精确预测大气 CO2 的未来变化对于预测全球气候变化是至关重要的。为此 ,需要确定大气 CO2 的源和汇及其随时间的变化。本文作者利用已发表和未发表的资料对一些实例进行了分析 :首先讨论了碳酸盐岩岩溶作用 (包括碳酸盐溶解及再沉积的...精确预测大气 CO2 的未来变化对于预测全球气候变化是至关重要的。为此 ,需要确定大气 CO2 的源和汇及其随时间的变化。本文作者利用已发表和未发表的资料对一些实例进行了分析 :首先讨论了碳酸盐岩岩溶作用 (包括碳酸盐溶解及再沉积的共同影响 )对土壤 CO2和径流变化的敏感性 ;接着利用水化学 -流量方法和碳酸盐岩石片试验方法得出了我国和世界碳酸盐岩地区因碳酸盐岩岩溶作用从大气中吸收的净 CO2 总量 ,即碳酸盐岩岩溶作用对大气 CO2 沉降的贡献。它们分别是 :中国每年 180 0万 t C,整个世界岩溶地区 1.1亿 t C;最后 ,文章据 DBL理论模型计算得出世界碳酸盐岩地区碳酸盐岩溶解吸收CO2 一项产生的大气 CO2 沉降量为每年 4 .1亿 t C,继而得出全世界碳酸盐岩地区因碳酸盐再沉积而释放 CO2 产生的大气 CO2 源项为每年 3亿 t C。展开更多
Carbonate karst reservoir is the emphases of Tarim＇s carbonate exploration. However, it is buried at a large depth, which results in Weak seismic reflection signal and low S/N ratio. In addition, the karst reservoir ...Carbonate karst reservoir is the emphases of Tarim＇s carbonate exploration. However, it is buried at a large depth, which results in Weak seismic reflection signal and low S/N ratio. In addition, the karst reservoir contains great heterogeneity, so reservoir prediction is very difficult. Through many years of research and exploration, we have established a suite of comprehensive evaluation technology for carbonate karst reservoir using geophysical characteristics and a geological concept model, including a technique for reconstructing the paleogeomorphology of buried hills based on a sequence framework, seismic description of the karst reservoir, and strain variant analysis for fracture estimation. The evaluation technology has been successfully applied in the Tabei and Tazhong areas, and commercial production of oil and gas has been achieved. We show the application of this technology in the Lunguxi area in North Tarim in this paper.展开更多
Nowadays, isotope environmental technique tends to be used as a reconnaissance tool , both qualitative and quantitative, to calculate the aquifer parameters particularly in carbonate rock aquifers. But, the hetero...Nowadays, isotope environmental technique tends to be used as a reconnaissance tool , both qualitative and quantitative, to calculate the aquifer parameters particularly in carbonate rock aquifers. But, the heterogeneous flow is still problematic when Lumped parameter Models are usually used to calculate the residence times and hydraulic parameters. However, Discrete State Compartment Model can provide a powerful model to heterogeneous medium. One such study was carried on in Dazha valley, where the environmental tritium was used as a tracer for determining hydrogeological parameters based on a discrete state compartment model展开更多
Cave carbonate formations are characterized by heterogeneity, which makes electrical log prediction difficult. It is currently important to know how to use the dual laterolog to accurately identify and quantitatively ...Cave carbonate formations are characterized by heterogeneity, which makes electrical log prediction difficult. It is currently important to know how to use the dual laterolog to accurately identify and quantitatively evaluate caves. Using numerical simulation to calculate electrical log responses can provide a theoretical basis for cave identification and evaluation. In this paper, based on the dual laterolog principles, we first study different size spherical cave models using the finite element method （FEM）, determine a relation between resistivity and cave filling after comprehensively studying the log responses of cave models with different filling material, and finally study the dual laterolog responses on caves filled with shale, limestone, conglomerate, and thin laminated formation of sand and shale. The numerical results provide a theoretical basis for identification and evaluation of carbonate cave reservoirs.展开更多
Geotechnical properties of sedimentary rocks exposed along upper Egypt-Red Sea road were investigated to evaluate their geotechnical behavior. One of the most important aims of this work was to determine the engineeri...Geotechnical properties of sedimentary rocks exposed along upper Egypt-Red Sea road were investigated to evaluate their geotechnical behavior. One of the most important aims of this work was to determine the engineering problems affected on the road due to the geotechnical behavior of the studied sedimentary rocks and to suggest the suitable solution. Specific weight, unconfined compressive strength, slaking durability and free swelling were measured. The results showed that the studied crystalline limestone, marly limestone and Issawia limestone had higher unconfined compressive strength values ranging from 34,184.00 kN/m2 to 42,602.00 kN/m2 and the studied shale, siltstone and coral reef had lower values ranging from 3,689.00 kN/m2 to 6,933.00 kN/m2. The results showed also that the studied shale, siltstone and mudstone had fast to very fast slaking rate and their slaking amount described as low to medium after Gamble＇s slake durability classification. Replacement and/or chemical stabilization （using lime and/or cement kiln dust） of the expansive sedimentary rocks （shale and mudstone） were recommended to reduce the swelling. Geophysical investigations including shallow seismic, microgravity and GPR （ground penetrating radar） were recommended to scan the sub-grade of the road at El Maaza plateau to determine possible other caves and large voids under the road to avoid its collapse.展开更多
文摘精确预测大气 CO2 的未来变化对于预测全球气候变化是至关重要的。为此 ,需要确定大气 CO2 的源和汇及其随时间的变化。本文作者利用已发表和未发表的资料对一些实例进行了分析 :首先讨论了碳酸盐岩岩溶作用 (包括碳酸盐溶解及再沉积的共同影响 )对土壤 CO2和径流变化的敏感性 ;接着利用水化学 -流量方法和碳酸盐岩石片试验方法得出了我国和世界碳酸盐岩地区因碳酸盐岩岩溶作用从大气中吸收的净 CO2 总量 ,即碳酸盐岩岩溶作用对大气 CO2 沉降的贡献。它们分别是 :中国每年 180 0万 t C,整个世界岩溶地区 1.1亿 t C;最后 ,文章据 DBL理论模型计算得出世界碳酸盐岩地区碳酸盐岩溶解吸收CO2 一项产生的大气 CO2 沉降量为每年 4 .1亿 t C,继而得出全世界碳酸盐岩地区因碳酸盐再沉积而释放 CO2 产生的大气 CO2 源项为每年 3亿 t C。
基金This project is the applied fundamental research projects (04A10101) sponsored by the scientific and technology developmentdepartment of CNPC.
文摘Carbonate karst reservoir is the emphases of Tarim＇s carbonate exploration. However, it is buried at a large depth, which results in Weak seismic reflection signal and low S/N ratio. In addition, the karst reservoir contains great heterogeneity, so reservoir prediction is very difficult. Through many years of research and exploration, we have established a suite of comprehensive evaluation technology for carbonate karst reservoir using geophysical characteristics and a geological concept model, including a technique for reconstructing the paleogeomorphology of buried hills based on a sequence framework, seismic description of the karst reservoir, and strain variant analysis for fracture estimation. The evaluation technology has been successfully applied in the Tabei and Tazhong areas, and commercial production of oil and gas has been achieved. We show the application of this technology in the Lunguxi area in North Tarim in this paper.
文摘Nowadays, isotope environmental technique tends to be used as a reconnaissance tool , both qualitative and quantitative, to calculate the aquifer parameters particularly in carbonate rock aquifers. But, the heterogeneous flow is still problematic when Lumped parameter Models are usually used to calculate the residence times and hydraulic parameters. However, Discrete State Compartment Model can provide a powerful model to heterogeneous medium. One such study was carried on in Dazha valley, where the environmental tritium was used as a tracer for determining hydrogeological parameters based on a discrete state compartment model
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting (Grant No. 2009009)Basic Scientific Research Special Fund of Central Colleges (Grant No. 2010ZY28)National Major Projects (Grant No.2008ZX05023-005 and 2008ZX05035-002)
文摘Cave carbonate formations are characterized by heterogeneity, which makes electrical log prediction difficult. It is currently important to know how to use the dual laterolog to accurately identify and quantitatively evaluate caves. Using numerical simulation to calculate electrical log responses can provide a theoretical basis for cave identification and evaluation. In this paper, based on the dual laterolog principles, we first study different size spherical cave models using the finite element method （FEM）, determine a relation between resistivity and cave filling after comprehensively studying the log responses of cave models with different filling material, and finally study the dual laterolog responses on caves filled with shale, limestone, conglomerate, and thin laminated formation of sand and shale. The numerical results provide a theoretical basis for identification and evaluation of carbonate cave reservoirs.
文摘Geotechnical properties of sedimentary rocks exposed along upper Egypt-Red Sea road were investigated to evaluate their geotechnical behavior. One of the most important aims of this work was to determine the engineering problems affected on the road due to the geotechnical behavior of the studied sedimentary rocks and to suggest the suitable solution. Specific weight, unconfined compressive strength, slaking durability and free swelling were measured. The results showed that the studied crystalline limestone, marly limestone and Issawia limestone had higher unconfined compressive strength values ranging from 34,184.00 kN/m2 to 42,602.00 kN/m2 and the studied shale, siltstone and coral reef had lower values ranging from 3,689.00 kN/m2 to 6,933.00 kN/m2. The results showed also that the studied shale, siltstone and mudstone had fast to very fast slaking rate and their slaking amount described as low to medium after Gamble＇s slake durability classification. Replacement and/or chemical stabilization （using lime and/or cement kiln dust） of the expansive sedimentary rocks （shale and mudstone） were recommended to reduce the swelling. Geophysical investigations including shallow seismic, microgravity and GPR （ground penetrating radar） were recommended to scan the sub-grade of the road at El Maaza plateau to determine possible other caves and large voids under the road to avoid its collapse.
