汽车工业用磁流变液器件应用前景分析

简要介绍了磁流变液和磁流变效应。详细分析了磁流变液的性能及其影响因素,将其与电流变液进行了对比,表明磁流变液具有很多优点。在此基础上,介绍了磁流变液应用于汽车工业的结构形式,以及在制动、传动和减振降噪领域应用的一些器件。对磁流变液应用于汽车的前景进行了分析并指出了存在的问题。

磁流变技术及其在机械工程中的应用

磁流变液是近年来得到广泛重视的一种新型的智能软物质 ,磁流变技术是 2 1世纪机电工程的核心技术之一。文章对国内外磁流变技术的研究概况进行了综述 ,介绍了磁流变技术及目前在机械工程中的应用情况 ,分析了磁流变技术研究中存在的问题 ,最后对磁流变技术的研究发展进行了展望。

磁流变减振系统的双谱分析研究

减振系统一般由多个部件组成,磁流变效应又是非线性的,磁流变减振系统存在明显的非线性特征,非线性特性分析对系统的改进设计及措施补偿具有重要意义.双谱分析是一种新的、功能强的信号处理技术,能定量地描述系统非线性耦合度,抑制高斯噪声且保持相位信息.实验中,使用采样数据建立自回归模型(AR模型),运用双谱分析方法研究磁流变减振系统的非线性规律.研究表明,双谱分析磁流变减振的方法是完全可行的,有效的.

A disc-type magneto-rheologic fluid damper

A disc-type magneto-rheological fluid damper operating in shear mode is proposed in this paper,which is based on the special characteristics of the magneto-rheological (MR) fluid with rapid, reversible and dramatic change in its rheological properties by the application of an external magnetic field. The magneticfield of the disc-type MR fluid damper is analysed by the finite element method ; the controllability of the disctype MR fluid damper on the dynamic behaviour of a rotor system ; and the effectiveness of the disc-type MR fluid damper in controlling the vibration of a rotor system, are studied in a flexible rotor system with an over-hung disc. It is shown that the magnetic flux density of the disc-type MR fluid damper in the working areas can significantly change with the applied current in the coil ; and that the dynamic behavior of the disc-type MR fluid damper can be varied by the application of an external magnetic field produced by a low voltage electromagnetic coil. The disc-type MR fluid damper can significantly change the dynamic characteristics of a rotor system, provided that the location of the disk-type MR fluid damper is carefully chosen. The disc-type MR fluid damper is a new actuator with good dynamic characteristics for rotating machinery.

Magnetic field-dependent inductance properties based on magnetorheological elastomer

Magnetorheological(MR)materials are a class of smart material,whose the mechanical/rheological state can be controlled under a magnetic field.Magnetorheological materials are typically fluids,gels,or elastomers.In this study,anisotropic and isotropic magneto-rheological elastomer(MRE)samples were fabricated using a silicone rubber matrix with carbonyl iron particles as filler particles.The magnetic field-dependent inductance properties of these samples were studied using inductors specially designed for the analysis.The effect of the filler particle content,fabrication conditions,and inductance properties were characterized using a self-built system in both constant and transient magnetic fields.These factors show a significant effect on the inductance properties of the MRE inductor under an applied magnetic field.The anisotropic MRE inductor was more sensitive than the inductor based on an isotropic MRE.Owing to the presence of a constant magnetic field,the inductance value of the MRE inductor decreased with an increase in the external magnetic field.An attempt in elucidation of the mechanism is reported here.This study may enable the MRE to be widely used in practical applications such as monitoring magnetic field or detecting the filler particle content inside MR materials.

Enhancement in Magnetorheological Effect of Magnetorheological Elastomers by Surface Modification of Iron Particles

In order to obtain magnetorheological （MR） elastomers with high magnetorheological effect, a family of anisotropic rubber-based MR elastomers was developed using a new form of chemical modification. Three different kinds of surfactants, i.e. anionic, nonionic and compound surfactants, were employed separately to modify iron particles. The MR effect was evaluated by measuring the dynamic shear modulus of MR elastomer with a magneto-combined dynamic mechanical analyzer. Results show that the relative MR effect can be up to 188% when the iron particles are modified with 15% Span 80. Besides the surface activity of Span 80, however, such high modifying effect is partly due to the plasticizing effect of Span 80. Compared with the single surfactant, the superior surface activity of compound surfactant makes the relative MR effect reach 77% at a low content of 0.4%. Scanning electron microscope observation shows that the modification of compound surfactant results in perfect compatibility between particles and rubber matrix and special self-assembled structure of particles. Such special structure has been proved beneficial to the improvement of the relative MR effect.

Analysis and suppression of hysteresis effect in semi-actively controlled MR-suspension

Magneto-rheological (MR) fluid-based dampers are currently being explored for their potential implementation in intelligent vehicle suspension designs. Due to inherent hysteretic force properties of the MR dampers, analyzing and suppressing the MR-damper hysteresis effects, therefore, impose a great challenge. A quarter-vehicle MR-suspension model is formulated in conjunction with proposed hysteretic and mean MR-damper models, and the passive and semi-actively controlled MR-suspension systems are focused to investigate the influence of MR-damper force hysteresis. The semi-actively controlled MR-suspension employs the “on-off” control law in response to direction of the damper velocity, so as to generate the asymmetric damping force property form the symmetric MR-damper design. The results show that the MR-damping hysteresis yields serious transients and oscillations in responses for the semi-actively controlled MR-suspension than the passive MR-suspension due to the current-switching discontinuity, and would thus deteriorate the suspension performance. The undesired strong transients and oscillations in responses can be effectively suppressed by employing the proposed smooth technique without phase shift for modulating the command current discontinuity.

Modeling and characterization of novel magnetorheological(MR) cell with individual currents

Magnetorheological(MR) cell with multi-coil was designed to enlarge the range of controllable transmission torque by increasing the effective length. Individual input current was proposed to maximize its potential for reducing power consumption and generating large yield stress. Finite element analysis was performed to analyze magnetic field distribution, based on which a prototype MR cell was fabricated and tested to investigate the performance of various combinations of individual input currents. A good correlation was identified between experimental results and FEA predications. The results show that the power consumption can be reduced to 42.4%, maintaining large transmission torque, by distributing the total current(2 A) to three individual magnetic coils. In addition, optimal results of four input currents considering a multi-objective function are obtained by changing the weighting factor λ. The advantage of this design, such as lower power consumption and more control flexibility, makes it more competitive in engineering applications that require large energy consumption.

Rheological properties of magnetorheological fluid prepared by gelatincarbonyl iron composite particles

Gelatincarbonyl iron composite particle was prepared by micro emulsion method. The analysis of scanning electron microscope(SEM) shows that the ultrafine particles are spheroids coated by gelatin, and the average sizes of particles are 310μm. The specific saturation magnetization σ_s is 130.9A·m2/kg, coercivity H_c is 0.823A/m, and residual magnetism r is 4.98Am2/kg for the composite particles. It is shown that the particles possess properties of soft magnetic. The yield stress of magnetorheological fluid(MRF) with composite particle reaches 70kPa at 0.5T magnetic induction. Magnetorheological effects are superior in lower magnetic field intensity and the subsidence stability of the MRF is excellent compared with pure carbonyl iron powder.

Prediction of the conducted EMI in PWM converter system with parasitic parameters considered

This paper presents a new approach for modeling of the conducted electromagnetic interference(EMI) prediction for widely used converter systems.Coupling paths and mechanism of differential mode(DM) interference and common mode(CM) interference have been analyzed.Models to predict the high-frequency noise of PWM converter system are created.A direct calculation method in frequency domain is proposed for the deduction of frequency spectrum.A method is given for obtaining the parasitic parameters and topological structure of the model.An experimental investigation of the conducted emission from an actual high-power rectifier system is described.The validity of the models is confirmed by comparison to laboratory measurements.

Particle size polydispersity of the rheological properties in magnetorheological fluids

Dispersion of metal particles in fluids can be used to manufacture magnetorheologic fluids(MRF).Properties of these dispersion systems are mainly determined by the arrangements and contacts among particles.In this paper,particles with smaller sizes than those in the target dispersion system are added using iron particles dispersed in silicon oil as a model to control the arrangements and contacts.The result suggests that these small-sized particles have a significant effect on the viscoelastic properties of the dispersion.The maximum packing density and the fluid viscosity depend mainly on the adhesion of small particles,which is directly related to the fraction of small particles in the model dispersion system.Under a magnetic field,the yield stress of the dispersion system is proportional to the concentration of iron particles,suggesting that the yield stress relies directly on the presence of small particles.These small particles in the fluid determine the difference in stress of the magnetorheological fluid(MRF) with or without a magnetic field.