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原位调控基料碳源组分对水虻堆肥效率与碳氮固定效应的影响 被引量:1
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作者 严业皓 林嘉聪 +3 位作者 麦力文 朱四喜 李勤奋 王定美 《中国环境科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第6期2970-2981,共12页
选择生物可利用度高的葡萄糖和生物利用度低的木屑作为碳源,花生粕作为氮源,配制总C/N为10、15、20、25、30,碳源难易利用程度为0%、25%、50%、75%、100%的25个水虻堆肥处理组,探究了不同总碳氮比和碳源难易利用程度下的水虻堆肥效率与... 选择生物可利用度高的葡萄糖和生物利用度低的木屑作为碳源,花生粕作为氮源,配制总C/N为10、15、20、25、30,碳源难易利用程度为0%、25%、50%、75%、100%的25个水虻堆肥处理组,探究了不同总碳氮比和碳源难易利用程度下的水虻堆肥效率与碳氮素固定效应,基于相关性分析与正交偏最小二乘回归模型分析了调控碳氮固持的关键因子,并利用主成分分析法开展综合评价.结果表明:25个试验处理下,水虻虫体和虫粪产率分别为3.96%~23.06%和13.38%~89.99%;虫体碳含量为48.12%~60.31%,虫体氮含量为5.79%~9.85%,水虻从基料回收的碳、氮素分别为3.24%~29.58%和17.21%~52.69%;水虻堆肥体系碳与氮总固定率分别为40.69%~93.81%和38.06%~72.89%.易利用碳素有效率(ACC1)对水虻堆肥中虫体、虫粪的碳氮固定影响显著(VIP>1).总C/N为10,难易利用度碳源比为50%:50%时,水虻堆肥效率与体系总碳氮固定综合效果最佳.本研究证明了总C/N作为水虻堆肥营养基料配置指标上存在局限性,而原位调控基料碳源的生物利用度,可实现虫体高效生产与碳氮固定效能的协同平衡. 展开更多
关键词 黑水虻 堆肥 生物利用度 碳氮固定
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不同肥力棕壤玉米根茬和茎叶残体碳氮的固定特征 被引量:1
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作者 李佳燕 孙良杰 +2 位作者 马南 王丰 汪景宽 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第23期4664-4677,共14页
【目的】秸秆还田是增加土壤碳固定和改善土壤养分状况的重要措施之一。研究玉米不同部位残体碳、氮在土壤中的固定特征,明确秸秆还田的土壤增碳培肥机制。【方法】以沈阳农业大学棕壤长期定位试验站为平台,采集不施肥和有机肥配施化肥... 【目的】秸秆还田是增加土壤碳固定和改善土壤养分状况的重要措施之一。研究玉米不同部位残体碳、氮在土壤中的固定特征,明确秸秆还田的土壤增碳培肥机制。【方法】以沈阳农业大学棕壤长期定位试验站为平台,采集不施肥和有机肥配施化肥处理的土壤分别作为低肥力(LF)和高肥力(HF)土壤,并分别与^(13)C和^(15)N双标记的玉米茎叶(S)、玉米根茬(R)混合,在25℃条件下进行室内培养试验。试验于第1、30、60、180和360天取样并测定土壤总有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)含量及其同位素丰度,分析玉米不同部位残体碳、氮在不同肥力水平土壤中的固定特征。【结果】添加玉米残体显著提高土壤SOC,一年后仍能提高14.0%。添加玉米残体后,土壤系统中有一小部分氮素可能以反硝化方式流失,且外源玉米残体氮和土壤原有老氮均有损失。与添加根茬相比,添加茎叶更有利于外源新碳、氮的增加,而且具有更强的激发老碳、氮分解/损失的效应,不利于土壤老碳、氮的固持;根茬残体则更趋向于被分解,使土壤老碳、氮得到相对的保护和固定。外源残体碳虽然在低肥力土壤中的固定较少,但是对低肥力土壤碳库的提升具有更大的贡献。添加残体后低肥力土壤的C/N和^(13)C/^(15)N(代表土壤中来自于外源残体的C/N)显著高于高肥力土壤。但本研究结果表明^(13)C/^(15)N并不是限制低肥力土壤中残体分解和固定的主要因素,其主要原因可能在于底物长期选择条件下的特异性土著土壤微生物群落较为稳定,对于外源有机质加入的干扰具有抵抗力造成的。【结论】土壤中添加玉米不同部位残体均可显著提高土壤碳、氮水平,但其内在的残体新碳/氮和土壤老碳/氮的固定策略相异。低肥力土壤较高肥力土壤对外源碳的固定少,其对不同部位残体的固定在本研究中并不受到来自于外源残留残体C/N的影响。 展开更多
关键词 玉米残体 土壤肥力水平 土壤碳氮固定 稳定同位素标记
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Promotion of activation ability of N vacancies to N2 molecules on sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride with outstanding photocatalytic nitrogen fixation ability 被引量:6
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作者 Zheng Li Guizhou Gu +2 位作者 Shaozheng Hu Xiong Zou Guang Wu 《Chinese Journal of Catalysis》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第8期1178-1186,共9页
Nitrogen vacancies and sulfur co-doped g-C3N4 with outstanding N2 photofixation ability was synthesized via dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment. X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, N2 adsor... Nitrogen vacancies and sulfur co-doped g-C3N4 with outstanding N2 photofixation ability was synthesized via dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment. X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption were used to characterize the as-prepared catalyst. The results showed that plasma treatment cannot change the morphology of the as-prepared catalyst but introduces nitrogen vacancies and sulfur into g-C3N4 lattice simultaneously. The as-prepared co-doped g-C3N4 displays an ammonium ion production rate as high as 6.2 mg·L^-1·h^-1·gcat^-1, which is 2.3 and 25.8 times higher than that of individual N-vacancy-doped g-C3N4 and neat g-C3N4, respectively, as well as showing good catalytic stability. Experimental and density functional theory calculation results indicate that, compared with individual N vacancy doping, the introduction of sulfur can promote the activation ability of N vacancies to N2 molecules, leading to promoted N2 photofixation performance. 展开更多
关键词 Graphitic carbon nitride Nitrogen photofixation CO-DOPING PHOTOCATALYSIS Plasma treatment
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Recent advances and perspectives in cobalt‐based heterogeneous catalysts for photocatalytic water splitting,CO_(2) reduction,and N_(2) fixation 被引量:1
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作者 Wanjun Sun Jiayu Zhu +5 位作者 Meiyu Zhang Xiangyu Meng Mengxue Chen Yu Feng Xinlong Chen Yong Ding 《Chinese Journal of Catalysis》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第9期2273-2300,共28页
Solar‐driven conversion of carbon dioxide,water and nitrogen into high value‐added fuels(e.g.H_(2),CO,CH_(4),CH_(3)OH,NH_(3) and so on)is regarded as an environmental‐friendly and ideal route for relieving the gree... Solar‐driven conversion of carbon dioxide,water and nitrogen into high value‐added fuels(e.g.H_(2),CO,CH_(4),CH_(3)OH,NH_(3) and so on)is regarded as an environmental‐friendly and ideal route for relieving the greenhouse gas effect and countering energy crisis,which is an attractive and challenging topic.Hence,various types of photocatalysts have been developed successively to meet the requirements of these photocatalysis.Among them,cobalt‐based heterogeneous catalysts emerge as one of the most promising photocatalysts that open up alluring vistas in the field of solar‐to‐fuels conversion,which can effectively enhance photocatalytic efficiency by extending light absorption range,promoting charge separation,providing active sites,and lowering reaction barrier.In this review,we first present the working principles of cobalt‐based heterogeneous catalysts for photocatalytic water splitting,CO_(2) reduction,and N_(2) fixation.Second,five efficient strategies including surface modification,morphology modulation,crystallinity controlling,crystal engineering and doping,are discussed for improving the photocatalytic performance with different types cobalt‐based catalysts(cobalt nanoparticles and single atom,oxides,sulfides,phosphides,MOFs,COFs,LDHs,carbide,and nitrides).Third,we outline the applications for the state‐of‐the‐art photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction and water splitting,and nitrogen fixation over cobalt‐based heterogeneous catalysts.Finally,the central challenges and possible improvements of cobalt‐based photocatalysis in the future are presented.The purpose of this review is to summarize the past experience and lessons,and provide reference for the further development of cobalt‐based photocatalysis technology. 展开更多
关键词 PHOTOCATALYSIS Cobalt based heterogeneous catalyst Water splitting Carbon dioxide reduction Nitrogen fixation
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Correlation Between CO_2 Efflux and Net Nitrogen Mineralization and Its Response to External C or N Supply in an Alpine Meadow Soil 被引量:9
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作者 SONG Ming-Hua JIANG Jing +1 位作者 XU Xing-Liang SHI Pei-Li 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第5期666-675,共10页
In nutrient-limited alpine meadows,nitrogen(N) mineralization is prior to soil microbial immobilization;therefore,increased mineral N supply would be most likely immobilized by soil microbes due to nutrient shortage i... In nutrient-limited alpine meadows,nitrogen(N) mineralization is prior to soil microbial immobilization;therefore,increased mineral N supply would be most likely immobilized by soil microbes due to nutrient shortage in alpine soils.In addition,low temperature in alpine meadows might be one of the primary factors limiting soil organic matter decomposition and thus N mineralization.A laboratory incubation experiment was performed using an alpine meadow soil from the Tibetan Plateau.Two levels of NH4NO3(N) or glucose(C) were added,with a blank without addition of C or N as the control,before incubation at 5,15,or 25 ℃ for 28 d.CO2 efflux was measured during the 28-d incubation,and the mineral N was measured at the beginning and end of the incubation,in order to test two hypotheses:1) net N mineralization is negatively correlated with CO2 efflux for the control and 2) the external labile N or C supply will shift the negative correlation to positive.The results showed a negative correlation between CO2 efflux and net N immobilization in the control.External inorganic N supply did not change the negative correlation.The external labile C supply shifted the linear correlation from negative to positive under the low C addition level.However,under the high C level,no correlation was found.These suggested that the correlation of CO2 efflux to net N mineralization strongly depend on soil labile C and C:N ratio regardless of temperatures.Further research should focus on the effects of the types and the amount of litter components on interactions of C and N during soil organic matter decomposition. 展开更多
关键词 C:N ratio inorganic N labile C organic matter temperature
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