In the last two decades, there has been substantial development in the diagnostic possibilities for examining the small intestine. Compared with computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, capsule endoscopy a...In the last two decades, there has been substantial development in the diagnostic possibilities for examining the small intestine. Compared with computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, capsule endoscopy and double-balloon endoscopy, ultrasonography has the advantage of being cheap, portable, flexible and user-and patient-friendly, while at the same time providing the clinician with image data of high temporal and spatial resolution. The method has limitations with penetration in obesity and with intestinal air impairing image quality. The flexibility ultrasonography offers the examiner also implies that a systematic approach during scanning is needed. This paper reviews the basic scanning techniques and new modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, elastography, strain rate imaging, hydrosonography, allergosonography, endoscopic sonography and nutritional imaging, and the literature on disease-specific findings in the small intestine. Some of these methods have shown clinical benefit, while others are under research and development to establish their role in the diagnostic repertoire. However, along with improved overall image quality of new ultrasound scanners, these methodshave enabled more anatomical and physiological changes in the small intestine to be observed. Accordingly, ultrasound of the small intestine is an attractive clinical tool to study patients with a range of diseases.展开更多
目的探讨自发性脑出血(ICH)与腔隙性脑梗死患者颅内脑微出血(CMBs)MR磁化率的差异,评价磁化率在预测CMBs风险性中的可行性。方法搜集颅内存在CMBs的ICH和/或腔隙性脑梗死患者83例,其中ICH组34例,腔隙性脑梗死组49例。所有患者均采用3.0 ...目的探讨自发性脑出血(ICH)与腔隙性脑梗死患者颅内脑微出血(CMBs)MR磁化率的差异,评价磁化率在预测CMBs风险性中的可行性。方法搜集颅内存在CMBs的ICH和/或腔隙性脑梗死患者83例,其中ICH组34例,腔隙性脑梗死组49例。所有患者均采用3.0 T MR快速多回波T2*梯度成像序列,通过场到源的反演计算得到可定量的磁量图,逐个分析CMBs灶的信号特征并测量其直径及磁化率。采用t检验对比分析ICH组与腔隙性脑梗死(腔梗)组之间CMBs灶直径、磁化率的差异,采用秩和检验分析CMBs磁化率与其直径之间的相关性。结果 ICH组与腔梗组的CMBs磁化率分别为(11.78±7.18)ppm.mm3、(6.16±2.95)ppm.mm3,二者之间存在显著性差异(t=3.59,P<0.01);其直径分别为(4.03±1.16)mm、(3.05±0.9)mm,二者之间差异也存在统计学意义(t=3.39,P<0.01)。CMBs磁化率和其直径之间无明显相关(r=0.64,P<0.01)。结论磁化率更能直接反映CMBs的内在演变规律,有可能成为一项直接预测CMBs风险性的可靠指标。展开更多
基金Supported by Medviz.-an imaging and visualisation consortium between Haukeland University Hospital, University in Bergen and Christian Michelsen Research
文摘In the last two decades, there has been substantial development in the diagnostic possibilities for examining the small intestine. Compared with computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, capsule endoscopy and double-balloon endoscopy, ultrasonography has the advantage of being cheap, portable, flexible and user-and patient-friendly, while at the same time providing the clinician with image data of high temporal and spatial resolution. The method has limitations with penetration in obesity and with intestinal air impairing image quality. The flexibility ultrasonography offers the examiner also implies that a systematic approach during scanning is needed. This paper reviews the basic scanning techniques and new modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, elastography, strain rate imaging, hydrosonography, allergosonography, endoscopic sonography and nutritional imaging, and the literature on disease-specific findings in the small intestine. Some of these methods have shown clinical benefit, while others are under research and development to establish their role in the diagnostic repertoire. However, along with improved overall image quality of new ultrasound scanners, these methodshave enabled more anatomical and physiological changes in the small intestine to be observed. Accordingly, ultrasound of the small intestine is an attractive clinical tool to study patients with a range of diseases.
文摘目的探讨自发性脑出血(ICH)与腔隙性脑梗死患者颅内脑微出血(CMBs)MR磁化率的差异,评价磁化率在预测CMBs风险性中的可行性。方法搜集颅内存在CMBs的ICH和/或腔隙性脑梗死患者83例,其中ICH组34例,腔隙性脑梗死组49例。所有患者均采用3.0 T MR快速多回波T2*梯度成像序列,通过场到源的反演计算得到可定量的磁量图,逐个分析CMBs灶的信号特征并测量其直径及磁化率。采用t检验对比分析ICH组与腔隙性脑梗死(腔梗)组之间CMBs灶直径、磁化率的差异,采用秩和检验分析CMBs磁化率与其直径之间的相关性。结果 ICH组与腔梗组的CMBs磁化率分别为(11.78±7.18)ppm.mm3、(6.16±2.95)ppm.mm3,二者之间存在显著性差异(t=3.59,P<0.01);其直径分别为(4.03±1.16)mm、(3.05±0.9)mm,二者之间差异也存在统计学意义(t=3.39,P<0.01)。CMBs磁化率和其直径之间无明显相关(r=0.64,P<0.01)。结论磁化率更能直接反映CMBs的内在演变规律,有可能成为一项直接预测CMBs风险性的可靠指标。
