A novel method for the synthesis of multi-micronutrient fertilizer ammonium cupric phosphate was studied,and the target product was obtained successfully with CuSO4·5H2O and(NH4)3PO4·3H2O as raw materials an...A novel method for the synthesis of multi-micronutrient fertilizer ammonium cupric phosphate was studied,and the target product was obtained successfully with CuSO4·5H2O and(NH4)3PO4·3H2O as raw materials and PEG-400 as template via the one step low heat solid state reaction.SNR(signal-to-noise)calculated with XRD data of the products was used as testing indicators,and uniform experimental design as well as data mining technology were used in the test.The synthesis tests were carried out,and were guided by the results of data mining technology.The test results indicated that the product synthesized with the optimal technical condition was NH4CuPO4 ·H2O with size of 51nm.For the products are all fertilizer,so it is obvious that a mixture of the synthesis products can be used as fertilizer without any separation.The synthesis process is not only simple but also without any waste water,so the synthesis is a much more potential industrial process when it is compared with those syntheses in liquid state in view of the process itself or environment protection.展开更多
Soil samples from a historic copper mine tailing site at the Parys Mountain,North Wales(UK) were amended with green waste compost(GC),GC+30% sewage sludge(GCS),lime and diammonium phosphate(DAP),to determine the effec...Soil samples from a historic copper mine tailing site at the Parys Mountain,North Wales(UK) were amended with green waste compost(GC),GC+30% sewage sludge(GCS),lime and diammonium phosphate(DAP),to determine the effect of amendments on DTPA-and Ca(NO3)2-extractable metals in the mine tailing and on the phytoavailability of heavy metals by a lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.).Both compost were added at the rate of 10% by weight,lime was added as calcium carbonate equivalent(pH = 7) and DAP at a 2300 mg kg-1 soil level.The experiment was arranged in randomised complete design with three replicates in pots under control environment.Addition of lime resulted in the largest reduction in metal extractability with DTPA and Ca(NO3)2 and phytoavailability of Cu,Fe and Zn while DAP was effective in lowering Pb extractability and phytoavailability.With exception of Zn,all other metals extracted decreased with time after amendment applications.The distribution of heavy metals between and within the four procedures of potentially bioavailable sequential extraction(PBASE) varied significantly(P < 0.001).Stronger relationships were noted between the metals extracted with PBASE SE1 and Cu,Pb(P < 0.01) and Fe(P < 0.001) in the lettuce.These results indicate that addition of lime is sufficient to restore the vegetative cover to a high metal mine waste while DAP is good for stabilizing Pb,but its detrimental role on plant growth and the risk associated with presence of N in DAP(through N leaching) may restrict its chances for remediation of contaminated sites.展开更多
文摘A novel method for the synthesis of multi-micronutrient fertilizer ammonium cupric phosphate was studied,and the target product was obtained successfully with CuSO4·5H2O and(NH4)3PO4·3H2O as raw materials and PEG-400 as template via the one step low heat solid state reaction.SNR(signal-to-noise)calculated with XRD data of the products was used as testing indicators,and uniform experimental design as well as data mining technology were used in the test.The synthesis tests were carried out,and were guided by the results of data mining technology.The test results indicated that the product synthesized with the optimal technical condition was NH4CuPO4 ·H2O with size of 51nm.For the products are all fertilizer,so it is obvious that a mixture of the synthesis products can be used as fertilizer without any separation.The synthesis process is not only simple but also without any waste water,so the synthesis is a much more potential industrial process when it is compared with those syntheses in liquid state in view of the process itself or environment protection.
基金supported by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan and NWFP Agricultural University,Peshawar in collaboration with CAZS Natural Resources,University of Wales Bangor,UK
文摘Soil samples from a historic copper mine tailing site at the Parys Mountain,North Wales(UK) were amended with green waste compost(GC),GC+30% sewage sludge(GCS),lime and diammonium phosphate(DAP),to determine the effect of amendments on DTPA-and Ca(NO3)2-extractable metals in the mine tailing and on the phytoavailability of heavy metals by a lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.).Both compost were added at the rate of 10% by weight,lime was added as calcium carbonate equivalent(pH = 7) and DAP at a 2300 mg kg-1 soil level.The experiment was arranged in randomised complete design with three replicates in pots under control environment.Addition of lime resulted in the largest reduction in metal extractability with DTPA and Ca(NO3)2 and phytoavailability of Cu,Fe and Zn while DAP was effective in lowering Pb extractability and phytoavailability.With exception of Zn,all other metals extracted decreased with time after amendment applications.The distribution of heavy metals between and within the four procedures of potentially bioavailable sequential extraction(PBASE) varied significantly(P < 0.001).Stronger relationships were noted between the metals extracted with PBASE SE1 and Cu,Pb(P < 0.01) and Fe(P < 0.001) in the lettuce.These results indicate that addition of lime is sufficient to restore the vegetative cover to a high metal mine waste while DAP is good for stabilizing Pb,but its detrimental role on plant growth and the risk associated with presence of N in DAP(through N leaching) may restrict its chances for remediation of contaminated sites.
