宁夏主要土壤的磷酸吸收系数及需磷量

用pH7.0的2%磷酸铵溶液测定了宁夏7种主要生产性土壤的磷酸吸收系数,结果表明,宁夏7种主要生产性土壤的磷酸吸收系数(PAC)介于8712～12998mg/kg之间,PAC值的大小与土壤物理性粘粒有极显著相关关系(r=0.8297)。主要生产性土壤黄绵土(黑垆土)、灌淤土、灰钙土依PAC的0.2%计算的小麦建议施磷量分别为53、54、59和43kg/hm2,与肥效函数法所确定的用量相近。

可吸收型磷酸钙在胸腰椎骨折经皮内固定的运用价值

可吸收磷酸钙具有安全性高和无排斥反应、细胞毒性的特点,常用于四肢长骨骨折骨缺损的辅助修复,脊柱外科中磷酸钙骨水泥已成为骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的常用骨水泥,但将可吸收磷酸钙用于胸腰椎骨折中较为少见 [1] 。笔者为进一步降低胸腰椎骨折经皮内固定后矫正丢失,尝试将可吸收型磷酸钙用于胸腰椎骨折经皮内固定手术中,取得较好效果,现报道如下。

改良可吸收类磷酸钙骨水泥在犬牙槽骨缺损修复中的应用效果

目的探讨一种新型改良可吸收类磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)在犬牙槽骨缺损修复中的成骨诱导活性。方法取6只健康、成年比格犬,每只犬下颌骨取2个实验点,左侧为实验组,右侧为对照组。分别将改良可吸收类骨水泥、单纯可吸收类骨水泥植入犬牙槽骨缺损内,于术后4、12、20周取材,通过组织学染色观察骨缺损区的新骨形成情况。结果 Giemsa染色、Von Kossa染色显示,术后4、12、20周实验组植骨材料降解量、成骨细胞数量、新生骨量均优于对照组;四环素荧光染色结果显示,实验组类骨质宽度明显宽于对照组。结论改良可吸收CPC在动物体内具有很好的生物相容性,动物无排异反应,是安全的植入材料;改良可吸收CPC在动物体内具有成骨诱导活性,可以有效弥补单纯使用CPC时成骨能力的不足,是良好的植骨替代材料。

毛细管气相色谱法测定香烟烟气中苯酚

建立毛细管气相色谱法(FID)测定香烟烟气中苯酚含量的方法。用5 mL磷酸三丁酯–三乙酸甘油酯混合液(体积比为1∶150)为吸收剂收集香烟烟气中苯酚,用毛细管气相色谱法(FID)测定烟气吸收液中苯酚含量。苯酚的质量浓度在1.6~160 mg/L的范围内与色谱峰峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.999 5,方法的检出限为0.2 mg/L。加标回收率在91%~107%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.1%~4.3%(n=5)。该方法简单可行,可以满足烟气中苯酚含量的分析要求。

蒸氨氨分解改为磷铵法生产氨水的实践

随着焦化行业日益严格的环保要求,尾气治理势在必行,特别是焦化一直沿用的蒸氨氨分解工艺,其氨分解尾气达标排放一直困扰许多企业。结合拜城县众泰煤焦化有限公司煤气净化蒸氨氨汽燃烧分解处理工艺现状,提出实施工艺技术升级和环保改造。

出穗40天前的水稻与磷肥

出穗４０天前的水稻与磷肥１．磷的生理功能和用肥选择１．１磷的生理功能不论是寒冷地带还是温暖地带，对于生育中期的水稻来讲，都需要有磷的参与才能获得正常的生长发育。据铃木恒雄和田中义郎综合报道。在此一时期磷的生理和生命功能主要表现在以下几个方面。①磷可使...

Thermal stability and oil absorption of aluminum hydroxide treated by dry modification with phosphoric acid

The dry modification of aluminum hydroxide powders with phosphoric acid and the effects of modification of technological conditions on thermal stability, morphology and oil absorption of aluminum hydroxide powders were investigated. The results show that the increase of mass ratio of phosphoric acid to aluminum hydroxide, the decrease of mass concentration of phosphoric acid and prolongation of mixing time are favorable to the improvement of thermal stability of aluminum hydroxide; when the mass ratio of phosphoric acid to aluminum hydroxide is 5:100, the mass concentration of phosphoric acid is 200 g/L and the mixing time is 10 min, the initial temperature of loss of crystal water in aluminum hydroxide rises from about 192.10 to 208.66 ℃, but the dry modification results in the appearance of agglomeration and macro-aggregate in the modified powders, and the oil absorption of modified powders becomes higher than that of original aluminum hydroxide.

Effect of Ammonium Polyphosphate on Plant Growth Development and Absorption of Phosphorus and Zinc in Corn Seedlings

Using pot experiment to study the effect of new fertilizer ammonium polyphosphate on plant growth and uptake of phosphorus and zinc in corn seedlings. The results showed that under the conditions of equal phosphate fertilizer application, ammonium polyphosphate added to phosphate fertilizer could significantly improve the plant height and stem diameter of corn seedlings after sowed for 60 days, while improved biomass of corn overground part and roots and root shoot ratio. When the ratio of ammonium polyphosphate and diammonium phosphate was 2：1 （available phosphorus ratio）, the effect was the best. Ammonium polyphosphate had little effect on the phosphorus content of overground part of corn seedlings, but increased the phosphorus cumulant. In addition, ammonium polyphosphate applica- tion significantly improved the zinc concentration and zinc cumulant of corn over- ground part and roots. The results showed that ammonium polyphosphate had bet- ter bioavailability, meanwhile promoted the absorption of microelement zinc in crops.

Oral absorption of hyaluronic acid and phospholipids complexes in rats

AIM： To prepare a complex of hyaluronic acid （HA） and phospholipids （PL）, and study the improvement effect of PL on the oral absorption of HA. METHODS： The complex of HA-PL （named Haplex） was prepared by film dispersion and sonication method, its physico-chemical properties were identified by infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The oral absorption of Haplex was studied. Thirty-two healthy rats were divided into 4 groups randomly： （1） a normal saline （NS） control group; （2） an HA group; （3） a mixture group and （4） a Haplex group. After intragastric administration, the concentration of HA in serum was determined. RESULTS： The physico-chemical properties of Haplex were different from HA or PL or their mixture. After Haplex was administered to rats orally, the serum concentration of HA was increased when compared with the mixture or HA control groups from 4 h to 10 h （P 〈 0.05）. The AAUCo-12, of Haplex was also greater than that of the other three groups （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The method of film dispersion and sonication can prepare HA and PL complex, and PL can enhance the oral absorption of exogenous HA.

Adsorption mechanism of mixed salicylhydroxamic acid and tributyl phosphate collectors in fine cassiterite electro-flotation system

Two reagents including salicylhydroxamic acid(SHA) and tributyl phosphate(TBP) were tested as collectors either separately or together for electro-flotation of fine cassiterite(<10 μm).Subsequently,the flotation mechanism of the fine cassiterite was investigated by adsorbance determination,electrophoretic mobility measurements and Fourier transform infra-red(FT-IR) spectrum checking.Results of the flotation experiments show that with SHA as a collector,the collecting performance is remarkably impacted by the pulp pH value as the floatability of cassiterite varies sharply when the pH changes,and flotation with SHA gives distinct maximum at about pH 6.5.Additionally,the floatability of cassiterite is determined by using SHA and TBP as collectors.The range of pulp pH for good floatability is broadened in the presence of TBP as auxiliary collector,and the utilization of TBP improves the recovery of cassiterite modestly.Moreover,the optimum pH value for cassiterite flotation is associated with adsorbance.The results of FT-IR spectrum and the electrophoretic mobility measurements indicate that the adsorption interaction between the collectors and the cassiterite is dominantly a kind of chemical bonding in the form of one or two cycle chelate rings due to the coordination of carbonyl group,hydroxamate and P=O group to the metal tin atoms,where the oxygen atoms contained in carbonyl group,hydroxamate and P=O group of the polar groups have the stereo conditions to form five-membered rings.In addition,the adsorption interactions of SHA and TBP on the surfaces of cassiterite are also dominated by means of hydrogen bonds.

Effect of N and P on the Uptake of Magnesium and Iron and on the Production of Carotenoids and Chlorophyll by the Microalgae Nannochloropsis sp.

This study investigate the effect of the concentration of nitrate and phosphate, present in the culture medium, on the chemical and biochemical composition of the products from the marine microalgae, Nannochloropsis sp.. Experimental design allowed the assessment, in a systematic way, of the response of the microalgae to the nitrate and phosphate concentrations, and the way they lead to changes in the total amount of carotenoids, chlorophyll a, iron and magnesium produced or uptaken. The total carotenoids presented a higher yield when cultivated under lower phosphate concentrations, but showed no change with nitrate concentration. Chlorophyll a yield increased in the presence of higher concentrations of nitrogen and lower concentrations of phosphorus. There was an increase in the amount of iron absorbed by cells when higher levels of nitrates were present, but the effect is insignificant with phosphates. The magnesium content was not significantly affected by culture manipulation. The results also showed that the biomass yield of the microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. was negatively affected by the N/P ratio. The antioxidative potential of the microalgae, in contrast, was found to increase with the N/P ratio.

Transformation of Coordinate Forms of Phosphate Ad－sorbed on Goethite Snrfaces Under Conditions of Vary－ing pH

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and automatic titrimeter were nsed to study the relation be-tween pH and the transformation of the coordinate forms of P on goethite surfaces. The results showed thatfor a given P concentration, increasing the pH of suspension could cause a fast transformation of monodentatecomplexes of phosphate ions on goethite surfaces to binuclear ones. When lowering the PH, additional adsorp-tion of P occurred and the binuclear complexes reverted slowly to the monodentate ones. The dissociationand association of protons of the sorbed P caused by PH changes was considered to be a major reason lewtingto the transformation of the coordinate forms of P on the surfaces. The stability of binuclear surface complexof P was greater than that of monodentate complex. The possible reactions on the interface of goethite andsolutions with pH changes, and the reasons causing the different stabilities of the two coordinate P complexesare discussed in the paper.

Influence of Inorganic Salts during the Photooxidative Process of Nitrobenzene

Into the photooxidation process, several factors such as pH, time of irradiation, dose of UV light, lamp power, contaminant concentration, turbidity of the solution and the presence of salts can interfere with the photodegradation of pollutants. This research aims to evaluate the influence of salts： NaCl, MgCl2, CaCI2, BaC12, CuCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4, MnSO4, FeSO4, CuSO4, Na3PO4, K2CrO4 and K2Cr207 in concentrations of 0.0005 M, 0.005 M and 0.05 M during photodegradation of aqueous solution of 59.5 mg/L of nitrobenzene at a pH of 2.5. It was observed that the presence of salts such as CuCI2, CuSO4, FeSO4, K2CrO4 and K2Cr207 interfere negatively in the system UV/H202 applied for degradation of nitrobenzene; possibly by oxidation of Fe2＋ to Fe3＋ and Cu＋ to Cu2＋ in the Cr case, due to the difficulty of transforming the Cr6＋ to Cr3＋ or because these solutions have color and act as radiation absorbing filter.

宁南旱地土壤磷肥用量研究初探

磷对提高作物的抗旱性及增产有突出的作用。应用磷酸吸收系数法估算宁南旱地主要土壤类型的磷肥用量。结果表明：宁南旱地主要土壤类型的磷酸吸收系数介于７２５—１３０６ｍｇ／１００９上之间，相应的建议施磷量为５３—１０８．９ｋｇ／ｈａ，与肥效函数法计算出的施磷量十分接近。

Lime and Phosphate Could Reduce Cadmium Uptake by Five Vegetables Commonly Grown in South China

A pot experiment was conducted in artificially Cd-contaminated （5 mg Cd kg 1） soils to investigate the feasibility of using lime （3 g kg-1） or phosphate （80 mg P kg-1） to mitigate uptake of Cd by vegetables. Five common vegetables in South China, including lettuce （Lactuca sativa L. var. ramosa Hort.）, Chinese cabbage [Brassica rapa L. subsp. Chinensis （L.） var. parachinensis （L. H. Bailey） Hanect], Chinese broccoli （Brassica oleracea L. vat. albiflora Kuntze）, white amaranth （Amaranthus tricolor L.） and purslane （Amaranthus viridis L.）, were grown in the soils and harvested after 60 d. The results showed that liming significantly reduced Cd uptake by most vegetables by 40%-50% （or a maximum of 70%）, mainly due to immobilization of soil Cd. Increased availability of Ca in the soil might also contribute to the Cd uptake reduction as a result of absorption competition between Ca and Cd. Liming caused biomass reduction in white amaranth and purslane, but did not influence growth of the other vegetables. Phosphate decreased Cd uptake by vegetables by 12% 23%. Compared with lime, phosphate decreased, to a smaller extent, the bioavailability of Cd in most cases. Phosphate markedly promoted growth of vegetables. Changes in soil chemistry by adding lime or phosphate did not markedly influence nutrient uptake of vegetables except that lime increased Ca content and phosphate increased P content in shoots of the vegetables. The results suggested that a proper application of lime could be effective in reducing Cd uptake of vegetables, and phosphate could promote growth of the vegetables as well as alleviate the toxicity of Cd.

密固达治疗更年期女性骨质疏松症的临床疗效和对患者血清骨代谢标志物的影响

目的分析唑来磷酸注射液(密固达)治疗更年期女性骨质疏松症患者的临床疗效以及对患者血清骨代谢标志物的影响,为更年期女性骨质疏松症患者治疗方案选择提供参考.方法将所纳入的104例更年期女性骨质疏松症患者采用数字随机表法分为对照组和观察组,每组52例.两组患者均予以钙剂、活性维生素D、选择性雌激素受体调节剂及甲状旁腺激素等更年期骨质疏松症患者常规治疗,对照组患者再予以阿仑膦酸钠片口服治疗,每周1次,连续治疗3个月.观察组再予以密固达(唑来膦酸注射液)静注治疗1次.对两组患者治疗前、后进行血清骨代谢标志物骨代谢指标骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、骨钙素(OC)、总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(PINP)、胶原交联C末端肽(CTX)、胶原交联氨基肽末端肽(NTx)及抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP-5b)水平,检测性激素指标:卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E_(2))、黄体生成素(LH)及睾酮(T)检测,并行组间比较;治疗1个月后对两组患者进行临床疗效评估并行组间比较.收集两组患者治疗期间药物不良反应并行组间比较.结果治疗后,观察组与对照组总有效率分别为96.15%和86.54%,两组患者治疗3个月后临床总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.317,P=0.034);观察组患者治疗后OC、BAP及PINP水平分别为(20.68±2.16)μg/L、(22.19±2.13)μg/L及(13.27±2.56)μg/L,均较治疗前的(27.32±3.31)μg/L、(29.61±3.43)μg/L及(18.89±3.52)μg/L下降,对照组治疗后OC、BAP及PINP水平分别为(24.57±2.27)μg/L、(25.93±2.46)μg/L及(15.38±2.81)μg/L,均较治疗前的(27.17±3.48)μg/L、(28.54±3.34)μg/L及(18.93±3.49)μg/L下降,且观察者患者低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.372,P=0.000;t=5.817,P=0.000;t=4.837,P=0.000);两组患者治疗后NTx、CTx及TRACP-5b均较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组患者(t=8.013,P=0.000;t=3.138,P=0.042;t=3.915,P=0.024);两组患者治疗后FSH、LH均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),E_(2)和T均较治疗前上升,组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组与对照组患者治疗期间药物不良反应率分别为7.69%和5.77%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.027,P=0.089).结论密固达治疗更年期女性骨质疏松症患者较阿仑膦酸钠片治疗虽然短期临床疗效无差异,但对患者血清骨代谢标志物改善效果更优,可能与密固达治疗更为简单方便,不易出现治疗不依从的情况而影响治疗效果.对于符合药物使用指征的更年期女性骨质疏松症患者推荐采用密固达治疗.

人斯钙素1在大肠杆菌中的重组表达与活性鉴定

目的通过原核表达的方法得到有活性的斯钙素1(STC1)重组蛋白。方法将优化合成的STC1 DNA片段克隆到表达载体pET-32b(+)上,重组质粒转入大肠杆菌诱导表达,在变性条件下纯化包涵体,经透析复性得到可溶的斯钙素1融合蛋白,凝血酶酶切后用高亲和镍离子树脂吸附多余多肽获得目的蛋白。Western印迹分析验证目的蛋白免疫活性。动物实验检测目的蛋白的生物学活性。结果构建了pET-32b(+)-STC1表达载体,表达并纯化了STC1融合蛋白包涵体,经复性、凝血酶切和纯化后获得可溶的目的蛋白。Western印迹分析验证正确。生物学活性检测表明重组STC1能增加大鼠排泄系统对磷酸盐的重吸收。结论获得了具有生物学活性的斯钙素1重组蛋白,为制备STC1单克隆抗体和进一步研究STC1与肿瘤治疗的关系奠定了基础。