. Re-sults of Western blotting showed that matrine induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytoplasm, and then stimulate the cleavage of Caspase-9 in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion: Matrine induced apoptosis in Hep G2 cells through the mitochondrial pathway, and oxidative stress via depletion of GSH is directly involved in the apoptotic process.展开更多
AIM： To determine the fasting plasma carnitine ester in patients with celiac disease. METHODS： We determined the fasting plasma carnitine ester profile using ESI triple quadrupol mass spectrometry in 33 adult patien...AIM： To determine the fasting plasma carnitine ester in patients with celiac disease. METHODS： We determined the fasting plasma carnitine ester profile using ESI triple quadrupol mass spectrometry in 33 adult patients with biopsy-confirmed maturity onset celiac disease maintained on long term gluten free diet. RESULTS： The level of free camibine did not differ as the celiac disease patients were compared with the healthy controls, whereas the acetylcarnitine level was markedly reduced （4.703± 0.205 vs 10.227 ± 0.368 nmol/mL, P〈0.01）. The level of propionylcarnitine was 61.5%, butyrylcarnitine 56.9%, hexanoylcarnitine 75%, octanoylcarnitine 71.1%, octenoylcarnitine 52.1%, decanoylcarnitine 73.1%, cecenoylcarnitine 58.3%, lauroylcarnitine 61.5%, miristoylcarnitine 66.7%, miristoleylcarnitine 62.5% and oleylcarnitine 81.1% in the celiac disease patients compared to the control values, respectively （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION： The marked decrease of circulating acetylcarnitine with 50-80 % decrease of 11 other carnitine esters shows that the carnitine ester metabolism can be influenced even in clinically asymptomatic and well being adult celiac disease patients, and gluten withdrawal alone does not necessarily normalize all elements of the disturbed carnitine homeostasis.展开更多
The present study aims to clarify the protective effect of supplementation with some antioxidants,such as idebenone(200 mg/kg,ip),melatonin(10 mg/kg,ip) and arginine(200 mg/kg,ip) and their combination,on liver functi...The present study aims to clarify the protective effect of supplementation with some antioxidants,such as idebenone(200 mg/kg,ip),melatonin(10 mg/kg,ip) and arginine(200 mg/kg,ip) and their combination,on liver function(T.protein,albumin,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase),energetic parameters(adenosine triphosphate,adenosine diphosphate,adenosine monophosphate,inorganic phosphate,total adenylate,adenylate energy charge and potential phosphate).The effect on glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes(glucose,glycogen,glycogen phosphorylase,pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase against hypoxia) was also studied.The drugs were administered 24 and 1 h prior sodium nitrite intoxication.All biochemical parameters were estimated 1 h after sodium nitrite injection.Injection of sodium nitrite(75 mg/kg,sc) produced a significant disturbance in all biochemical parameters of liver function,energetic parameters and glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes.Hepatic damage was confirmed by histopathological examination of the liver as compared to controls.The marked changes in hepatic cells induced by sodium nitrite were completely abolished by pretreatment with the drug combination,suggesting potential protection against sodium nitrite-induced hypoxia.It could be concluded that a combination of both idebenone and melatonin or idebenone and arginine provides potential protection against sodium nitrite-induced hypoxia by improving biochemical parameters and preserving liver histology.展开更多
Objective Chemotherapy may cause drug-induced liver damage and studying the effectiveness of hepatoprotective substances in the clinical context is still warranted. We assessed the effectiveness of three commonly use...Objective Chemotherapy may cause drug-induced liver damage and studying the effectiveness of hepatoprotective substances in the clinical context is still warranted. We assessed the effectiveness of three commonly used natural substances for liver protection in East Asia. Methods： Retrospectively, we collected all medical records during a period of three years of cancer patients that underwent chemotherapy treatment and received glutathione, magnesium isoglicyrrhyzinate or polyene phosphatidylcholine at a Chinese integrative medicine hospital. Liver enzymes before and after one treatment cycle were detected. Paired t-test, chi-square, Snedcor＇s F distribution and ANOVA were used to analyze data. Results： 98 individuals were eligible for inclusion. After treatment, in the glutathione group, there were lower values in alanine aminotransferase （P 〈 0.05） and aspartate aminotransferase （P 〈 0.05）. There was also a lower level of liver injury in patients （P 〈 0.05）. In the magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group there were lower values in total protein （P 〈 0.05）, alkaline phosphatase （P 〈 0.05） and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase values （P 〈 0.05）. There was also a lower level of liver injury in patients after treatment （P 〈 0.05）. In the polyene phosphatidylcholine group, there were no lower values of interest, including those of liver injury in patients （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Glutathione and magnesium isoglicyrrhyzinate may be similarly effective in preserving liver function and preventing drug-induced liver injury in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Polyene phosphatidylcholine may have no significant activity in protecting liver function and preventing drug-induced liver injury in advanced cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Since elevated glutathione levels may increase the antioxidant capacity and the resistance to oxidative stress by cancer cells, it is plausible to conclude that maintenance of high intracellular levels of glutathione could be critical for metastatic cells growth.展开更多
Four wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars 711, PBW343, 3765 and WH542 were screened for studying variations in glycinebetaine （GB） content and plant dry mass under 100 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. A tolerance index was...Four wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars 711, PBW343, 3765 and WH542 were screened for studying variations in glycinebetaine （GB） content and plant dry mass under 100 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. A tolerance index was calculated using plant dry mass data to select salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive types and find association between tolerance index and GB content. Tolerance index has been used as a good criterion to select the tolerant types under high salinity stress. Further, physiological differences in salt-tolerant cultivar 711 and salt-sensitive cultivar WH542 were examined. The salt-tolerant cultivar exhibited greater CB content, which was found correlative with ethylene. The cultivar also showed higher nitrogen （N） content and nitrate reductase activity, reduced glutathione and higher redox state resulting in maximal protection of plant dry mass than the salt-sensitive type. Thus, the content of CB may be considered as important physiological criteria for selecting salt-tolerant wheat types.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Sharbat-e-Deenar(SD) on acetaminophen(APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rat model.METHODS: Albino rats were treated with SD at the doses of 1, 2 and 4 mL/kg, p.o. against hepatoto...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Sharbat-e-Deenar(SD) on acetaminophen(APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rat model.METHODS: Albino rats were treated with SD at the doses of 1, 2 and 4 mL/kg, p.o. against hepatotoxicity after APAP(2 g/kg, p.o. once only) intoxication.The blood, tissue biochemical parameters and histopathological observation were performed. The RESULTS: APAP exposure in rats significantly increased the level of biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, urea and creatinine into blood circulation which were reversed towards normal by SD therapy at all doses. The tissue biochemical parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, adenosine tri-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase were significantly restored after SD treatment against hepatotoxity. Histological analysis confirmed that SD-treated rats significantly alleviated of liver damage and reduced lesions caused by APAP intoxication. The biochemical changes are in good correlation with the histopathological observations.CONCLUSION: On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that SD exerts hepatoprotective activity against APAP-induced liver injury.展开更多
基金the Chinese Traditional Medicine Founda-tion of Zhejiang (No. 2007CB184)
文摘Objective: To investigate the death mode of human hepatoma cells exposed to matrine and the role of glutathione (GSH) and cytochrome c. Methods: The MTT test and Cell Death Detection ELISA were used to identify cell death mode and viability of cells exposed to matrine. The volume of intracellular GSH was detected by GSH reductase. Finally Western blotting was chosen to analyze the expression of cytochrome c and Caspase-9 in HepG2 cells treated by matrine. Results: The apop-totic cell death induced by matrine in Hep G2 cells dramatically increased in the time-, dose-dependent manner. Matrine can exhaust intracellular GSH effectively to change the redox state in cells. Furthermore it affect the cytotoxicity of matrine. Re-sults of Western blotting showed that matrine induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytoplasm, and then stimulate the cleavage of Caspase-9 in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion: Matrine induced apoptosis in Hep G2 cells through the mitochondrial pathway, and oxidative stress via depletion of GSH is directly involved in the apoptotic process.
基金Supported by the grant of Hungarian Science Foundation OTKA T 35026, T 49589 by the grant of Ministry of Health ETT 325/2003
文摘AIM： To determine the fasting plasma carnitine ester in patients with celiac disease. METHODS： We determined the fasting plasma carnitine ester profile using ESI triple quadrupol mass spectrometry in 33 adult patients with biopsy-confirmed maturity onset celiac disease maintained on long term gluten free diet. RESULTS： The level of free camibine did not differ as the celiac disease patients were compared with the healthy controls, whereas the acetylcarnitine level was markedly reduced （4.703± 0.205 vs 10.227 ± 0.368 nmol/mL, P〈0.01）. The level of propionylcarnitine was 61.5%, butyrylcarnitine 56.9%, hexanoylcarnitine 75%, octanoylcarnitine 71.1%, octenoylcarnitine 52.1%, decanoylcarnitine 73.1%, cecenoylcarnitine 58.3%, lauroylcarnitine 61.5%, miristoylcarnitine 66.7%, miristoleylcarnitine 62.5% and oleylcarnitine 81.1% in the celiac disease patients compared to the control values, respectively （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION： The marked decrease of circulating acetylcarnitine with 50-80 % decrease of 11 other carnitine esters shows that the carnitine ester metabolism can be influenced even in clinically asymptomatic and well being adult celiac disease patients, and gluten withdrawal alone does not necessarily normalize all elements of the disturbed carnitine homeostasis.
文摘The present study aims to clarify the protective effect of supplementation with some antioxidants,such as idebenone(200 mg/kg,ip),melatonin(10 mg/kg,ip) and arginine(200 mg/kg,ip) and their combination,on liver function(T.protein,albumin,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase),energetic parameters(adenosine triphosphate,adenosine diphosphate,adenosine monophosphate,inorganic phosphate,total adenylate,adenylate energy charge and potential phosphate).The effect on glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes(glucose,glycogen,glycogen phosphorylase,pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase against hypoxia) was also studied.The drugs were administered 24 and 1 h prior sodium nitrite intoxication.All biochemical parameters were estimated 1 h after sodium nitrite injection.Injection of sodium nitrite(75 mg/kg,sc) produced a significant disturbance in all biochemical parameters of liver function,energetic parameters and glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes.Hepatic damage was confirmed by histopathological examination of the liver as compared to controls.The marked changes in hepatic cells induced by sodium nitrite were completely abolished by pretreatment with the drug combination,suggesting potential protection against sodium nitrite-induced hypoxia.It could be concluded that a combination of both idebenone and melatonin or idebenone and arginine provides potential protection against sodium nitrite-induced hypoxia by improving biochemical parameters and preserving liver histology.
文摘Objective Chemotherapy may cause drug-induced liver damage and studying the effectiveness of hepatoprotective substances in the clinical context is still warranted. We assessed the effectiveness of three commonly used natural substances for liver protection in East Asia. Methods： Retrospectively, we collected all medical records during a period of three years of cancer patients that underwent chemotherapy treatment and received glutathione, magnesium isoglicyrrhyzinate or polyene phosphatidylcholine at a Chinese integrative medicine hospital. Liver enzymes before and after one treatment cycle were detected. Paired t-test, chi-square, Snedcor＇s F distribution and ANOVA were used to analyze data. Results： 98 individuals were eligible for inclusion. After treatment, in the glutathione group, there were lower values in alanine aminotransferase （P 〈 0.05） and aspartate aminotransferase （P 〈 0.05）. There was also a lower level of liver injury in patients （P 〈 0.05）. In the magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group there were lower values in total protein （P 〈 0.05）, alkaline phosphatase （P 〈 0.05） and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase values （P 〈 0.05）. There was also a lower level of liver injury in patients after treatment （P 〈 0.05）. In the polyene phosphatidylcholine group, there were no lower values of interest, including those of liver injury in patients （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Glutathione and magnesium isoglicyrrhyzinate may be similarly effective in preserving liver function and preventing drug-induced liver injury in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Polyene phosphatidylcholine may have no significant activity in protecting liver function and preventing drug-induced liver injury in advanced cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Since elevated glutathione levels may increase the antioxidant capacity and the resistance to oxidative stress by cancer cells, it is plausible to conclude that maintenance of high intracellular levels of glutathione could be critical for metastatic cells growth.
文摘Four wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） cultivars 711, PBW343, 3765 and WH542 were screened for studying variations in glycinebetaine （GB） content and plant dry mass under 100 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. A tolerance index was calculated using plant dry mass data to select salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive types and find association between tolerance index and GB content. Tolerance index has been used as a good criterion to select the tolerant types under high salinity stress. Further, physiological differences in salt-tolerant cultivar 711 and salt-sensitive cultivar WH542 were examined. The salt-tolerant cultivar exhibited greater CB content, which was found correlative with ethylene. The cultivar also showed higher nitrogen （N） content and nitrate reductase activity, reduced glutathione and higher redox state resulting in maximal protection of plant dry mass than the salt-sensitive type. Thus, the content of CB may be considered as important physiological criteria for selecting salt-tolerant wheat types.
基金Supported by Central Council of Research in Unani Medicine(CCRUM),Ministry of Healthy&Family Welfare,New Delhi for financial assistance(Grant Sanction No.3-251/2004-CCRUM/TECH)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Sharbat-e-Deenar(SD) on acetaminophen(APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rat model.METHODS: Albino rats were treated with SD at the doses of 1, 2 and 4 mL/kg, p.o. against hepatotoxicity after APAP(2 g/kg, p.o. once only) intoxication.The blood, tissue biochemical parameters and histopathological observation were performed. The RESULTS: APAP exposure in rats significantly increased the level of biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, urea and creatinine into blood circulation which were reversed towards normal by SD therapy at all doses. The tissue biochemical parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, adenosine tri-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase were significantly restored after SD treatment against hepatotoxity. Histological analysis confirmed that SD-treated rats significantly alleviated of liver damage and reduced lesions caused by APAP intoxication. The biochemical changes are in good correlation with the histopathological observations.CONCLUSION: On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that SD exerts hepatoprotective activity against APAP-induced liver injury.
